Audio Video
Production
History of
American
Broadcasting
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
1
Broadcasting:
A Young Media
In
Pittsburgh
PA
1700’s
1837
1876
1920
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
1948
2
Television Development
1920’s
1926
1928
• Many companies experimenting with
and developing TV.
• Philo T. Farnsworth (American)
experimented with electronic TV—
stream of electrons.
• Vladimir Zworykin develop/refines
iconoscope tube.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
3
Television Development
1928
1st TV Drama
broadcast
1931
Regularly scheduled
TV begins
1935
Electronic TV is
demonstrated to the
press
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
4
Television Development
1936
Germany: televises Olympics.
Britain: few hours of regular
programming a day.
1939
The TV is presented at the New
York World’s Fair.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
5
Television Development
1941
1942
1945
FCC
authorizes
TV
broadcast.
15 hours of
programming
each week.
150
applications
for TV
stations
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
6
Color Television
19321945
• Experimentation with color during
WWII
1946
• Non-compatible mechanical color
system is presented.
1947
• FCC refuses color request.
1948
• 50 TV stations on air, 124 authorized.
• FCC establishes a four year freeze on
new TV licenses.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
7
Color Television
1950
• Korean War slows color TV progress.
• FCC announces mechanical color system.
• Negative response from stations and the public.
1951
• National Television System Committee (NTSC)
explores color.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
8
Cable Television
1950
• Community
Antenna
Television
1952
• Coaxial cable is
installed in large
cities, reducing
ghosting.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
9
Color Television
1952
1953
FCC lifts TV freeze
FCC approves
NTSC compatible
electronic color
system
FCC approves UHF
Old TV’s don’t get
UHF
Ruling: all new TV’s
must have both
VHF and UHF
Korean War ends
10
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
Video Recorders
1956
Videotaping is
demonstrated
1963
A home VTR
costs $995
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
11
Television
1950’s
1952
1960
1960’s
Live dramatic series.
Rampant growth in TV, from 108 in ‘52…
…to 522 stations. 90% of homes have TVs.
Large variety of TV programs.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
12
Television
1966
• All 3 networks have color.
1967
• Public Broadcasting Act of
1967 authorizes the
Corporation for Public
Broadcasting.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
13
Television
1980
1% of homes
have VCRs.
Camcorder is
sold to
consumers
1984
Stereo AM &
TV.
FCC begins
deregulation.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
14
Cable Television
1972
• FCC ends ban on cable TV in large
cities.
• Beginning of “Pay TV” for cable.
1977
• Two-way cable in Columbus, Ohio.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
15
Cable Television
1980
1981
1987
1998
• Cable news stations begin
• Music videos on cable
• 50% of homes with TV have cable
• Digital compression used in cable
• More than 30% (around 22.9 million) of U.S.
cable receive digital cable service
2004
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
16
Digital Television
1997
• DVD introduced.
• FCC rules: all U.S. SDTV stations must
be DTV by 2006, now 2009.
1999
• Stations begin broadcasting Digital TV and wide screen
HDTV.
2004
• More than 1000 US TV stations broadcast digital
signal.
• 3 million HDTV sets in homes.
• All manufactured sets 36” and larger must have a
digital tuner.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
17
Digital Television
2006
2009
1000+ U.S.
digital TV stations
on the air.
Broadcast TV in
U.S. goes all
digital.
Consumers buy
HDTV sets in
significant
numbers.
Most analog TV
transmitters shut
down.
2010
3-D TV sets
go on sale
in U.S.
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
18
What about the future?
Copyright © Texas Education Agency, 2012. All rights reserved.
Images and other multimedia content used with permission.
19