MS Science TAKS th review for 8 grade Student copy Science Curriculum & Instruction 2. You have a glass beaker filled with a mixture of hot chemicals. The beaker and mixture have a mass of 247 grams. If you want to know the mass of the chemicals only, what should you have done first? A. Pour the chemicals directly on a spring scale. B. Find a very light container that can hold the chemicals. C. Obtain the mass of an empty glass beaker of the same size. D. Separate the chemicals into their individual components. TAKS 1 TEKS 6.4A, 7.4A, 8.4A 3. A student made 3 stacks of books. She leaned identical boards on each stack. She covered one board with waxed paper, one with sandpaper, & one with cloth. She placed a toy car at the top of one board, released it and let it roll until it stopped. She measured the distance the car traveled. She repeated the procedure for the other two boards. What is the independent variable in this investigation? F. G. H. J. The distance the car rolled. The height from which the car was released. The number of books used. The surface of the board. TAKS 1 TEKS 8.2A 4. Which of the following is a safe way to conserve resources in the lab? A. Clean up all equipment at the same time. B. Use older, slightly damaged equipment. C. Carefully measure chemicals. D. Clean up chemical spills quickly. TAKS 1 TEKS 8.1B Trial Speed (m/s) 1 6 2 7 3 6 4 9 5. What is the average speed in m/s of the 4 trials of the toy car the travels down the ramp? F. G. H. J. 6 7 8 9 TAKS 1 TEKS 8.2B Substance Specific heat capacity (J/kg x oC) Aluminum 899 Copper 387 Gold 129 Silver 234 Water 4,184 Wood 176 6. Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from the information shown? A. B. C. D. Most types of matter heat up at the same rate. Most types of matter cool down at the same rate. It takes less energy to heat 1 g of silver then 1 g of gold. It takes more energy to heat 1 g of water then 1 g of copper. TAKS 1 TEKS 6.2D, 7.2D,8.2D 7. At the grocery store, a student looks at a label on a box of oatmeal. The advertisement he saw on TV said that by eating this brand of oatmeal every morning you would lose weight. Are the advertisement’s claims reliable? F. No, no advertisement ever makes reliable claims. G. No, you must diet and exercise to decrease body weight. H. Yes, advertisements that are on TV and labeled on the box are always truthful. J. Yes, eating oatmeal makes people lose weight. TAKS 1 TEKS 8.3B Sunny Days in Spring, TX 40 35 30 25 Days 20 15 10 5 0 Jan Feb March April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec Months 8. The graph shows the average number of days of sunny weather that Spring, Texas has each month for the last 10 years. If the trend continues next year, which month will Spring have the least amount of sunny days? A. B. C. D. December January July September TAKS 1 TEKS 8.4B 9.A student hears a scientist on the news the says he thinks there is life on another planet. What is the most important question that the student should ask in order to critique what the scientist is saying? F. Does the scientist think there is life in other galaxies too? G. What evidence is the scientist basing his statement on? H. Where did the scientist study and go to school? J. Who works for the scientist and helps in his research? TAKS 1 TEKS 8.3A 10.Which of the following scientists was first to suggest that Earth and the other planets in the solar system revolve around the sun? A. B. C. D. Isaac Newton Marie Curie Nicolas Copernicus Galileo TAKS 1 TEKS 8.3C, 8.13A 11. Which of the following questions about frogs could be answered through a scientific investigation? F. Are frogs able to play musical instruments? G. Are some frog species happier than other frog species? H. How do the diets of different frog species differ? J. What kind of dreams do frogs have? TAKS 1 TEKS 6.2A, 7.2A, 8.2A 12. The magnification of the eyepiece on a compound microscope is 10X. The magnification of the objective lens of 100X. What is the total magnification? A. B. C. D. 10X 90X 110X 1,000X TAKS 1 TEKS 6.4A, 7.4A, 8.4A 13.Which of the following objects would make the best model of a blood vessel? F. A steel pipe G. A rubber tube H. A cotton string J. An electrical wire TAKS 1 TEKS 8.3C Population (in billions) World Population Growth 