Boundless Lecture Slides
Available on the Boundless Teaching Platform
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless Teaching
Platform
Boundless empowers educators to engage their students
with affordable, customizable textbooks and intuitive
teaching tools. The free Boundless Teaching Platform
gives educators the ability to customize textbooks in
more than 20 subjects that align to hundreds of popular
titles. Get started by using high quality Boundless books,
or make switching to our platform easier by building from
Boundless content pre-organized to match the assigned
textbook. This platform gives educators the tools they
need to assign readings and assessments, monitor
student activity, and lead their classes with pre-made
teaching resources.
Using Boundless Presentations
The Appendix
The appendix is for you to use to add depth and
breadth to your lectures. You can simply drag and
drop slides from the appendix into the main
presentation to make for a richer lecture
experience.
Get started now at:
http://boundless.com/teaching-platform
Free to edit, share, and copy
Feel free to edit, share, and make as many copies
of the Boundless presentations as you like. We
encourage you to take these presentations and
make them your own.
If you have any questions or problems please email:
educators@boundless.com
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
About Boundless
Boundless is an innovative technology company making education more affordable and
accessible for students everywhere. The company creates the world’s best open educational
content in 20+ subjects that align to more than 1,000 popular college textbooks. Boundless
integrates learning technology into all its premium books to help students study more efficiently
at a fraction of the cost of traditional textbooks. The company also empowers educators to
engage their students more effectively through customizable books and intuitive teaching tools
as part of the Boundless Teaching Platform. More than 2 million learners access Boundless free
and premium content each month across the company’s wide distribution platforms, including its
website, iOS apps, Kindle books, and iBooks. To get started learning or teaching with
Boundless, visit boundless.com.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction > Asexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
• Asexual Reproduction
• Natural and Artificial Methods of Asexual Reproduction
• Plant Life Spans
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
www.boundless.com/biology
Plant Reproduction > Asexual Reproduction
Asexual Reproduction
• Asexual reproduction produces individuals that are genetically identical to the
parent plant.
• Roots such as corms, stem tubers, rhizomes, and stolon undergo vegetative
reproduction.
• Some plants can produce seeds without fertilization via apomixis where the ovule
or ovary gives rise to new seeds.
• Advantages of asexual reproduction include an increased rate of maturity and a
sturdier adult plant.
• Asexual reproduction can take place by natural or artificial means.
Roots
View on Boundless.com
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/plant-reproduction-32/asexual-reproduction-191/asexual-reproduction-72811957
Plant Reproduction > Asexual Reproduction
Natural and Artificial Methods of Asexual Reproduction
• In natural asexual reproduction, roots can give rise to new plants, or plants can
propagate using budding or cutting.
• In grafting, part of a plant is attached to the root system of another plant; the two
unite to form a new plant containing the roots of one and the stem and leaf
structure of the other.
• Cutting is the process in which the stem of a plant is placed in moist soil or water
to generate a new root system.
• In layering, part of the plant's stem is bent down and covered with soil; this stem
can generate a new root system and, therefore, an entirely new plant.
• Micropropagation is the process in which part of a plant is placed in plant culture
Runners: asexual reproduction
View on Boundless.com
medium and provided with all the hormones and nutrients it needs in order to
generate new plants.
• When part of a plant is placed in plant culture medium and provided with all the
hormones and nutrients it needs, it can generate new plants; this is known as
micropropagation.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/plant-reproduction-32/asexual-reproduction-191/natural-and-artificial-methodsof-asexual-reproduction-729-11958
Plant Reproduction > Asexual Reproduction
Plant Life Spans
• The life span of a plant is the length of time it takes from the beginning of
development until death, while the life cycle is the series of stages between the
germination of the seed until the plant produces its own seeds.
• Annuals complete their life cycle in one season; biennials complete their life cycle
in two seasons; and perennials complete their life cycle in more than two
seasons.
• Monocarpic plants flower only once in their lifetime, while polycarpic plants flower
more than once.
