Chapter 2
Configuring Name
Resolution Methods
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
Objectives
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Understanding Name Resolution in Windows
Server 2008 Networks
DNS Name Resolution
Configuring DNS Client Settings
Creating and Configuring Zones
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
Name Resolution in Windows 2k8
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Why is name resolution ?
Three name resolution services
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DNS – Domain Name Service
Link Local Multicast Name Resolution –
LLMNR
NETBIOS – Network Basic Input Output System
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
DNS Name Resolution
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DNS Name Space
Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers (ICANN)
Three types of top-level domains exist:
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Organizational domains
Geographical domains
Reverse domains
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
Domain Names - FQDN
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www.howstuffworks.com - a typical name
www.yahoo.com - the world's best-known name
www.mit.edu - a popular EDU name
encarta.msn.com - a Web server that does not start
with www
www.bbc.co.uk - a name using four parts rather than
three
ftp.microsoft.com - an FTP server rather than a Web
server
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
DNS Structure
1.
DNS servers
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2.
Contains database information about some portion of the DNS
domain tree structure
Resolve name resolution queries issued by DNS clients
A server is authoritative for a domain when that server relies
on locally hosted database data
DNS zones
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a contiguous domain name for which a server is authoritative
Forward lookup zones
Reverse lookup zones
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
DNS Structure (cont)
3.
DNS resolvers
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4.
Service
Query for information from DNS servers
Resource records
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DNS database entries that are used to answer
DNS client queries
Example :
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A : IPv4 host address
AAAA : IPv6 host address
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
Understanding Server Types
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Primary servers :
Host primary zone
 Central point of update
 Newly created zones are this type
 Two ways of deployment
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Standard : Single point of failure
Active Directory integrated :
 Zone data is stored and replicated in Active
Directory
 Fault tolerance
Domain controller is also the primary DNS server in
the domain
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
Understanding Server Types (cont)
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Secondary servers :
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Stub servers :
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Host secondary zone
Load sharing and backup solution
Host stub zone
Enable a parent zone to keep an updated list of the name
servers available in a child zone
Caching only servers :
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Do not host any zones
Queries caching
Minimize name resolution traffic across WAN links
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
Understanding Recursion and Iteration
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Recursion refers to the process of a DNS
server querying other DNS servers on behalf
of an original querying client
Iteration refers to the process of a DNS client
making repeated queries to different DNS
servers.
Using root hint referrals from the DNS server
WINDOWS\System32\Dn\Cache.dns
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa
Lab Demo
Domain : cse.hui.edu.vn
NetID :192.168.1.0/24
`
`
server.cse.hui.edu.vn
clnt1.cse.hui.edu.vn
clnt2.cse.hui.edu.vn
192.168.1.254
192.168.1.1
192.168.1.2
Lecturer : Ms.Trần Thị Ngọc Hoa