Kingdom Protista
Kingdom Protista
• Eukaryotic
• “Catch-all” Kingdom
• Contains organisms that resemble
organisms in the kingdoms animalia,
plantae, and fungi.
• Can be autotrophs or heterotrophs.
• Can be unicellular or multicellular.
Animal-like Protists: Protozoans
What’s a
flagella????
• Phylum Zoomastigina (Zooflagellates)
– Swim using one or two flagella
– Absorb food through the cell membrane
– Reproduce asexually (mitosis) or sexually
– Live in lakes, or streams, can be parasitic
A temporary
Animal-like Protists: Protozoans
cytoplasmic
extension
• Phylum Sarcodina (Sarcodines) –
What is a
– Move and feed by using a pseudopod.
vacuole???
– Movement is called “amoeboid movement”
– Contain a food vacuole.
– Reproduce asexually (mitosis)
– Most common example: amoeba
Animal-like Protists: Protozoans
• Phylum Ciliophora (Ciliates) –
Small hairWhat is
like
conjugation??
projections
?
– Feed and move using cilia
– Reproduce by conjugation
– Live in fresh and salt water, can be parasitic.
– Common example: paramecium
Animal-like Protists: Protozoans
• Phylum Sporozoa (Sporozoans) –
– Do not move on their own
– Parasitic
– Have a complex life cycle that involves more
than one host.
Fungus–like Protists
• Heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from
dead or decaying matter.
• Lack chitin in cell walls.
A carbohydrate
• 2 types:
found in the
– Slime molds
– Water molds
cell wall of
fungal
organisms
Plant-like Protists: Unicellular
Algae
• Phylum Euglenozoa (Euglenophytes)
Specialized cell wall
– Have two flagella
– Have a pellicle
– Have an eyespot that directs light to
chloroplast
– Reproduce asexually
Plant-like Protists: Unicellular
Algae
• Phylum Chrysophyta (Chrysophytes)
– Have gold-colored chloroplasts
– Store food in the form of oil instead of starch
– Reproduce sexually and asexually
Plant-like Protists: Unicellular
The main
Algae
component of
• Phylum Heterokontophyta (Diatoms)
glass
– Have cell walls made of silicon
– Shaped like two sides of a petri dish
Plant-like Protists: Unicellular
Algae
• Phylum Dinoflagellata (Dinoflagellates)
– 50% autotrophs, 50% heterotrophs
– Have two flagella
They glow!!!
– Reproduce asexually
– Many are luminescent
– Can cause “red tide”
Plant-like Protists: Red, Brown &
Green Algae
• Phylum Rhodophyta (Red Algae)
– Live at great depths
– Contain reddish accessory pigments called
phycobillins
– Mostly multicellular
– Contain flagella
Plant-like Protists: Red, Brown &
Green Algae
• Phylum Phaeophyta (Brown Algae)
– Contains brown accessory pigment called
fucoxanthin.
– Largest and most complex algae
– Multicellular
– Most are marine
– Largest algae – giant kelp
Plant-like Protists: Red, Brown &
Green Algae
• Phylum Chlorophyta (Green Algae)
Switch
– Share many characteristics with plants
between
haploid and
– Found in fresh and salt water
diploid stages
– Most live most of life as unicellularduring their
life cycle
– Reproduce through a process called
alternation of generations
Human Uses of Algae
• Produce much of the Earth’s oxygen through
photosynthesis
• Chemicals in algae are used to treat stomach
ulcers, high blood pressure and arthritis
• Used to make sushi rolls, ice cream, salad
dressing, pudding, candy bars, pancake syrup
and eggnog
• Used to make plastics, waxes, transistors,
deodorants, paints, lubricants and artificial
wood.