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 1800 1850 Year 1900 1950 2000 14.The graph show world population growth over the last 200 years. If the trend continues the world population will – A. B. C. D. decrease increase, then decrease Increase stay the same TAKS 1 TEKS 8.2C 15. A student is planning an investigation about plants. She says, “Plants grow better in sunlight.” This statement is an example of – F. data G. a hypothesis H. an investigation J. a procedure TAKS 1 TEKS 6.2A, 7.2A, 8.2A 16.You have a bag of cookies that says it contains 34 grams. Which tool would you use to check to be sure that the bag actually contains 34 grams? A. B. C. D. Graduated cylinder Meter stick Triple beam balance Spring scale TAKS 1 TEKS 6.4A, 7.4A, 8.4A 17.Which would be an important piece of safety equipment to use when heating a substance in science lab? F G H J TAKS 1 TEKS 8.1A 18.Nitrogen fertilizer is often added to soil to increase the growth of grass in lawns. Which of these nearby ecosystems would most likely be harmed by the use of nitrogen fertilizer? A. B. C. D. Forest Meadow Park Pond TAKS 2 TEKS 8.12C 19.Which type of diagram provides the most information about the feeding relationship among organisms in an ecosystem? F. G. H. J. Food chain Food web Energy chain Energy pyramid TAKS 2 TEKS 8.6C 20.The diagram shows the natural pattern of an ecosystem changing over time. This is known as – A. B. C. D. mutualism photosynthesis predation succession TAKS 2 TEKS 7.12D 21.What is one way that plant and animal cells are different? F. G. H. J. Plant cells do not have cell membranes. Only animal cells contain cytoplasm. Only plant cells contain a nucleus. Only plant cells have cell walls. TAKS 2 TEKS 6.10B 22.Which biome is found around Earth’s North and south Poles? A. B. C. D. Deciduous forest Tropical Rainforest Taiga Tundra TAKS 2 TEKS 7.12C 23.Nerves are made of tissue, so nerves are made of – F. G. H. J. cells organs organ systems organisms TAKS 2 TEKS 6.10C 24.Organisms found living in a tundra would be adapted to live in – A. B. C. D. low altitudes cold conditions sunny conditions wet areas TAKS 2 TEKS 7.12C 25. What occurs during photosynthesis? F. Biomass is converted into chemical energy. G. Heat energy is converted into biomass. H. Chemical energy is transferred into heat energy. J. Solar energy is transferred into chemical energy. TAKS 2 TEKS 7.8B 26.When an organism dies, chemical energy is still stored in its body’s tissues. Energy is released from the body through the process of – A. B. C. D. decomposition differentiation osmosis photosynthesis TAKS 2 TEKS 6.8B B b b ? ? B ? ? 27.The Punnett square shows the genotype of two mice. B represents the allele for brown hair. The allele of white hair is represented by b. What are the possible genotypes of the mice’s offspring? F. G. H. J. BB only Bb only BB and bb BB, bb and Bb TAKS 2 TEKS 7.10C, 8.11C 28.When a baby kangaroo is born, the first thing is does is crawl into its mother’s pouch. What type of behavior is the baby kangaroo exhibiting? A. B. C. D. Innate behavior Learned behavior Emotional behavior Both innate and learned behavior TAKS 2 TEKS 8.11B 29. How does the respiratory system interact with the muscular system? F. The muscular system produces blood which is needed by the lungs to work. G. The muscular system makes mucus for the trachea. H. The respiratory system provides the oxygen needed by the muscles to work. J. The respiratory system causes the muscles to movement. TAKS 2 TEKS 8.6A 30.The circulatory system carries oxygen and nutrients to every cell in an animals body. Which part of the system is needed to carry the oxygen out to the rest of the body? A. B. C. D. Arteries Heart Lungs Veins TAKS 2 TEKS 6.5B 31.The skull is part of the skeletal system in an animal. One of the functions of the skeletal system is to protect soft body parts. The skull’s structure helps to perform this function because the skull – F. has marrow, which produce blood cells G. has sharp teeth, which the animal uses to eat H. is flexible, which allows the brain to continue growing. J. is hard, which protects the brain from being TAKS injured. 