Agenda
•
Structure (Asian Parliamentary Debate) •
–
–
–
–
•
Room Setup
Speaking Order
Timing
Rules
Judging
– The Average Reasonable Person
•
– Elements of Debate
The Debate
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
Rules of Definition
Definitional Challenge
– Team Roles (Proposition vs. Opposition)
•
•
Positive matter vs. Negative case
Counter Proposal
– Speaker Roles
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Matter, Manner , Method
Substantive Matter and Argumentation
•
New Matter and Late Development of
Matter
–
– Motion
•
•
•
Assessment of debate vs. entering debate
Prime Minister
Leader of opposition
Deputy Prime Minister
Deputy Leader of Opposition
Government & Opposition Whip
Reply Speeches
– Points Of Information (POI)
Weighing/ Prioritizing Clashes
– Scoring
•
•
–
–
–
–
–
Team Scores
Speaker Scores
Margin
Filling the Ballot Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
CHAPTER 1
STRUCTURE (ASIAN PARLIAMENTARY
DEBATE)
Asian Parliamentary
•
Structure
– Room Setup
– Speaking
Order
– Timing
– Rules
•
•
The Debate
Judging
Teams
3 Debaters (per team)
2 Teams (per debate)
At least 1 Adjudicator (per room)
ROOM SETUP
•
Structure
– Room Setup
– Speaking
Order
– Timing
– Rules
•
•
The Debate
Judging
ROOM SETUP
•
Structure
– Room Setup
– Speaking
Order
– Timing
– Rules
•
•
The Debate
Judging
FORMAT (ROOM SETUP)
•
Structure
– Room Setup
– Speaking
Order
– Timing
– Rules
•
•
The Debate
Judging
ROOM SETUP
•
Structure
– Room Setup
– Speaking
Order
– Timing
– Rules
•
•
The Debate
Judging
PANELIST
SPEAKING ORDER
•
Structure
– Room Setup
– Speaking
Order
– Timing
– Rules
•
•
The Debate
Judging
TIMING
•
Structure
– Room Setup
– Speaking
Order
– Timing
– Rules
•
•
The Debate
Judging
Substantives
UNPROTECTED TIME: POIs ALLOWED
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
PROTECTED TIME: NO POIs ALLOWED
Reply Speeches
1
2
3
4 4.20
7.20
SOME RULES TO REMEMBER
•
Structure
–
–
–
–
Room Setup
Speaking Order
Timing
Rules
•
•
•
•
•
•
Electronic
devices
Printed
Material
Help from
teachers
Time
management
The Debate
Judging
Electronic Devices
• No phones
• No Computers
• Only Dictionaries
• Penalty: You could get
disqualified from the tournament
SOME RULES TO REMEMBER
•
Structure
–
–
–
–
Room Setup
Speaking Order
Timing
Rules
•
•
•
•
•
•
Electronic
devices
Printed
Material
Help from
teachers
Time
management
The Debate
Judging
Printed Material
• Allowed During Prep Time
• Not During Speech
• Penalty: You could get
disqualified from the tournament
SOME RULES TO REMEMBER
•
Structure
–
–
–
–
Room Setup
Speaking Order
Timing
Rules
•
•
•
•
•
•
Electronic
devices
Printed
Material
Help from
teachers
Time
management
When preparation begins you are on your
own.
NO ONE is allowed to help you.
• What do you do if you don’t understand
the motion?
– Ask a member of the adjudication core, and
we will explain to you
The Debate
Judging
• Penalty: You could get disqualified from
the tournament
SOME RULES TO REMEMBER
•
Structure
–
–
–
–
Room Setup
Speaking Order
Timing
Rules
•
•
•
•
•
•
Electronic
devices
Printed
Material
Help from
teachers
Time
management
The Debate
Judging
Debate Preparation 30 mins
Adj Decision: 15 mins
Oral Adj: 7 mins each
*** Timing is strictly controlled***
CHAPTER 2
THE DEBATE
MOTIONS
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
Motion
•
•
•
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
–
–
–
•
Rules of Definition
Definitional
Challenge
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
The Theme
Every round has a theme.
Debaters are expected to follow
the theme when discussing the
motion.
