SIX
INSTRUCTIONAL
SHIFTS
NYS P-12
Common Core
Learning
Standards for
ELA & Literacy
Three Main
Sections
PK-5
cross-disciplinary
6-12
Three
Appendices
CCLS ELA
Design and
Organization
A
Research and
evidence; glossary
of key terms
B
English Language
Arts
Reading text examples;
sample performance
tasks
6-12
C
Literacy in History/Social
Studies, Science, &
Technical Subjects
Annotated student
writing samples
Shared
responsibility
for students’
literacy
development
Interdisciplinary
Argumentation
Research
Text Complexity
Diversity of
texts
Academic
Discussion
Close Reading
of Text
(analysis)
Technology
Common
Core
Themes
ELA &
Literacy
COMMON CORE SHIFTS
ELA & CONTENT LITERACY
Balancing
Informational &
Literary Texts
(Grades PK-5)
Knowledge in
the Disciplines
(Grades 6-12)
Staircase of
Complexity
Text-based
Answers
Writing from
Sources
Academic
Vocabulary
BALANCING INFORMATIONAL &
LITERARY TEXTS
Range of Text
Types
Literature =
Stories,
Dramas, Poetry
SHIFT 1
Grades
PK-5
Informational =
Literary
Nonfiction,
Historical,
Scientific, &
Technical Texts
12th grade
8th grade
4th grade
50%
fiction
50%
nonfiction
40%
fiction
60%
nonfiction
20%
fiction
80%
nonfiction
Increase in
teaching
and learning
with nonfiction text
KNOWLEDGE IN THE DISCIPLINES
Reading &
Writing Literacy
Standards
• Complement, not replace content
standards
Depending on
text rather than
referring to it
• Read a president’s speech & write a
response
• Read scientific papers & write an
analysis
Think
sophisticated
non-fiction
• Analyze and evaluate texts within
disciplines
• Gain knowledge from texts that convey
complex information through diagrams,
charts, evidence, & illustrations
SHIFT 2
Grades
6-12
Expectation of
rigorous domain
specific literacy
instruction
outside of ELA
PreCCLS Core
Text
The
Study
of the
Cell
SHIFT 1
Balancing
Informational
and Literary
Texts
SHIFT 2
Building
Knowledge in
the
Disciplines
7
PostCCLS Core Texts
SHIFT 1
Balancing
Informational
and Literary
Texts
SHIFT 2
Building
Knowledge in
the
Disciplines
Paired Texts: The Cell and Beyond
STAIRCASE OF COMPLEXITY
Increase
in text
complexity
at each
grade
level
Qualitative
SHIFT 3
Levels of meaning
Structure
Clarity of language
Knowledge demands
Quantitative
Word length
Sentence length
Text cohesion
Reader &
Task
Expectation of
proficiency and
independence in
reading grade
level text
Motivation
Appendix B:
Knowledge
Text Exemplars
and Sample
Performance
Tasks
Experience
PRE-CCLS SCIENCE
The cell membrane is a thin ,
flexible barrier around the cell.
Many cells also have a strong
layer around the cell membrane
known as the cell wall...
Some cells also have a nucleus, a large
structure that contains the cell’s genetic
material and controls the cell’s activities.
The material inside the cell’s membrane –
but not including the nucleus – is called the
cytoplasm. The cytoplasm contains many
important structures.
SHIFT 3
Staircase of
Complexity
POST-CCLS SCIENCE
Under the microscope, a cell looks a lot like a fried egg:
It has a white (the cytoplasm) that’s full of water and
proteins to keep it fed, and a yolk (the nucleus) that
holds all the genetic information that makes you you.
The cytoplasm buzzes like a New York City street. It’s
crammed full of molecules and vessels endlessly
shuttling enzymes and sugars from one part of the cell
to another, pumping water, nutrients, and oxygen in and
out of the cell. All the while, little cytoplasmic factories
work 24/7, cranking out sugars, fats, proteins, and
energy to keep the whole thing running and feed the
nucleus – the brains of the operation. Inside every
nucleus within each cell in your body, there’s an
identical copy of your entire genome. That genome tells
cells when to grow and divide and makes sure they do
their jobs, whether that’s controlling your heartbeat or
helping your brain understand the words on this page.
SHIFT 3
Staircase
of
Complexity
PRE-CCLS SCIENCE
SHIFT 3
Staircase of
Complexity
OCM BOCES Network Team
12
POST-CCLS SCIENCE
SHIFT 3
Staircase of
Complexity
OCM BOCES Network Team
13
TEXT-BASED ANSWERS
Questions tied
directly to the
text, but extend
beyond the
literal
Students must
cite text to
support answers
Personal
opinions,
experiences,
and connections
to the text are
minimized in
favor of what
the text actually
says or doesn’t
say
SHIFT 4
Questions are
purposefully
planned & direct
students to
closely examine
the text
PRE-CCLS SCIENCE
The cell membrane is a thin ,
flexible barrier around the cell.
Many cells also have a strong
layer around the cell membrane
known as the cell wall...
SHIFT 4
Textbased
Answers
Question:
Some cells also have a nucleus, a large
structure that contains the cell’s genetic
material and controls the cell’s activities.
