NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Main Ideas
• New Immigrants come to
America.
–Many were from Southern and
Eastern Europe.
–Often unskilled, poor, Catholic or
Jewish.
–Settled in cities.
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Main Ideas
Immigrants Decide to Leave Home
• Push Factors
–Famine
–Wars
–Religious persecution
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Main Ideas
Immigrants Decide to Leave Home
• Pull Factors
–Inexpensive land
–Employment opportunities.
–Freedom of religion
–“American Dream”
–Family/friends already in US
NOTE TAKING
Reading Skill: Main Ideas
The Immigrant Experience
– The long Journey
• Traveled in steerage
• Often fell ill: Had to go back.
– Immigrants Arrive at American Ports
• Arrived at Ellis Island or Angel
Island
• To stay, immigrants had to be
healthy and prove they had money,
a skill, or a sponsor.
Reading Skill: Main Ideas
Opportunities
and Challenges
in America
NOTE TAKING
– Immigrants Assimilate into Society
• Settled into ethnic neighborhoods
• Were encouraged to blend into society.
– New Immigrants face hostility
• Nativism
– Immigrants Change America
• Fueled industrial growth (Workers)
• Elected politicians.
CHART
Immigration, 1870-1910
Immigrant Pic
Immigrants from Europe
• Had to undergo a physical exam.
• Immigrants with contagious
diseases, faced quarantine.
• Urban neighborhoods dominated
by one ethnic or racial group of
immigrants were called ghettos.
Immigrants arrive at EI
Medical Inspection pic
st
1
view of NY
TRANSPARENCY
Chinatown
ANALYZE
Political Cartoons: Keeping Foreigners Out
PM
TRANSPARENCY
Progress Monitoring Transparency
Immigrants from Asia
• Immigrants who entered on the:
East CoastEuropean (JOBS)
West CoastAsian
• Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882prohibited Chinese laborers from
entering the country (repealed 1943).
Immigrants from Mexico
• Laws limited immigration from
Europe and Asia, labor shortages
increased Mexican immigration.
• Increase in irrigation in the West
led to an increase of immigrants.
Immigration Map
Current Immigration Map
Assessment
Economically, immigrants:
a.Competed for industrial jobs.
b.Depressed (lowered) wages.
c.Provided the source of labor for
rapidly expanding industries.
d.All of the above.
Assessment
Economically, immigrants:
a.Competed for industrial jobs.
b.Depressed (lowered) wages.
c.Provided the source of labor for
rapidly expanding industries.
d.All of the above.
Assessment
The “New Immigrant” who came to the US after 1880:
a) Have experience with democratic governments
b) Are numerous but never constitute a majority of the
immigrants in any given year
c) Are culturally different from previous immigrants
d) Receive a warm welcome from the “Old Immigrants”
Assessment
The “New Immigrant” who came to the US after 1880:
a) Have experience with democratic governments
b) Are numerous but never constitute a majority of the
immigrants in any given year
c) Are culturally different from previous immigrants
d) Receive a warm welcome from the “Old Immigrants”
City Growth Chart
How Cities Grew
• Population increased both from
immigrants and former farmers.
• Suburbs began to develop as
transportation improved.
• Innovations in elevators and steel led to
the development of skyscrapers.
The Results of City Growth
As cities swelled in size, politicians and
workers struggled to keep up with the
demands of growth to provide water,
sewers, schools, and safety.
American innovators stepped up to the
task by developing new technologies
to improve living conditions
Growing cities faced many problems
• Caused by overcrowding and poverty.
As immigrants and rural migrants
arrived, they crowded into
neighborhoods that already seemed
to be overflowing.
• Housing conditions deteriorated, and
risks arose from fire, crime, conflict,
and lack of sanitation.
Urban Living Conditions
Chapter 15, Section 3
The Results of City Growth
• Rapidly growing cities were difficult to
govern.
• Political machine—an unofficial
organization designed to keep a
particular group in power.
• Controlled the politics in most major
cities.
Political Machines
• Received most support from
immigrants.
• Immigrants received jobs,
housing, and support from
political machines in exchange
for voting for the political
machine’s candidate.
•
Political Cartoon
Assessment
What caused the birth of the political machine?
A) Different interest groups wanted control of the city’s resources.
B) The urban poor needed political advocates.
C) The political machines organized the new transportation technologies.
D) Political machines helped keep voting honest.
What first enabled people to move out to the suburbs?
A) railroads
B) subways
C) new construction
D) horse-drawn carriages
Assessment
What caused the birth of the political machine?
A) Different interest groups wanted control of the city’s resources.
B) The urban poor needed political advocates.
C) The political machines organized the new transportation technologies.
D) Political machines helped keep voting honest.
What first enabled people to move out to the suburbs?
A) railroads
B) subways
C) new construction
D) horse-drawn carriages
CHART
U.S. Literacy Rates, 1870-1920
TRANSPARENCY
Educating Americans