2 TEKS 6.5B 32.What is taken in by a plant as part of photosynthesis? A. B. C. D. Carbon dioxide Chemical energy Oxygen Sulfur TAKS 2 TEKS 8.6B Grams of water 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 0 10 20 30 40 50 oC 33. Predict how many grams of water the atmosphere could hold at 500 C. F. 25 g G. 35 g H. 52 g J. 62 g TAKS 2 TEKS 8.10B 34.How do consumers interact with producers in an ecosystem? A. B. C. D. Producers eat consumers Consumers eat producers Producers decompose consumers Decomposers produce consumers TAKS 2 TEKS 7.12B 35.A forest ecosystem has an increase in rainfall so more wildflowers grow. The wildflowers support a greater number of butterflies. Lizards in the forest eat butterflies. The lizard population will most likely be affected by the increase in the butterfly population by the size of the lizard population – F. G. H. J. decreasing decreasing then increasing increasing staying the same TAKS 2 TEKS 8.11A T t T ? ? t ? ? 36. The Punnett square shows the genotype of two rose parents. T represents the allele for large thorns. The allele for small thorns is represented by t. What are the possible genotypes of the rose’s offspring? A. B. C. D. Tt only Tt and tt TT and Tt TT, Tt and tt TAKS 2 TEKS 8.11C 37. Humans brought domesticated cats to the island of Madagascar. Several types of ground-nesting birds became extinct after the cats arrived. Which kind of threat to native animals is this an example of? F. G. H. J. Foreign animal trade Habitat destruction Species introduction Unregulated hunting TAKS 2 TEKS 8.14B 38.All of the populations living within an area make up a(n) – A. B. C. D. community ecosystem organism species TAKS 2 TEKS 6.10C, 8.6C 39. What type of energy is transferred into chemical energy in the process of photosynthesis? F. G. H. J. chemical kinetic potential radiant TAKS 3 TEKS 7.8B 40.Which of the following elements would be the best conductor? A. Au B. C C. Ne D. S TAKS 3 TEKS 8.9B 41. Which two elements are most similar? F. H and O G. Fe and Co H. Li and F J. Mg and Sr TAKS 3 TEKS 8.9B 42.The formula that represents sodium chloride, commonly known as salt, is – A. B. C. D. H 2O NaCl SaLt SoCh TAKS 3 TEKS 8.9C 43. This Bohr model represents the element – F. G. H. J. Carbon Fluorine Oxygen Neon TAKS 3 TEKS 8.8A 44.What part of the oxygen atom contains neutral particles? A. B. C. D. Electrons Electron clouds Isotopes Nucleus TAKS 3 TEKS 8.8A, 8.8B 45.Which of the following must be the same for every atom of the element hydrogen? F. G. H. J. Atomic mass Number of electrons Number of neutrons Number of protons TAKS 3 TEKS 8.8A, 8.8B 46.You find an object that is shiny and solid. It conducts heat and electricity. How would the object be classified? A. B. C. D. noble gas non-metal metal halogen TAKS 3 TEKS 8.9B 47.Which of the following is not a property of an atom? F. G. H. J. Color Electric charge Mass Number of protons TAKS 3 TEKS 8.8A, 8.8B 48. Which of the following changes is not a physical change? A. B. C. D. Beating an egg Making a tossed salad Boiling water Frying an egg TAKS 3 TEKS 6.7B, 8.9A 49. As the stored chemical energy in biomass is decomposed in a compost bin, what is most of the energy converted into? F. G. H. J. Heat Oxygen Soil Water TAKS 3 TEKS 6.8B 50.The tendency of an object at rest to remain at rest or an object in motion to remain in motion is known as – A. B. C. D. friction inertia work zero gravity TAKS 4 TEKS 8.7A 51. A blow dryer transforms – F. electrical energy to potential energy G. electrical energy to thermal energy H. kinetic energy to thermal energy J. thermal energy to heat TAKS 4 TEKS 6.9A 52. A student places a pan of water on a hot plate. All the water becomes hot. What process heats the water at the top of the pan? A. Conduction B. Convection C. Evaporation D. Radiation TAKS 4 TEKS 8.10A 53. A dirt bike rider has a mass of 50 kg. The dirt bike has a mass of 200 kg. How much force is needed to accelerate the rider and the bike to 4 m/s2? F. 2.5 N G. 200 N H. 800 N J. 1,000 N TAKS 4 TEKS 8.7A 54.What causes a rock to accelerate as it falls? A. B. C. D. Air pushing down on the rock. A person throwing it downward. The force of gravity. The speed of the rock. TAKS 4 TEKS 8.7A 55. A boat floats on water because of – F. G. H. J. buoyant force gravity friction magnetism TAKS 4 TEKS 6.7B 56. What type of simple machine is used in the pliers shown? A. B. C. D. Inclined plane Lever Pulley Wheel and axle TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6A 