CHEMISTRY- Phases,
Phase Changes & Physical
Changes
BY: BRIANNA SHIELDS
DO NOW
• Work with your lab partner to list as
many observations as possible of the
item on the front counter
• The group with the most observations
will earn a biobuck
GOAL
• To identify physical properties and
physical changes
• To discuss the states of matter and the
terms relative to changes of state
Physical Properties of Matter
• Matter
• Anything that has mass &
takes up space
• Physical
Property
• Characteristic of matter that is
observed without changing its
identity
Describing Physical Properties
• Describe the object on the front counter
• Use as many descriptions of its physical
properties as possible
• Group with the greatest number of
different properties (qualities) receives a
biobuck
Physical Properties of Matter
• Examples of
physical properties
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Mass
Weight
Volume
Density
Color
Shape
Hardness
Texture
Phase
Temperature
Physical Properties of Matter
• Mass
• Definition: The amount of
matter in an object
Physical Properties of Matter
• Weight
• Definition: Amount of
gravitational pull on an
object
Physical Properties of Matter
• Volume
• Definition: The amount of
space an object takes up
Physical Properties of Matter
• Density
• Definition: The number of
particles packed into a
space (m/v)
Physical Properties of Matter
• Color
• Definition: The wavelength
of light reflected from an
object
Physical Properties of Matter
• Shape
• Definition: Describes the
outer edges or outline of
the object
Physical Properties of Matter
• Hardness
• Definition: The resistance
of a material to being
scratched
Physical Properties of Matter
• Texture
• Definition: Describes the
surface of the object (rough
vs. smooth)
Physical Properties of Matter
• Phase
• Definition: Describes
whether the matter is in
solid, liquid or gaseous
form
Physical Properties of Matter
• Temperature
• Definition: The average
kinetic energy of the
matter’s particles
Assessment
• Pick two pieces of matter from the
front counter
• Describe its physical properties by
filling in the example boxes on your
handout
• When you are finished, raise your
hand to be checked by Mrs. Shields
Physical Changes
• Physical Change
• Changes the physical
appearance of matter
without changing what its
made of
• Is it the same material
before and after the
change?
• Ex: Cutting up a piece of
pepper
Assessment
• Work with your group members to
come up with 5 physical changes of
matter
• List these changes in the proper
space on your handout
• The class will vote on whether your
examples are correct
Examples of physical changes
• Examples
• 1. Carving wood into a
baseball bat
• 2. Dying your hair a different
color
Examples of physical changes
• Examples
• 3. Smashing a rock
• 4. Freezing water
Examples of physical changes
• Examples
• 5. Boiling water
• 6. Sharpening a pencil
Examples of physical changes
• Examples
• 7. Chopping down a tree
• 8. Spilling Milk
Examples of physical changes
• Examples
• 9. Crumpling a paper
• 10. Mowing the lawn
Examples of physical changes
• Examples
• 11. Mixing ingredients
• 12. Tossing a salad
Phase Summary Chart
• Work with a partner to fill in the
phase summary chart
Phases of Matter
• Solid
• 1. Has a definite shape
• 2. Has a definite volume
Phases of Matter
• Solid
• 3. Particles are tightly
packed (can’t move or flow
well)
• 4. Low energy
Phases of Matter
• Liquid
• 1. No definite shape- takes
the shape of the container
• 2. Has a definite volume
Phases of Matter
• Solid
• 3. Particles are packed
loosely and flow slowly
• 4. Average energy
Phases of Matter
• Gas
• 1. No definite shape- takes
shape of container
• 2. No definite volume
Phases of Matter
• Gas
• 3. Particles are spread far
apart- fill all spaces
• 4. Contantly moving and
bumping into eachother
• 5. High energy
Phases of Matter
• Gas
• 6. Particles can be
squeezed in closer
– Bumping into eachother and
walls causes pressure
Phase Website
• Phases of matter at the molecular level
Phase Changes
• Phase
Changes
• Matter such as water can
from phase to phase by
adding or taking away heat
energy
PHASE CHANGE 1
PHASE CHANGE 2
PHASE CHANGE 3
PHASE CHANGE 4
PHASE CHANGE 5
Phase Changes
• Melting
• Solid to liquid
• Must take in heat energy
• M.P of water = 0 C or 32 F
Examples of Melting
Phase Changes
• Freezing
• Liquid to solid
• Must lose heat energy
• F.P of water = 0 C or 32 F
Examples of Freezing
Phase Changes
• Evaporation
• Liquid to gas
• Must gain heat energy
• B.P of water = 100 C or 212
F
Examples of Evaporation
Phase Changes
• Condensation
• Gas to liquid
• Must lose heat energy
Examples of Condensation
Phase Changes
• Sublimation
• Solid skips to gas
• Must gain a lot of heat energy
• Ex:
– Freezer Frost
– Dry Ice
– Cirrus Clouds
Phase Change Website
• Click here to view a phase change
Phase
Change
Diagram
Assessment
• Determine what phase change is the
opposite of evaporation. Explain
Assessment
• What type of phase change is seen in
this picture? Explain what occurs
during this phase change
Assessment
• What type of phase change is seen in
this picture? Explain what occurs
during this phase change
Assessment
• What phase change is the opposite
of freezing? Explain