The debate must have a direct
link not only to the motion, but
also to the theme of the round
MOTIONS
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
Motion
•
•
•
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
–
–
–
•
Rules of Definition
Definitional
Challenge
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
(Debate types)
Every debate requires a different
underlying principles / ideas
Requires a certain set of skills
This year we give hints to what kind
of debates we want to see
MOTIONS
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
Motion
•
•
•
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
–
–
–
•
Rules of Definition
Definitional
Challenge
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
Example
If the motions is “This house
would fight fire with fire” , and
the theme is International
Relations defining the motion to
talk about military action on
cross boarder conflicts makes
more sense than talking about
death penalty for murderers
MOTIONS
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
Motion
•
•
•
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
–
–
–
•
Rules of Definition
Definitional
Challenge
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
What is a motion?
A clearly worded statement that
announces the topic to be
debated in the round
MOTIONS
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
Motion
•
•
•
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
–
–
–
•
Rules of Definition
Definitional
Challenge
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
Types Of Motions
1. THBT (This House Believes That)
2. THW (This House Would)
TYPES OF DEBATE
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
Motion
•
•
•
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
–
–
–
•
Rules of
Definition
Definitional
Challenge
Team Roles (Proposition
vs. Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information
(POI)
Judging
Principle Debate
• Principle issues (Moral,
Ethnics, Economics,
Effectiveness of
outcomes)
• Should or should not
solve the problem in a
certain way
• Ex. THBT national
security is more
important than
individual rights
Policy Debate
• Implementation of
models, exactly how to
solve a problem
• Whose model is better?
• Who provide more
benefit to the majority
• Ex. THW legalize online
sport gambling
DEFENITIONS
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
Motion
•
•
•
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
–
–
–
•
•
Rules of Definition
Definitional
Challenge
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
•
Each Definition MUST:
– Have a Direct Link to the motion
– In spirit of the motion or theme
– Is fair and debatable
Unfair Definitions: (Which Opposition Leader can Challenge)
– Truisms- a truism is an argument that is considered to be
true by the vast majority of people. Example: ‘genocide is
bad’
– Tautology- Not a truism now but will be true in the near
future: example: ‘Obama should close Guantanamo Bay’
(in fact, isn’t close yet, but Obama has already decided to
close Guantanamo Bay already)
– Squirrels- Wholly unreasonable
– Time/ Place Sets- Put the debate specifically In a time or
location. Example: ‘We would debate this motion in the
context of WW1 1914’ or ‘We would place this debate in
Dominican Republic (an island in the Caribbean)’
DEFINITIONAL CHALLENGE
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
•
Motion
•
•
•
Types of Motions
Types of Debate
Definitions
–
–
–
–
–
•
•
Rules of
Definition
Definitional
Challenge
•
Team Roles (Proposition
vs. Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information
(POI)
Judging
•
What is a challenge?
– Definitional challenge is a challenge from the opposition on the
definition that was set earlier from the Prime Minister
When to challenge?
– When the definition is unfair (truism, tautology, squirrels and
time/place sets)
– It can only come from the Leader of Opposition, not later
How to challenge?
– The LO needs to point out the unfairness from the government bench
with supporting reason
– LO is obliged to redefine the definition (provide an alternative
definition)
– In most of the cases, the team must provide an ‘even if’ argument
– Remember that, An `Even if' argument is not possible in some cases.
(e.g. truistic definition & definition running counter to the resolution
i.e. where govt. has taken the opposition’s case).
What’s next?
