NFPA 72
Mass Notification Regulations
November 10, 2011
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specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this
presentation.
November 10, 2011
NFPA
Background
NFPA 72, 2007
• Mass Notification Systems
• Provide “real-time information and instructions to
people in a building, area, site, or installation using
intelligible voice communications along with visible
signals, text, and graphics, and possibly including tactile
or other communication methods”
DoD UFC 4-021-01
NFPA 72, 2010
• Approved by ANSI in 2009
• Chapter 24
– Emergency Communications Systems (ECS)
• ECS = EVACS + MNS
NFPA 72, 2010
• Chapter 24 establishes “Minimum required levels of
performance, reliability, and quality of installation for ECS
but does not establish the only methods by which these
requirements are to be achieved.”
– Ex: Controls, Ancillary Functions, Pathway Survivability, and…
– Voice Evacuation Messages:
• Sound System Requirements
NFPA 72, 2010
• Intelligible Voice Messages
“Emergency communications
systems shall be capable of the
reproduction of prerecorded,
synthesized, or live messages with
voice intelligibility”
Speech Intelligibility
• Intelligible Voice Messages
• “Intelligible”
• Metrics:
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Common Intelligibility Scale (CIS)
Speech Transmission Index (STI)
Speech Transmission Index for Public Address (STI-PA)
RApid Speech Transmission Index (RASTI)
Articulation Index (AI)
AlCons (Percent Articulation of Consonants)
Speech Intelligibility
• Speech Transmission Index & Common Intelligibility Scale
 Commonly used metrics
 0.50 STI = 0.70 CIS
Example: STI
Speech Intelligibility
“The intelligibility of an emergency communication
system is considered acceptable if at least 90 percent of
the measurement locations within each ADS
(acoustically distinguishable space) have a measured STI
of not less than 0.45 (0.65 CIS) and an average STI of not
less than 0.50 STI (0.70 CIS).”
-NFPA 2010 Annex D
Example: STI
Acoustically Distinguishable Spaces
Acoustically Distinguishable Spaces
“distinguished from other spaces due to acoustical,
environmental or use characteristics, such as
reverberation time and ambient sound pressure level”
Acoustically Distinguishable Spaces
MIT Sloan School of Management, Bruner/Cott Architects and Planners
Acoustically Distinguishable Spaces
Logan Airport, Terminal A, HOK
Acoustically Distinguishable Spaces
Phillips Academy, Paresky Commons, Schwartz/Silver Architects
3-Legged Approach
Room Acoustics
Room Acoustics
Room Acoustics
Room Acoustics
HVAC Noise Control
HVAC Noise Control
HVAC Noise Control
HVAC Noise Control
Sound Systems
Loudspeakers
Miami International Airport: Terminal H Improvements, Rodriguez and
Quiroga Architects; South Terminal Expansion, Borrelli + Partners
Sound Systems
Sound Systems
Sound Systems
Sound Systems
Understanding the Tools
Sound Systems
Loudspeakers
• Specifications
• Types
– Horns
– Full-range “Box” Enclosures
Sound Systems
• Types (cont.)
– Steerable Column Loudspeakers
– Line Arrays
Sound Systems
Mixers
Digital Signal Processing (DSP)
Amplifiers
Sound Systems
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
3D Computer Modeling
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
3D Computer Modeling
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
3D Computer Applications
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EASE
Bose Modeler
CATT-Acoustic
Odeon
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Results/Calculated metrics:
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Direct SPL
STI (Speech Transmission Index)
Total SPL
D/R Ratio
RASTI
Privacy Index
Loudspeaker Overlap
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Case Study:
Rodriguez and Quiroga Architects, Homestead City Hall (unbuilt)
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Identifying Potential Problem Areas
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Creating Solutions
Speech Intelligibility Prediction
Intelligibility Measurement
Speech Intelligibility Measurement
Intelligibility Measurement
Plymouth State Ice Arena, Sasaki Associates
Questions?
Thank you for your time.
November 10, 2011