ELECTRONIC STICK FOR BLIND PEOPLE
Submitted By
N. Jayaprakash
Under guidance of
Asst. Professor
Internal guide
Asst. Professor
Co- ordinate
INTRODUCTION
• The main aim of this project is to detect the obstacle in front of the
electronic stick and giving the alarm
• This will assist the blind persons during the walk and provides an
alarm if any hurdle is detected with-In the set range
• This system mainly consists of a regulated power supply, IR
transmitter, IR receiver, control circuit and the output driver circuit
• The IR sensor detects the presence of an obstacle in front of the
person
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PROJECT
Battery
Regulated
Control
Supply
Circuit
Sensor
circuit
Block diagram of project
Buzzer
MAJOR COMPONENTS INFORMATION
 Integrated Circuit 555
 Light Emitting Diode (LED)
 TSOP 1738 IR receiver
 Comparator
 Voltage Regulator
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 555
GND
1
8 VCC
TRIGGER
2
7 DISCHARGE
OUTPUT
3
RESET
4
IC
555
6 THRESHOLD
5 CONTROL
VOLTAGE
Pin diagram of IC 555
Block schematic of IC555
LIGHT EMITTING DIOD
• A light-emitting diode
(LED) is a semiconductor
diode that emits incoherent
narrow spectrum light when
electrically biased in the
forward direction of the pn-
junction
Parts of a LED
TSOP 1738 IR RECEIVER
• This Tsop 1738 work as reciever
• Receives modulated infrared signal and
converts into electrical signal.
• If IR LED (reciever) detects any hurdle
in between of its line of sight
communication then voltage across its
output get low.
• If IR LED (reciever) does not detect any
hurdle in the way of its line of sight
communication then voltage across it
remains high.
BUZZER
COMPARATOR
• In our project we have used IC LM319
• The LM319 is a dual high speed
voltage comparator designed to
operate from a single + 5V supply up
to ±15V dual supplies
• All pins of any unused comparators
should be tied to the negative supply.
• The LM319 series are high gain, wide
bandwidth
CIRCUIT DESIGN AND OPERATION
REGULATED POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT
7805
1
vcc
3
2
230V
AC
47µF
47µF
100µF
100µF
2K
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND ITS OPERATION
LM7805
1
vcc
3
2
230V
AC
vcc
IC
555
2 1
10nF
vcc
A
8
7 4
100µF
vcc
220E
6
100µF
47µF
vcc
1K5
2K
47µF
vcc
TSOP
470E
11
4
100E
3
547
100µF
1
2
3
TSOP
O/P
5
10nF
O/P
5
IC
319
3 8
vcc
10K
12
6 10
vcc
Buzzer
ADVANTAGES
 Multiplexers are used to sense obstacles in different directions
simultaneously. This means, the blind person might receive
different signals on obstacles in different directions around
him.
 The moisture sensing electrodes sense the moist soil or
stagnant water. This can be especially helpful during the rainy
season. It also contains micro-switches, to detect manholes.
FUTURE SCOPE
 Technology created reading machines, talking books, and
computers that translate Braille.
 Communications technologies were easier to invent and
consequently were brought to market
 Technologies available for blind navigation are insufficiently
developed, adapted, and marketed.
CONCLUSIONS
 Electronic walking stick for blind people helps the blind
people when the obstacle occurs at in front the person.
 The stick gives signal to the person by buzzer sound or
vibration when it detects the obstacle.

Without the help of any other person the blind people can
walk easily.
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER SUPPLY
5V DC
230V AC
Transformer
Rectifier
Filter
Block diagram of power supply
Regulator
INTEGRATED CIRCUIT 555
• IC555 timer IC along with Infra red LED which is going to
transmit signal
• This IC consists of two comparators that drive the set(S) and
reset(R) terminals of a flip flop.
• The Q output is available as the overall output. Q' drives the
discharge transistor
• The reference voltage of comparator 1 is fixed at (2/3)V+ and
that of comparator 2 is fixed at (1/3)V+.