Do you want to be a
leader?
Why?
Why not?
Some quotes to consider…

"A good leader is not necessarily the most popular
person in their business, but the best ones are
liked because they are respected for their clarity
and vision"
- Alan Sugar

"Good leadership is about the company's success,
not your own"
- Anne Mulcahy (CeO Xerox)

"Leadership is the capacity to translate vision into
reality"
- Warren Bennis
Founding Chairman of The Leadership Institute at the University of
Southern California.
Syllabus aims…
the meaning of leadership
 the range of leadership styles
 assessing internal and external
factors influencing leadership style
 the role of leadership in managing
change
 assessing the importance of
leadership.

The meaning of leadership
A relationship through which
one person influences the
behaviour or actions of other
people
Source: Mullins (The Nature of Leadership)
Can you name me some
leaders? (They don’t have to be from the world of business!)
Confucius
Genghis Khan
Edmund Hillary
first to summit Mount Everest during the
1953 British expedition
Lenin
Kofi Annan Head of UN 1997 - 2007
What about
business leaders?
Current Business leaders
Click
here
for
loads
more
What about these?
Leaders
Managers
Inspire people
Build relationships
Take risks
Have followers
Enact the plan
Use their authority
Manage risks
Have subordinates
In reality, both are closely linked
You will need to go
back to these links
later for your task!
Leadership types…
Authoritarian
Paternalistic
Democratic
Laissez-faire
Authoritarian

Authoritarian leaders provide
clear expectations for what
needs to be done, when it
should be done, and how it
should be done.

There is also a clear division
between the leader and the
followers.

Authoritarian leaders make
decisions independently with
little or no input from the rest of
the group.
Anna Wintour
Editor of Vogue
Used in the
armed forces!
Paternalistic

Leader decides what is best for
employees

Links with Mayo – addressing
employee needs

Akin to a parent/child
relationship

Still little delegation

A softer form of authoritarian
leadership
John Cadbury
Democratic

Democratic leaders offer
guidance to group
members, but they also
participate in the group
and allow input from
other group members.
President John F. Kennedy – more
charismatic than democratic?
One of the best examples of a democratic leader is also a political figure Dwight D. Eisenhower
Employees have greater
As a involvement
military leader Eisenhower
faced with the difficult task of getting
inwasdecisionthe Alliance forces to agree on a common strategy. Eisenhower worked
making
hard
to make sure everyone worked together to come to a common

understanding. This was one of his greatest achievements. It was here
 that the democratic leadership style and collaborative efforts of
Eisenhower shone through and with a victory of the Alliance forces to help
back up the correctness of the approach.
Emphasis on delegation
and consultation
President Dwight D. Eisenhower
Democratic

Democratic leaders offer
guidance to group
members, but they also
participate in the group
and allow input from
other group members.

Employees have greater
involvement in decisionmaking

Emphasis on delegation
and consultation
Laissez-faire

Is a leader who leaves the details
to experts and doesn't interfere
with subordinates.

Leader has little input into day-to-day
decision-making
Conscious decision to delegate power
Managers / employees have freedom
to do what they think is best
Effective when staff are ready and
willing to take on responsibility




Not the same as abdication
Another theory on
leadership styles
Tannenbaum and Schmidt
Four Main Styles of Leadership
Tells
Manager identifies problems, makes decision and
announces to subordinates; expects implementation
Sells
Manager still makes decision, but attempts to
overcome resistance through discussion & persuasion
Consults
Manager identifies problem and presents it to the
group. Listens to advice and suggestions before
making a decision
Joins
Manager defines the problem and passes on the
solving & decision-making to the group (which
manager is part of)
What factors would
influence the
leadership style????
Choose one of these leaders and list
all the factors that would influence
their leadership style
Irene Rosenfeld
CeO of Kraft
Francisco
D'Souza
Youngest CeO at 37
http://people.forbes.com/pr
ofile/francisco-dsouza/20957
Andrea Jung
CeO of Avon
Larry Page and
Sergey Brin
Co-Founders, Google
Internal Factors affecting
leadership style





Personal value
systems
Manager’s
experience
Confidence in
subordinates
Feelings of security
Nature of the
business problems




Type of organisation
(size, structure)
Effectiveness of
teams and groups
Skills and experience
of subordinates
Pressure (time, costs)
External Factors affecting
leadership style
o
The political and legal environment
o
The economic environment
o
The social environment
o
The technological environment
o
Changing nature of the industry
Your task

Use the internet to research the
benefits and limitations of each type
of leadership style…

Make your own ‘revision notes’ to
use…

See last slide for links to useful
resources.
Group Mind Maps…
Use
three
pieces of
A3
paper….
Share
your
ideas on
these
areas

How can a good leader help a business be
successful?

How can a bad leader cause a business to
be less competitive?

What other factors, other than leadership,
help a business be successful? Consider at
least 2 internal & 2 external factors.
Extension task….
Use the internet to research more of the work of up to two
leadership theorists covered in this unit, which could include:
 Kurt Lewin
 Blake and Mouton’s Country Club Management (1964)
 Tannenbaum and Schmidt’s Continuum Theory (1973)
 Douglas McGregor – Theory X and Theory Y Managers
 Fred Fiedler – Contingency Model
 John Adair – Action Centred Leadership
Your HWK task….

Your task is to research a current chief executive
of any business.

This could be of one of the UK’s FTSE 100 firms.

Write a short report (at least 500 words) giving
examples of leadership style and justifying your
findings. Include an image of the CeO

How do these leadership theories apply to your
chosen leader?

Include your word count at the end of your work!
Most innovative businesses
in 2009.
Further reading

http://www.leader-values.com/

http://www.leadership-expert.co.uk/leadership-styles/

http://psychology.about.com/od/leadership/a/leadstyles.htm

http://www.slideshare.net/chintu83/leadership-styles-with-examples

http://images.businessweek.com/ss/09/10/1001_worlds_best_comp
anies_2009/index.htm

http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/09_16/b41270462
52968.htm?chan=magazine+channel_in%3A+inside+innovation

http://www.businessweek.com/managing/content/sep2009/ca20090
918_716655.htm