Balance-Training Concepts Chapter 9 Personal Training Objectives •Describe balance and its purpose •Rationalize the importance of balance training •Design a balance-training program for the clients in any level of training. •Perform, describe, and instruct various balance-training exercises. The importance of balance • Is a component of all movements, regardless of whether strength, speed, flexibility, or endurance dominates the movement. • Maintenance of postural equilibrium (or balance) is an integrated process requiring optimal muscular balance (or length-tension relationships and force-couple relationships), joint dynamics (or arthrokinematics), and neuromuscular efficiency. • The integrated performance paradigm shows that adequate force reduction and stabilization are required for optimum force production. Importance of Properly Training the Balance Mechanism • Balance training should constantly stress an individual’s limits of stability (or balance threshold). • An individual’s limit of stability is the distance outside of the base of support that he or she can go without losing control of his or her center of gravity. • This threshold must be constantly stressed in a multiplanar, proprioceptively enriched environment, using functional movement patterns to improve dynamic balance and neuromuscular efficiency. Importance of Properly Training the Balance Mechanism • Appropriate Progressions for Functional movements: – Floor – Half foam roll – Airex pad – Bosu Ball or Dyna Disc Importance of Properly Training the Balance Mechanism • The design and implementation of balance into a program is critical for developing, improving and restoring the synergy and synchronicity of muscle-firing patterns required for dynamic joint stabilization and optimal neural muscular control. Benefits of Balance Training • Dynamic Joint Stabilization: – The ability of the kinetic chain to stabilize a joint during movement. Benefits of Balance Training • Multisensory Condition: – Training environment that provides heightened stimulation to proprioceptors and mechanoreceptors. Benefits of Balance Training • Controlled Instability: – Training environment that is as unstable as can safely be controlled by an individual. Balance and Joint Dysfunctions • The majority of fitness clients have decreased neuromuscular efficiency and problems with balance. Balance-Training Design Parameters • Stabilization Level – Single-leg balance – Single-leg balance reach – Single-leg hip internal and external rotation – Single-leg lift and chop Balance-Training Design Parameters • Strength Level – Single-leg squat – Single-leg squat touch – Single-leg Romanian deadlift – Step-up to balance – Lunge to balance Balance-Training Design Parameters • Power Level – Multiplanar hop with stabilization – Box hop-up with stabilization – Box hop-down with stabilization Balance Training Program Design Number of Exercises Sets Reps Tempo Rest Stabilization 1 1-4 1-3 12-20 Slow 0-90sec Strength 2,3,4 0-4 2-3 8-12 Medium (3/2/1-1/1/1) 0-60sec Power 5 0-2 2-3 8-12 Controlled (hold the landing position for 3-5 s) 0-60sec OPT Level Phase(s)