• Plant survival depends on changing environmental conditions, drought, cold, and
Plant life spans
View on Boundless.com
competition.
• Senescence refers to aging of the plant, during which components of the plant
cells are broken down and used to support the growth of other plant tissues.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
www.boundless.com/biology/textbooks/boundless-biology-textbook/plant-reproduction-32/asexual-reproduction-191/plant-life-spans-730-11960
Appendix
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Key terms
• annual a plant which naturally germinates, flowers, and dies in one year
• apomixis process of reproduction in which plants produce seeds without fertilization
• biennial a plant that requires two years to complete its life cycle
• cutting placing part of a stem containing nodes or internodes in water or moist soil in order to produce new plants
• grafting process of attaching part of a stem from one plant onto the root of another plant
• layering a method of plant propagation in which a bent stem is covered with soil in order to generate new roots
• micropropagation practice of rapidly multiplying plant material to produce a large number of progeny plants using plant tissue
culture methods
• monocarpic a plant that flowers and bears fruit only once before dying
• perennial a plant that is active throughout the year or survives for more than two growing seasons
• polycarpic bearing fruit repeatedly, or year after year
• senescence aging of a plant; accumulated damage to macromolecules, cells, tissues, and organs with the passage of time
• stolon a shoot that grows along the ground and produces roots at its nodes; a runner
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Apomyxis
Vegetative apomixis in Poa bulbosa; in this type of asexual reproduction, the flowers are replaced by bubils or other vegetative structures which
frequently germinate while still on the plant.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Wikipedia. "Poa bulbosa, vegetative apomixis." CC BY-SA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Poa_bulbosa,_vegetative_apomixis.jpg View on Boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Vegetative Reproduction
A bulb of Muscari has reproduced vegetatively underground to make two bulbs, each of which produces a flower stem.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Wikipedia. "Muscari displaying vegetative reproduction." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Muscari_displaying_vegetative_reproduction.JPG View on
Boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Roots
Different types of stems allow for asexual reproduction.(a) The corm of a garlic plant looks similar to (b) a tulip bulb, but the corm is solid tissue, while the
bulb consists of layers of modified leaves that surround an underground stem.Both corms and bulbs can self-propagate, giving rise to new plants.(c)
Ginger forms masses of stems called rhizomes that can give rise to multiple plants.(d) Potato plants form fleshy stem tubers.Each eye in the stem tuber
can give rise to a new plant.(e) Strawberry plants form stolons: stems that grow at the soil surface or just below ground and can give rise to new plants
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Connexions. "Asexual Reproduction." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/?collection=col11448/latest View on Boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Runners: asexual reproduction
A stolon, or runner, is a stem that runs along the ground.At the nodes, it forms adventitious roots and buds that grow into a new plant.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Connexions. CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/Figure_32_03_02.jpg View on Boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Grafting
Grafting is an artificial method of asexual reproduction used to produce plants combining favorable stem characteristics with favorable root
characteristics.The stem of the plant to be grafted is known as the scion, and the root is called the stock.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Connexions. CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/Figure_32_03_03.jpg View on Boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Layering
In layering, a part of the stem is buried so that it forms a new plant.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Connexions. CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/Figure_32_03_04.jpg View on Boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Plant senescence
The autumn color of these Oregon Grape leaves is an example of programmed plant senescence.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Wikipedia. "Oregongrapeleaves." Public domain http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Oregongrapeleaves.jpg View on Boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Plant life spans
The bristlecone pine, shown here in the Ancient Bristlecone Pine Forest in the White Mountains of eastern California, has been known to live for 4,500
years.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Connexions. CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/Figure_32_03_06.jpg View on Boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following describes the difference between apomixis
and vegetative reproduction?
A) Vegetative reproduction involves the production of seeds and apomixis
does not.
B) Vegetative reproduction involves fertilization and apomixis does not.
C) Apomixis results in clones of the parent, and vegetative reproduction
results in diverse offspring.
