Circular reasoning (also known as paradoxical thinking or
circular logic), is a logical fallacy in which "the reasoner
begins with what he or she is trying to end up with". The
individual components of a circular argument will
sometimes be logically valid because if the premises are true,
the conclusion must be true, and will not lack relevance.
Circular logic cannot prove a conclusion because, if the
conclusion is doubted, the premise which leads to it will also
be doubted. Begging the question is a form of circular
reasoning
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Universal example:
“Willington is in New Zealand
therefore Willington is in New
New Zealand”
The Crucible: “that no
uncorrupted man should fear
the court”

-
Danforth
Act 3 scene 3



“How do you know you are not a witch…since
you can’t prove you aren’t a witch then you are
one… could be hurting an innocent person…
fearful of doing so”
-Procter
Act 2 scene 2


The picture states in a circular fashion.
“The bible is true, because it says the bible is
true.