Systems An introduction Dear buyer, Thank you for purchasing this PowerPoint! I know that teachers work too hard for their tiny paychecks. I hope this PowerPoint allowed you to plan for your lesson faster and have more time out there in your life in the real world. I strive to make my presentations easy to follow and packed with at least one or more ways to get a grade out of your students. Please do not repost my PowerPoints or share them without purchasing a discounted additional license (for 50% off). Thanks so much! An introduction Cheers! Jes Giuliani Identify the functions and parts of the skeletal system: • protection – rib cage, cranium • support – vertebrae • movement – pelvis, femur, hip Identify the following types of muscles: • cardiac – heart • smooth – stomach • skeletal – biceps Identify the functions and parts of the nervous system: • control center – brain • relay mechanism – spinal cord • transport messages – nerves An introduction Distinguish between voluntary and involuntary responses. Check out my other presentations http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Store/Jessica-Giuliani An introduction An introduction An introduction An introduction An introduction An introduction Let’s learn about the systems that work together in the human body. Although there are only a few listed below, there are many other systems in the human body. skeletal muscular nervous circulatory respiratory digestive Systems Work Together What is a system? A combination of things or parts that work together to complete something as a whole. The human body is not the only thing that is made up of different systems working together. I can think of many examples of things that are composed of systems that work together. Discuss some of the parts of these systems that work together to accomplish something as a whole… Can you think of any other systems that work together? Systems An introduction The Skeletal System The Skeletal System is made up of bones, ligaments, and tendons. This system gives our human bodies their shape. Without bones, we would be a blob of blood and guts on the floor. The skeletal system works closely with the muscular system to help our bodies move. The Skeletal System The bones in our bodies do not work alone. They come together to form things called joints. At the end of each is a tough and shiny substance called cartilage. It’s job is to make sure your bones won't scratch and bump against each other when you move. How do our bones stay together? With stretchy, rubber bandlike things called ligaments. The Skeletal System Do you know how many bones are in the human body? 206! When babies are born, they have between 300-350 bones but they fuse together as the baby grows. Your hand has 27 bones. Your face has 14! The Skeletal System Your skeletal system has three jobs: • protection – rib cage, cranium (skull) • support – vertebrae (spine) • movement – pelvis, femur, hip Study your bones. A quiz will be given on the major bones. The Skeletal System Questions to discuss aloud: How do your bones protect us? What does your rib cage protect? What does your skull protect? What if we didn’t have a skull to protect our brain? What does your spine support? Fun Facts About the Skeletal System: A giraffe and a human neck both have the same number of bones in their necks! The only difference is that the vertebrae in a giraffe’s neck are much longer and thicker than in a human’s neck. Fun Facts About the Skeletal System: What’s the longest bone in the human body? It’s your femur, or thigh bone! It about ¼ of your total height! What’s the smallest bone in the human body? It’s your stirrup located in your ear. It’s about 1/10 of an inch long. The Muscular System The muscular system is made up of tissue and works with your skeletal system to help your body move. The way that muscles actually work is very simple. They contract and relax. That means they tighten up and then relax. The Muscular System Some muscles you can control and others you can’t for example, your heart beats without you having to do a thing! There are two types of muscle cells in the body: Voluntary: you can control Involuntary: you can’t control The Muscular System Skeletal Muscles are those which attach to bones help us to move our skeletons. Skeletal muscles are also sometimes called voluntary muscles, because we have direct control over them. An example is the biceps. The Muscular System Smooth muscle is also sometimes known as involuntary muscle due to our inability to control its movements. Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs such as the stomach. The Muscular System Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) is found solely in the walls of the heart. It is under the control of the nervous system. Cardiac muscle is highly resistant to fatigue. Fun Facts About the Muscular System: Your face has more than 30 muscles. They help you to show emotions like happiness, fear, sadness, and more! Your eyes are the busiest muscle in your body. They can move over 100,000 times a day! Biggest muscle? The gluteus maximus (your bottom). The Nervous System Why do we dream? How do we remember the words to our favorite songs? Our brain is in charge of these things and the brain is a part of the nervous system. The three major parts of the nervous system are the brain, nerves, and the spinal cord. The Nervous System Your brain runs your body and tells it what to do – even when you are sleeping! However, the