D) Apomixis involves the production of seeds and vegetative reproduction
does not.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following describes the difference between apomixis
and vegetative reproduction?
A) Vegetative reproduction involves the production of seeds and apomixis
does not.
B) Vegetative reproduction involves fertilization and apomixis does not.
C) Apomixis results in clones of the parent, and vegetative reproduction
results in diverse offspring.
D) Apomixis involves the production of seeds and vegetative reproduction
does not.
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following is a natural method of asexual
reproduction?
A) grafting
B) micropropagation
C) layering
D) budding
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following is a natural method of asexual
reproduction?
A) grafting
B) micropropagation
C) layering
D) budding
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following describes the artificial method of cutting?
A) part of the stem containing nodes is placed in moist soil or water
B) new plants arise from adventitious roots or runners
C) part of a plant is sterilized and placed in a culture medium
D) the stem from one plant is attached to the root of another plant
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following describes the artificial method of cutting?
A) part of the stem containing nodes is placed in moist soil or water
B) new plants arise from adventitious roots or runners
C) part of a plant is sterilized and placed in a culture medium
D) the stem from one plant is attached to the root of another plant
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Plant Reproduction
A plant that flowers only once in its lifetime is called
____________.
A) polycarpic
B) monocarpic
C) annual
D) biennial
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
A plant that flowers only once in its lifetime is called
____________.
A) polycarpic
B) monocarpic
C) annual
D) biennial
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Plant Reproduction
A plant that completes its life cycle in two or more seasons is
called a _______________.
A) annual
B) biennial
C) perennial
D) polycarpic
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
A plant that completes its life cycle in two or more seasons is
called a _______________.
A) annual
B) biennial
C) perennial
D) polycarpic
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following characteristics describes the process of
plant aging?
A) breakdown of abscissic acid
B) breakdown of chloroplasts
C) photosynthetic efficiency
D) application of cytokinins
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following characteristics describes the process of
plant aging?
A) breakdown of abscissic acid
B) breakdown of chloroplasts
C) photosynthetic efficiency
D) application of cytokinins
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following describes a plant that flowers more than
once in its lifetime and completes its life cycle in two seasons?
A) monocarpic and biennial
B) monocarpic and annual
C) polycarpic and perennial
D) polycarpic and biennial
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
Which of the following describes a plant that flowers more than
once in its lifetime and completes its life cycle in two seasons?
A) monocarpic and biennial
B) monocarpic and annual
C) polycarpic and perennial
D) polycarpic and biennial
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Boundless - LO. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com/
Plant Reproduction
Attribution
• Connexions. "Asexual Reproduction." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/?collection=col11448/latest
• Wikipedia. "Plant reproduction." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_reproduction
• Wikibooks. "Botany/Plant reproduction." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Botany/Plant_reproduction
• Wiktionary. "stolon." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/stolon
• Wiktionary. "apomixis." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/apomixis
• Connexions. "Asexual Reproduction." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/?collection=col11448/latest
• Connexions. "Asexual Reproduction." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/?collection=col11448/latest
• Wikipedia. "Plant reproduction." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plant_reproduction
• Boundless Learning. "Boundless." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://www.boundless.com//biology/definition/grafting
• Wiktionary. "layering." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/layering
• Wiktionary. "cutting." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/cutting
• Wikipedia. "micropropagation." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/micropropagation
• Connexions. "Asexual Reproduction." CC BY 3.0 http://cnx.org/content/m44725/latest/?collection=col11448/latest
• Wiktionary. "senescence." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/senescence
• Wiktionary. "polycarpic." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/polycarpic
• Wiktionary. "monocarpic." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/monocarpic
• Wiktionary. "perennial." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/perennial
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com
Plant Reproduction
• Wiktionary. "biennial." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/biennial
• Wiktionary. "annual." CC BY-SA 3.0 http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/annual
Free to share, print, make copies and changes. Get yours at www.boundless.com