– The DPM has the responsibility to either reject or accept the new
definition
– DPM has to rebut the new idea that came from the opposing team
even if he or she rejects the new definition
TEAM ROLES
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition
vs. Opposition)
Speaker Roles
Points Of Information
(POI)
Judging
Proposition
Opposition
• Support the motion &
give a definition
• Realize the problem and
propose a
solution/change
• Provide model or
mechanism (the detailed
implementation
process)
• Engage with Opposition
• Go against the motion
• Realize the problem, but
go against PROP’s
proposal
• Provide counter-model
or alternative
• Stick with status quo
• Engage with
Government
SPEAKER ROLES (PM)
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition
vs. Opposition)
Speaker Roles
• Prime Minister
• Leader of
Opposition
• Deputy Prime
Minister
• Deputy Leader of
Opposition
• Government Whip
• Opposition Whip
• Reply Speeches
Points Of Information
(POI)
Judging
• States Context
– Briefly explain background of the debate
• Sets the Definition
– Clearly define the motion
• Explain the Model (policy debate)
• Provides Team Stance
– The direction of the Government’s case
• Presents Split
– State arguments of 1st and 2nd speaker
• Develop Argument
– Analyze and elaborate
SPEAKER ROLES (LO)
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
• Prime Minister
• Leader of Opposition
• Deputy Prime Minister
• Deputy Leader of
Opposition
• Government Whip
• Opposition Whip
• Reply Speeches
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
• Accept/ Reject the definition
• Rebut the Prime Minister’s arguments
• Explain the Counter Model or Status
Quo (policy debate)
• Provides Team Stance
– The direction of the Opposition case
• Presents Split
– State arguments for 1st and 2nd speaker
• Develop Argument
– Analyze and elaborate
SPEAKER ROLES (DPM)
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
• Prime Minister
• Leader of Opposition
• Deputy Prime
Minister
• Deputy Leader of
Opposition
• Government Whip
• Opposition Whip
• Reply Speeches
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
• Rebut the Leader of
Opposition’s arguments and
Defend your own case
• Presents own arguments
(different from 1st speaker)
• Develop your Argument
– Analyze and elaborate
SPEAKER ROLES (DLO)
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
• Prime Minister
• Leader of Opposition
• Deputy Prime
Minister
• Deputy Leader of
Opposition
• Government Whip
• Opposition Whip
• Reply Speeches
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
• Rebut the Deputy Prime
Minister’s arguments and
Defend your own case
• Presents own arguments
(different from 1st speaker)
• Develop your Argument
– Analyze and elaborate
SPEAKER ROLES (GW)
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
• Prime Minister
• Leader of Opposition
• Deputy Prime
Minister
• Deputy Leader of
Opposition
• Government Whip
• Opposition Whip
• Reply Speeches
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
• Rebut the Deputy Leader of
Opposition’s arguments
• Rebut the points of the Opposition
• Summarizes the debate, define the
CLASHES and MAIN ISSUE of the
debate
• Support and Defend the points of
the Government side
• Summarizes the Government case
• Cannot Bring New Matter/ New
Argument
SPEAKER ROLES (OW)
•
•
Structure (Asian Parliamentary
Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
• Prime Minister
• Leader of Opposition
• Deputy Prime Minister
• Deputy Leader of
Opposition
• Government Whip
• Opposition Whip
• Reply Speeches
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
• Rebut the points of the
Government
• Summarizes the debate, define
the CLASHES and MAIN ISSUE
of the debate
• Support and Defend the points
of the Opposition side
• Summarizes the Opposition
case
• Cannot Bring New Matter/
New Argument
SPEAKER ROLES (REPLY)
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
• Prime Minister
• Leader of Opposition
• Deputy Prime
Minister
• Deputy Leader of
Opposition
• Government Whip
• Opposition Whip
• Reply Speeches
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
• Given by 1st or 2nd speaker, NOT the WHIP
• Summarizes the entire debate, looking at
the arguments, role fulfillment, main
questions which need to be answered to
win, higher moral benefit majority, etc
• The team’s last opportunity to persuade
their main points to be the adjudicator and
focus on the key issues of the debate
• Summarizes the Opposition case shortly
• No new Matter/ New Arguments, examples
analysis
POINTS OF INFORMATION (POIs)
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
–
–
–
–
•
Motion
Team Roles (Proposition vs.
Opposition)
Speaker Roles
• Prime Minister
• Leader of Opposition
• Deputy Prime
Minister
• Deputy Leader of
Opposition
• Government Whip
• Opposition Whip
• Reply Speeches
Points Of Information (POI)
Judging
1. STRICTLY no longer than 20
seconds
2. POIs are
1. Points of clarification
2. Points of Contention
3. Stand up
4. No hackling
5. Chair controls the room
CHAPTER 3
JUDGING A DEBATE
WHO IS AN ADJUDICATOR?