brain doesn’t work alone, it also needs the help of the other parts of the nervous system. The nerves and the spinal cord work together with the brain to send messages to your body. Fun Facts About the Nervous System: There are millions of nerves in our bodies. There are so many that it is even more than the number of stars in the Milky Way! Our right side of our brain controls the left of our body and our left brain controls the right side. Weird! Fun Facts About the Nervous System: The adult human brain weighs approximately 3 pounds. Our nervous system can transmit impulses as fast as 100 meters per second. As we get older, the brain loses almost one gram per year. The Circulatory System This system is like the delivery system for our human bodies. Blood moves through our bodies through our blood vessels and gives our bodies oxygen and nutrients so it can live. What color is your blood? What color is your blood when it’s inside your body? Red! Fun Facts About the Circulatory System: It takes 20 seconds for blood to circulate the entire body. Human blood is actually colorless, it is the hemoglobin that makes it red. The heart beats around 3 billion times in the average person's life. The Respiratory System This system brings air/oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide and is made up of the nose, trachea, and lungs. When you take a breath, air enters your nose or mouth and goes down a long tube called the trachea. The trachea branches into two tubes which go to the lungs. The Respiratory System The primary function of the respiratory system is to supply the blood with oxygen. Blood delivers oxygen to all parts of the body. Your lungs are in your chest. Your lungs are protected by your rib cage, which is made up of sets of ribs. Take Care of Your Respiratory System: Make sure to get plenty of exercise to keep your body in shape. Do NOT smoke. Smoking damages your lungs in the respiratory system. If you ever feel like you are having trouble breathing, tell an adult immediately! Fun Facts About the Respiratory System: Plants are our partners. We breathe in air, use the oxygen in it, and release carbon dioxide. Plants take in carbon dioxide and release oxygen. People get more colds in the winter because we're indoors more often. When people sneeze, cough, and even breathe, germs go everywhere! The Digestive System The digestive system is made up of organs that break down food into protein, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, and fats. Your body needs these things for energy, growth, and repair. The Digestive System After food is chewed and swallowed, it goes down the esophagus and enters the stomach and is broken down by stomach acids. From the stomach, the food travels into the small intestine where your it is broken down into nutrients that can enter the bloodstream. Excess food that the body doesn't need is turned into waste and leaves the body. Fun Facts About the Digestive System: How long are your intestines? They are at least 25 feet long in an adult. Just be glad you're not a full-grown horse -- their coiled-up intestines are 89 feet long! Each year, Americans eat about 700 million pounds of peanut butter. Fun Facts About the Digestive System: Americans eat over 2 billion pounds of chocolate a year. The stomach is a “J” shaped muscle. In the mouth, food is either cooled or warmed to a more suitable temperature. The average male will eat about 50 tons of food during his life. Now that we have reviewed each system it’s... project time... The Organ Trail The Organ Trail Grab yer hat and saddle the broncs! Tis time to head down the “Organ Trail” on a little adventure! Gather the Facts At the end of this journey, you will need to know the following: 1. Which system contains your organ? 2. Tell 5 or more facts about that system. 3. What are the organ's main functions? 4. How does your organ work to keep the body healthy? 5. Which diseases or disorders affect your organ? 6. Can a person live without your organ? The Organ Trail •brain •heart •lungs •liver •bladder •pancreas •spleen •kidneys •eyes •stomach •blood •skin •appendix •gallbladder Create a Wanted Poster for your organ! The poster should include a picture of your organ and the information outlined on the "Gather The Facts" slide. Have fun! Visit the site below to get started! Good luck! http://sciencespot.net/Pages/kdzhealth.html How will I be graded on my poster?? 1 2 3 4 Organ’s system is missing. Organ’s system is mentioned or listed. Organ’s system is briefly describes. Names and defines the organ’s system in detail. Organ system isn’t described or is missing. Describes the organ’s system using some facts. Describes the organ’s system using 5-10 facts. Describes the organ’s system using more than 10 facts. Does not describe how Briefly states how Tells how the organ organ keeps body organ helps body to be keeps body healthy. healthy. healthy. Tells in detail how the organ keeps body healthy. Little or no mention of diseases. Mentions a disease that could affect the organ. Lists and describes 35or more diseases Lists and describes 5 or more diseases . “Can a person live without it?” is missing or inadequately answered. “Can a person live without it?” is briefly answered. “Can a person live without it?” is adequately described. Explains in detail why or why not the body could live without the organ. No effort demonstrated. Some effort shown. Shows adequate effort. Shows efforts that are above and beyond.