The material inside the cell’s membrane –
but not including the nucleus – is called the
cytoplasm. The cytoplasm contains many
important structures.
What is the
material
called inside
the cell’s
membrane?
POST-CCLS SCIENCE
SHIFT 4
The cell membrane is a thin ,
flexible barrier around the cell.
Many cells also have a strong
layer around the cell membrane
known as the cell wall...
Some cells also have a nucleus, a large
structure that contains the cell’s genetic
material and controls the cell’s activities.
The material inside the cell’s membrane –
but not including the nucleus – is called the
cytoplasm. The cytoplasm contains many
important structures.
Text-based
Answers
Question:
Would the cell
membrane be
more like the
liner of a
swimming pool
or the hard
outer structure
the liner is
attached to?
What evidence
from the text
suppor ts your
answer?
POST-CCLS SCIENCE
Under the microscope, a cell looks a lot like a fried egg:
It has a white (the cytoplasm) that’s full of water and
proteins to keep it fed, and a yolk (the nucleus) that
holds all the genetic information that makes you you.
The cytoplasm buzzes like a New York City street. It’s
crammed full of molecules and vessels endlessly
shuttling enzymes and sugars from one part of the cell
to another, pumping water, nutrients, and oxygen in and
out of the cell. All the while, little cytoplasmic factories
work 24/7, cranking out sugars, fats, proteins, and
energy to keep the whole thing running and feed the
nucleus – the brains of the operation. Inside every
nucleus within each cell in your body, there’s an
identical copy of your entire genome. That genome tells
cells when to grow and divide and makes sure they do
their jobs, whether that’s controlling your heartbeat or
helping your brain understand the words on this page.
SHIFT 4
Text-based
Answers
Question
“The
cytoplasm
buzzes like a
New York
City street.”
What
evidence
from the text
supports the
author’s
description?
WRITING FROM SOURCES
Three
Text
Types
Argument
Informational/
Explanatory
Writing
Narrative
Writing
SHIFT 5
Supporting a claim
with sound
reasoning and
relevant evidence
Increase subject knowledge
Explain a process
Enhance comprehension
Conveys experience
i.e. fictional stories,
memoirs,
anecdotes,
autobiographies
Argumentative
writing is
especially
prominent in
the CCLS
Appendix C:
Samples of
Student Writing
Pre-CCLS Science
SHIFT 5
Use your textbook
and your notes to
draw and label
the parts of a cell.
Writing
from
Sources
Post-CCLS Science
Conduct a short research project on
the topic of stem cell research.
Compare and contrast the claims of
scientists both in favor of and those
against this type of research.
Develop the
topic with wellchosen and
sufficient
facts.
Gather
relevant
information
from multiple
authoritative
sources.
Draw evidence
from the texts
to support
your analysis,
and reflection.
SHIFT 5
Writing
from
Sources
ACADEMIC VOCABULARY
Tier One
Words
•Words of everyday speech
Tier Two
Words
•Not specific to any one
academic area
•Generally not well-defined
by context or explicitly
defined within a text
•Wide applicability to many
types of reading
Tier
Three
Words
•Domain specific
•Low-frequency
•Often explicitly defined
•Heavily scaffolded
SHIFT 6
Ramp up
instruction of
Tier Two
words
PRE-CCLS SCIENCE
The cell membrane is a thin , flexible
barrier around the cell. Many cells
also have a strong layer around the
cell membrane known as the cell
wall...
Some cells also have a nucleus, a large
structure that contains the cell’s genetic
material and controls the cell’s activities. The
material inside the cell’s membrane – but not
including the nucleus – is called the cytoplasm.
The cytoplasm contains many important
structures.
SHIFT 3
Staircase of
Complexity
Pre-CCLS
Science
cell
membrane
cell wall
nucleus
cytoplasm
SHIFT 6
Academic
Vocabulary
POST-CCLS SCIENCE
Under the microscope, a cell looks a lot like a fried egg:
It has a white (the cytoplasm) that’s full of water and
proteins to keep it fed, and a yolk (the nucleus) that
holds all the genetic information that makes you you.
The cytoplasm buzzes like a New York City street. It’s
crammed full of molecules and vessels endlessly
shuttling enzymes and sugars from one part of the cell
to another, pumping water, nutrients, and oxygen in and
out of the cell. All the while, little cytoplasmic factories
work 24/7, cranking out sugars, fats, proteins, and
energy to keep the whole thing running and feed the
nucleus – the brains of the operation. Inside every
nucleus within each cell in your body, there’s an
identical copy of your entire genome. That genome tells
cells when to grow and divide and makes sure they do
their jobs, whether that’s controlling your heartbeat or
helping your brain understand the words on this page.
SHIFT 3
Staircase
of
Complexity
Post-CCLS
Science
Tier 3
Words
Tier 2
Words
cell
membrane
buzzes
cell wall
vessels
nucleus
nutrients
cytoplasm
shuttling
SHIFT 6
Academic
Vocabulary
CONTACT INFORMATION
Renee M. Burnett
Thank
you!
Thank
you!
rburnett@ocmboces.org
Thank
you!