57.Which of the following forces stimulates a seedling’s roots to grow downward? F. G. H. J. Gravity Magnetism Momentum Radioactivity TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6C 58.When a piece of paper burns, chemical energy changes to ____ energy. A. B. C. D. electrical heat and light kinetic and potential mechanical TAKS 4 TEKS 6.9A 59.What simple machine changes the direction of a force without increasing or decreasing the force? F. Inclined plane G. Lever H. Pulley J. Wheel and axle TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6A 60. A space heater transforms – A. B. C. D. electrical energy to heat energy electrical energy to potential energy kinetic energy to thermal energy thermal energy to heat TAKS 4 TEKS 6.9A 61.How much work in joules is done when a 12 N force moves an object 3.3 m? F. G. H. J. 3.64 J 8.7 J 15.3 J 39.6 J TAKS 4 TEKS 8.7A 62.A student is trying to move a large rock in his yard. Which simple machine can best help get the rock off the ground? A. B. C. D. Inclined plane Lever Screw Wheel and axle TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6A 63.The diagram shows a large block held by a pulley system. What type of energy does the block have at this point in time? F. Electrical G. Kinetic H. Potential J. Thermal TAKS 4 TEKS 7.8A 64.When the heart contracts, it pumps blood to other parts of the body. The blood moves because – A. B. C. D. density of the blood increases pressure in the heart increases size of the heart increase temperature of the blood increases TAKS 4 TEKS 7.6C 65. A person changes the oil in their car and dumps the old oil on the ground in an empty lot. How might this affect the environment? F. G. H. J. The oil will evaporate. The oil will not affect the environment. The oil may enter the groundwater and pollute it. The oil may act as a fertilizer for plants. TAKS 5 TEKS 6.14B, 7.14C, 8.14C 66.The tilt of Earth’s axis determines the – A. B. C. D. length of a day length of a year phases of the moon seasons TAKS 5 TEKS 7.13A 67. All of the following are renewable energy resources except – F. G. H. J. falling water fossil fuels sunlight wind TAKS 5 TEKS 7,14C 68. Which of the following is an effect of the increasing use of gasoline-powered vehicles? A. B. C. D. The depletion of a nonrenewable resource. The pollution of a inexhaustible resource. The recycling of a reusable resource. The replenishment of a renewable resource. TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14C 69. The layer of the Earth that covers surface is the – F. crust G. mantle H. inner core J. outer core TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A 70. What effect might cutting down a large forest have on the air in that location? A. Carbon dioxide decreases and oxygen increases. B. Carbon dioxide increases and oxygen decreases. C. Levels of all gases increase. D. Levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide stay the same. TAKS 5 TEKS 6.14C, 8.14C 71. Which of the following is the best evidence that Earth’s continents were once in very different positions than they are today? F. Fossils of tropical plants have been found in Antarctica. G. Major rivers form deltas from erosion. H. Penguins are found only in the Southern Hemisphere. J. Volcanoes surround the Pacific ocean. TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A 72.Early telescopes showed stars as only points of light, while the planets appeared to be much larger, providing evidence that stars must – A. be more plentiful in our solar system than planets. B. be much farther from Earth than planets. C. reflect much more light than planets. D. travel in elliptical orbits like planets. TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 8.13A 73.The Sun is a main sequence, yellow star in the Milky Way galaxy, which is described as a(n)– F. G. H. J. dwarf galaxy elliptical galaxy irregular galaxy spiral galaxy TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13A 74. Stars begin their life cycle in a – A. B. C. D. black hole nebula nova supernova TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13A 75.A land developer cleared all the trees in a neighborhood to be able to build new homes. A direct result of removing trees from the area would be – F. a lower amount of carbon dioxide in the air G. a