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Chapter Summary
Section 1: The First English Settlements
The English established colonies in North America
to enrich England. Colonists came for religious
freedom, land, and economic opportunities. With
the help of Native Americans, Jamestown and
Plymouth managed to survive. Virginia’s elected
lawmaking body marked the start of
representative government in North America.
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Chapter Summary (continued)
Section 2: The New England Colonies
In New England, many colonies were established
by people who were exiled from existing colonies
because of their religious beliefs. The Puritans
established the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Their
intolerance for others’ beliefs spurred the creation
of colonies in Rhode Island, Connecticut, and New
Hampshire.
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Chapter Summary (continued)
Section 3: The Middle Colonies
The diverse Middle Colonies were established for
religious or political reasons. New York began as
the Dutch colony of New Netherland, but England
soon conquered and renamed it. Part of New York
split off and became New Jersey. The Quakers
founded Pennsylvania as a place for people of
different religions to live together in peace.
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Chapter Summary (continued)
Section 4: The Southern Colonies
The plantation system, religion, and relations with
Native Americans all had a strong influence on the
formation of the Southern Colonies. Maryland was
established as a refuge for Catholics, while
Georgia was established to keep the Spanish in
Florida. Life on plantations differed greatly from
life in the backcountry.
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Chapter Summary (continued)
Section 5: Spanish Colonies on the Borderlands
The Spanish borderland territories—which
included Florida, Arizona, New Mexico, and
Texas—were established to keep other Europeans
away from Spanish colonies in Mexico. The
Spanish colonized the borderlands by establishing
missions, presidios, and pueblos.
Colonies Take Root
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