OCR Level 3
UNIT 14:
Computer Animation
Assessment & Grading Criteria
Learning Outcomes
1) Understand the types and
uses of animation
Pass
Merit
P1 Explain the different types of M1 Discuss the history of
animation
studios that produce
animations
P2 Explain different uses of
M2 Describe the benefits of
animation
using animations in the media
Distinction
D1 Compare the different
animation styles of key
animators
P3 Discuss the advantages and
limitations of animated GIFS
1)
Know the software
techniques used in
animation
P4 Describe the software tools
available for animation
P5 Describe factors that need to
be taken into account when
creating animations for the web
1)
Be able to design and
implement digital
animations
P6 Design computer animations
using different techniques
P7 Implement animations using
different animation techniques
M3 Use advanced software
features to enhance the
animation
D2 Justify how the use of
advanced software
functionalities has improved the
animation
Summer Task
• Set up a new Word document with the following information
•
•
Read all of the information from slides 5 – 10 about the different types of
animation and then using your own knowledge and any other information that
you can find whether that be from the Internet (not just copied and pasted) or
from a book write about each of the different types of animation and include
images.
Read through slide 11 and create the table from slide 12 – research the
advantages and limitations of GIFs and fill out the table explaining in detail
about the advantages and limitations.
P1 & 2: Explain the different types of animation
Learning Objective:
To be able to explain the different types of animations
To be able to write about how the different types of animation are created
To be able to give an example of each type of animation
To be able to give examples of where/when each type of animation might
be used
Flip Book
Flip books were created early on in the animation
industry.
They are a series of pages that contain different
images.
When you flick through the pages at a rapid pace it
gives the illusion of movement.
Flip books are used in magazines & newspapers to
show a comic strip.
Flip books are used in primary schools by both
teachers and pupils for note taking and story
telling.
Zoetrope
This was an early attempt at creating animation
created by William George Horner in 1833.
It is static images drawn in a cylinder shaped
object with small slits equally spaced around
the shape.
When the image is spun the light reflecting
through the slits gives the illusion that the
static images are in fact moving.
Zoetrope has been used within children’s toys.
It was also used in the early planning stages of
some of the Star Wars films.
Cell Animation
This is sometimes referred to as traditional animation.
Each frame is drawn by hand, making it a lengthy process.
The cel is an important innovation to traditional animation, as it allows some
parts of each frame to be repeated from frame to frame, thus saving labor.
A simple example would be a scene with two characters on screen, one of
which is talking and the other standing silently. Since the latter character is
not moving, it can be displayed in this scene using only one drawing, on
one cel, while multiple drawings on multiple cels are used to animate the
speaking character.
This type of animation was used in the early days of cinema as this was the
only method of creating animated films.
Stop Frame Animation
Stop frame animation is where you have a physical
object
for example made from clay or plasticine and you
make it
appear like it is moving on it’s own.
Each object is moved very slowly and photographed
each time making up different frames. When these
frames are put together you get the motion of the
object moving.
In the 1970s and 1980s this type of animation was
often used within films. The chess scene in Star Wars
“The Empire Strikes Back” was created in this way.
Clay Animation
Clay animation is a similar form to stop frame animation.
Characters are made from clay or plasticine and moved
very slowly, while photographs are taken rapidly and
then put together to make an animation.
"Freeform" clay animation is an informal term referring
to the process in which the shape of the clay changes
radically as the animation progresses, such as in the
work of Eliot Noyes, Jr. and Ivan Stang's animated
films.
CGI
CGI stands for Computer Generated Imagery
CGI is when computerised graphics are used to
contribute to the making of computer
games, arts, films, cartoons ect.
These images may be 2D or 3D but they are
more likely to be 3D. They can be static or
moving images.
It is used to create special effects in films or
computer games.
P3: Discuss the advantages and limitations of an
animated GIF
Learning Objective:
To be able to explain what a GIF is
To be able to explain advantages of a GIF
To be able to explain disadvantages of a GIF
What is a GIF?
GIF stands for Graphics Interchange Format, it was developed in 1987 and it is
a bitmap image.
Advantages & Limitations of a GIF
Advantages
Explanation
Advantages
Disadvantages
Explanation
Disadvantages