higher rate of erosion H. an increase in the carnivore population J. a slowdown of the nitrogen cycle TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14C 76.A current carries water from Canada and Alaska to the south along the California coast. How does this current most likely affect California’s climate? A. B. C. D. The current causes floods in California. The current caused droughts in California. The current cools California. The current warms California. TAKS 5 TEKS 8.12B TAKS 5 TEKS 8.12B Iceland 77.How does the Gulf Stream current probably affect Iceland? F. The current carries cold water to Iceland. G. The current causes Iceland’s climate to be warmer. H. The current causes Iceland’s climate to be colder. J. The current prevents sunlight from reaching Iceland. 78.Many weather systems form over oceans. The energy needed to form these weather systems starts from – A. B. C. D. prevailing winds the moon the sun water currents TAKS 5 TEKS 8.10B 79.Astronomers have discovered many differences in stars through their observations. One theory used to explain these differences is that – F. Earth’s atmosphere distorts our view of the stars. G. stars are at different points in their life cycles. H. the distances between stars are huge. J. there is too much light pollution on Earth to study stars. TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13A 80. The type of boundary shown in the diagram is – A. convergent B. divergent C. rift D. transform TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A 81.A rift valley is evidence of which kind of plate boundary? F. Convergent G. Divergent H. Folded J. Transform TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A 82.Earthquake vibrations are detected, measured and recorded by instruments called – A. B. C. D. magnetometers Richter scales seismographs sonargraphs TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14A, 8.7B 83.The type of plate boundary found in Iceland is – F. G. H. J. convergent divergent lateral transform TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A 84.The Eurasian plate and North American plate are moving away from each other. This is causing the Atlantic Ocean to become wider. What other change will this movement most likely cause? A. B. C. D. The destruction of beaches along the coast of Europe. The formation of mountains along the east coast of North America. The Pacific Ocean is becoming smaller in size. The Gulf of Mexico is becoming deeper. TAKS 5 8.14A TEKS 85.The theory of plate tectonics states that Earth’s lithosphere is divided into pieces called plates that are constantly moving. The diagram above shows two plates that are colliding. What landforms result from this action? F. G. H. J. Mountains Plains Plateaus Valleys TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A 86. What lunar phase will occur when the moon is in the position indicated in the model? A. B. C. D. Crescent Full moon Gibbous New moon TAKS 5 TEKS 7.13B, 8.12A 87.The moon can be seen in the night sky because the moon – F. G. H. J. emits its own light produces radiant energy reflects sunlight refracts sunlight TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B, 8.12A 88.When does the Northern Hemisphere experience summer? A. When the length of the day equals the length of the night. B. When the Earth is closest to the sun. C. When the Earth is tilted most on its axis. D. Then the North Pole is tilted toward the sun. TAKS 5 TEKS 7.13A 89.The plates of the Earth’s lithosphere are moved around by – F. winds in the atmosphere G. conduction in the asthenosphere H. convection currents in the ocean J. convection currents in the asthenosphere TAKS 5 TEKS 8.14A 90.The map shows acid rain concentrations across the United States. Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the differences in acid rain concentrations across the country? A. The southwest part of the U.S. produces more solid wastes. B. The southeastern part of the U.S. has the most forests. C. The northeast part of the U.S. burns the most fossil fuels. D. The northwest part of the U.S. used only solar energy. TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14C, 8.14B, 8.14C 91.A meteorite collides with the Earth’s surface. What will be the most likely effect of this collision? F. G. H. J. A crater will form. A convergent plate boundary will form. A divergent plate boundary will form. A volcanic eruption will occur. TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14A 92. Pressure builds up along a fault line and eventually the rocks along the fault shift positions. What will be the effect of this process? A. B. C. D. An earthquake will occur. A hot spot will form. A tsunami will form. A volcanic eruption will occur. TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14A 93.An earthquake would most likely result near which of the following features? F. G. H. J. Cave Fault Plain Valley TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14A 94. Light-years are the most appropriate measurement for which of the following distances? A. The distance between the moon and Earth. B. The distance between the North and South Poles. C. The distance from the sun to the center of the galaxy. D. The distance from Florida to California. TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13B 95. How would the planet most likely be affected if Earth were not tilted on its axis? F. Earth would become very hot on one side. G. Earth would not experience different seasons. H. The length of day and night would be very different. J. The moon would not revolve around the Earth. TAKS 5 TEKS 7.13A 96.Which of the following lunar phases occurs approximately 28 days after a full moon in the lunar cycle? A. B. C. D. Crescent Full moon Gibbous New moon TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B 97.Which of the following causes the moon’s phases to occur? F. G. H. J. The Earth’s rotation on its axis The Earth’s revolution around the sun The moon’s rotation on its axis The moon’s revolution around the Earth. TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B 98.Which of the following conservation practices is the best way to conserve some of the Earth’s nonrenewable resources? A. Recycling newspapers. B. Reusing a paper sack as wrapping paper. C. Turning off the water while brushing your teeth. D. Walking instead of driving in a car. TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14C, 8.14B, 8.14C 99.What is the name of the galaxy we live in? F. G. H. J. Andromeda Beta Milky Way Polaris TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13A 100.The moon’s surface is made up of rocks and dust-like soil. Which is the likely cause of the “soil” on the moon? A. Breakup of rocks from rain and moving water. B. Breakup of rocks when meteors struck the moon. C. Weathering by glaciers. D. Weathering by wind. TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A 101.Which of the following lists is in order from largest to smallest? F. G. H. J. Moon, Earth, Sun, Solar System, Galaxy, Universe Solar System, Galaxy, Universe, Moon, Sun, Earth Universe, Galaxy, Sun, Solar System, Earth, Moon Universe, Galaxy, Solar System, Sun, Earth, Moon TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A 102.Which of the following is a nonrenewable source of energy? A. B. C. D. Wood Coal Water Wind TAKS 5 TEKS 7.14C 103. When the phase of the moon is a full moon, F. the sunlit side of the moon is facing away from Earth G. the sunlit side of the moon is facing the earth H. the sun is not shining on the moon J. the moon is in Earth’s shadow TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B 104.Which of these planets would have the longest revolution around the sun? A. B. C. D. Earth Jupiter Neptune Venus TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 105.Which of the following lists the components in order from smallest to largest? F. G. H. J. Solar system, universe, galaxy Galaxy, solar system, universe Solar system, galaxy, universe Universe, solar system, galaxy TAKS 5 TEKS 8.13A Planet Approximate Time for One Rotation Approximate Time for One Revolution Mercury 59 days 88 days Earth 24 hours 365 days Mars 24.7 hours 687 days Jupiter 10 hours 11.9 years 106.Which of the four planets in the table has the shortest day? A. B. C. D. Earth Mars Mercury Jupiter TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 8.2E You cannot see a new moon because – F. Earth’s axis tilts away from the moon G. The moon has absorbed all the light that hits it H. The moon’s sunlit side is facing away from Earth J. The sun is not shining on the moon TAKS 5 TEKS 6.13A, 7.13B