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
– The Average
Reasonable
Person
•
Assessment of
debate vs.
entering
debate
– Elements of
Debate
– Scoring
– Margin
– Filling the Ballot
Sheet
– Time
Management
– Oral Adjudication
– Tabulation System
• Is an average reasonable person
– First year university student
– Has no specific knowledge on issues
– A fairly logical person, and listens to
reason
– Does not have a personal attachment
to the motion
– Is politically correct (penalizes hate
speech or any personal attacks by
debaters)
Assessment of Clashes
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
– The Average
Reasonable
Person
•
Assessment of
debate vs.
entering
debate
– Elements of
Debate
– Scoring
– Margin
– Filling the Ballot
Sheet
– Time
Management
– Oral Adjudication
– Tabulation System
• Adjudicators listen to material
presented in the debate, and the
debate alone
• Ignores personal opinion towards
and issue, and judges the debate
objectively
• What do you do when you notice
factual errors
• What about debates against your
own moral values?
Entering the Debate
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
– The Average
Reasonable
Person
•
Assessment of
debate vs.
entering
debate
– Elements of
Debate
– Scoring
– Margin
– Filling the Ballot
Sheet
– Time
Management
– Oral Adjudication
– Tabulation System
• In judging don’t use:
– Specific Knowledge you have about
an issue
– Personal values as a basis for
judgment
***Judge debates ONLY based on
what is being presented to you***
WHO IS AN ADJUDICATOR?
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
– The Average
Reasonable
Person
•
Assessment of
debate vs.
entering
debate
– Elements of
Debate
– Scoring
– Margin
– Filling the Ballot
Sheet
– Time
Management
– Oral Adjudication
– Tabulation System
• Avoid Entering Debates
– Your specific knowledge about an
issue should not influence your
decision
– Your personal biases is not a reason
to base your judgment on
ELEMENTS OF DEBATE
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
• Matter
• Manner
• Method
MATTER
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
•
•
•
•
•
•
Facts
Logical reasoning
Analysis
Case studies
Responsiveness
Up to date information
MANNER
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
•
•
•
•
Persuasiveness
Clarity
Body language
Eye contact
METHOD
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
•
•
•
•
Technicality of debate
Timing / Time allocation
Role fulfillment
Discipline
SUBSTANTIVE ARGUMENTATION
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
• Rebuttals are not argumentations
• Reasoning / logical explanations
• Principles
• Factual truths
WEIGHING DEBATES
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
1. What is the most important
clash in the debate?
1. Who presented it and how well?
2. What are the burdens of proof?
3. Which side responded better to
the developments through the
debate
WEIGHING DEBATES
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
• Constructive Speeches
– PM, DPM, LO, DLO
• Substantive speeches
– Whip Speakers
• Reply Speeches
– No new ideas
MARKING GUIDE
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
• What are the ranges
Total
Meaning
68-70
Poor
71-73
Below
Average
74
Average or
Expected
Standard
75-77
Above
Average
78-80
Excellent
MARGIN
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Time Management
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
Margins
Meaning
0.5-3.5
A very close debate with
only minor differences
separating the teams
4-7
A relatively clear debate
with one team having an
obvious advantage
7.5-12
Trashing. A very clear win
with the losing team
failing on one or more
fundamental aspects of
its argument or
presentation
FILLING ADJ BALLOTS
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Time Management
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
VIEW BALLOT SHEET
ORAL ADJUDICATION
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Time Management
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
7 minutes; What do debaters want
to know?
1. Important clashes of the debate
1. Show that you paid attention by
referring to speeches
2. How you weighed issues /
clashes
3. Margin & its justification
Tabulation System
•
•
•
Structure (Asian
Parliamentary Debate)
The Debate
Judging
–
–
The Average
Reasonable Person
Elements of Debate
•
•
Matter, Manner ,
Method
Substantive
Matter and
Argumentation
–
•
–
–
–
–
–
–
Weighing/
Prioritizing
Clashes
New Matter and
Late
Development of
Matter
Scoring
Margin
Time Management
Filling the Ballot
Sheet
Oral Adjudication
Tabulation System
NOT IMPORTANT FOR NOW!!
Questions?