Latitude and Longitude
Latitude & Longitude
What is the blue line on this globe called?
Equator!
Latitude & Longitude
What is the yellow line on this globe called?
Prime
Meridian
Latitude & Longitude continued
Latitude (x axis) & Longitude (y axis)
ALWAYS
stated first
- Coordinate system used to locate places
on Earth
(x) Latitude: measured in degrees,
North & South of Equator
- think “laddertude” (rungs of a ladder)
horizontal lines
** lines of latitude are also called parallels
Maximum latitudes: 900 N (north pole) & 900 S (south pole)
Reference line = Equator (00)
Always has # and direction (examples: 490 N; 320 S)
Latitude (x axis) continued
There are 2 ways to get latitude:
1) with reference to center of Earth
2) with reference to Polaris
Polaris & latitude: altitude /
angle to Polaris = your latitude
If on the same latitude:
1) all see Polaris at same angle
2) all have same length of day
FYI:
10
of latitude ~ 111 km
NH = Northern Hemisphere
SH = Southern Hemisphere
ALWAYS stated
second
Longitude (y axis)
ALWAYS stated
second
(y) Longitude: measured in degrees, East & West of the
Prime Meridian (Greenwich, England)
** lines of longitude are also called meridians
Reference line: Prime Meridian (00) / GMT
Greenwich Mean Time
** A chronometer
is a very accurate
clock used to find
longitude by
finding the time
difference from 00
longitude.
GMT is the time in
Greenwich, England
from which all
longitude is calculated
E or W of the Prime
Meridian based on 15o
per hour of difference
from GMT.
Longitude (y axis) continued
International Date Line (IDL): 1800
If you go West over the IDL, add a day
If you go East over the IDL, lose a day
If on the same longitude:
1) same time
2) all will see high noon at the same time
Rotational rate = Distance = 3600 = 150 / hour
Time 24 hrs
1 rotation per 24 hours
Memorize
this
Longitude (y axis) continued
Rotational rate = Distance = 3600 = 150 / hour
Time 24 hrs
Earth is broken into 24 equal time zones, all 150
apart with 1 hour difference
Earlier
Later
Memorize
this
Stop!
Latitude / Longitude Intro
BOTH sides: start with latitude
and then…
Latitude / Longitude
Worksheet 03-2L
Dividing degrees
How many minutes in an hour?
Guess what a degree is divided
into (in latitude / longitude)?
60 minutes!
How many seconds in a minute?
Guess what a minute is divided
into (in latitude / longitude)?
60 seconds!
NYS Latitude / Longitude
Page 3 ESRTs – RULER TIME
See next page in
your notes for
reference
See next page in
your notes for
reference
See next page in your notes for reference
Latitude / Longitude ctd
Page 11 of your notes packet: Add the minutes
and seconds you see below
Latitude & Longitude –
Southwestern United States
Latitude / Longitude ctd
Use page 3 of the ESRTs to complete the following table on
PAGE 11 in your notes packet
Location
Latitude
Longitude
Syracuse
430 5’ N
760 10’ W
Albany
420 45’ N
730 40’ W
Mt. Marcy
440 10’ N
730 55’ W
Binghamton
420 5’ N
750 55’ W
Jamestown
420 5’ N
790 15’ W
Riverhead
400 50’ N
720 35’ W
Slide Mountain
420 N
740 20’ W
Oswego
430 25’ N
760 25’ W
Watertown
430 55’ N
750 55’ W
Buffalo
420 50’ N
780 50’ W
Homework: Lat / Long Practice (18 – 30)
Homework: Lat / Long Practice (18 – 30)
Latitude / Longitude Lab
Latitude / Longitude Lab
Latitude / Longitude Lab
Phone a friend at 6 am?
Remember: Rotational rate = 150 / hour
Longitude / Time Zone Problems
Longitude / Time Zone Problems
Longitude / Time Zone Problems
Longitude / Time Zone Problems
Longitude / Time Zone Problems
Latitude / Longitude Lab – Reality Check
Greenwich Mean Time (GMT)
Greenwich Mean Time: the time in Greenwich, England from which all Longitude is
calculated east & west of the Prime Meridian using 15o / hour of difference from GMT.
Latitude / Longitude Lab – Reality Check
2o driving in North Dakota vs. Texas
2o = 2o but meridians (lines of longitude) are farther apart the closer to the Equator you
are. Since Texas is closer to the Equator than South Dakota is so you would physically
travel farther in Texas driving 2o east. *** LOOK AT THE GLOBES **
Latitude / Longitude Lab – Reality Check
DESCRIBE how to use latitude and longitude
• You would measure latitude north or south of the Equator in
degrees (latitude is ALWAYS listed first)
• then you would measure longitude east or west of the Prime
Meridian in degrees
• Latitude and longitude give the coordinates to pinpoint any
location on Earth.
Maps including Lat. / Long.