Modern Architecture - Innovation for Construction and Engineering
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Modern Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp Topics Modern Architecture Modern Architecture: The Chicago School Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright Modern Architecture: European Modernism Modern Architecture The birth of modern architecture came from a realization that the future should not hinge on the past Earlier periods had relied on even earlier periods to gain inspiration Modern architecture wanted to look to the future Modern Architecture: The Chicago School Early Modernism The Chicago School Late 19th and early 20th century Vast building boom in the heart of Chicago in 1885 Great Fire of 1871 had destroyed much of the city Leading architectural teams Burnham and Root Holabird and Roche Adler and Sullivan Modern Architecture: The Chicago School Monadnock Building c. 1889 – 1891 Burnham and Root Client had demanded an extremely simplified appearance Features Tall, elongated building 16 stories Sheer brickwork Very simple with no décor or carvings Modern Architecture: The Chicago School http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: The Chicago School http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: The Chicago School Marquette Building Holabird and Roche 1893 – 1894 Has a modern theme with a hint of the Classical Features Paneling and cornice work at the top Continuous piers that support massive lintels recessed in the center bays Modern Architecture: The Chicago School http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: The Chicago School http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: The Chicago School Walker Warehouse 1888 – 1889 Adler and Sullivan Considered a stripped Romanesque style Lack of rhythms, rustication, and carved ornament Features Twin, arched entranceways Trabeated, flanking bays Modern Architecture: The Chicago School http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright Frank Lloyd Wright The youngest member of the Chicago School Flamboyant personality and a sense of prophetic mission in architecture Studied for two years at the University of Wisconsin as an engineer Decided he did not want to be an engineer Designed the Larkin Building in Buffalo, NY A radical leap into modern architecture Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright Larkin Building Buffalo, NY 1904 Represented a leap into modern architecture from the 19th century Features Rectangular, skylit atrium Reception facilities, lavatories, lockers, and office space Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright Winslow House 1893 Frank Lloyd Wright River Forest, IL A study in contrasts Front of the house was all geometric Rear garden of the house was completely different than the front Shattered the front’s boxlike structure with splintered, aggressive forms Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright Francis W. Little House 1913 Frank Lloyd Wright The grandest of Wright’s early interiors Now installed in the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York City Modern Architecture: Early Frank Lloyd Wright http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: European Modernism Josef Maria Olbrich Viennese architect who built the first modern structure in Vienna, Austria Secession Building One of the founders of the Viennese Secession Architectural movement of modernism in Austria Modern Architecture: European Modernism Secession Building Vienna, Austria 1898 – 1899 Designed for exhibitions Features a sky lighted interior framed by closed outer walls Façade is reminiscent of an Egyptian pylon Modern Architecture: European Modernism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: European Modernism Auguste Perret French architect who used ferroconcrete in an aesthetically pleasing way Alliance of the tensile strength of steel with the compressive resistance of concrete Structures Ponthieu Garage, Paris Le Raincy Church, Near Paris Modern Architecture: European Modernism Ponthieu Garage Paris Façade reflects the concrete post-and-beam construction behind it 1905 Modern Architecture: European Modernism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: European Modernism Le Raincy Church Located near Paris 1912 – 1913 Medieval theme Modern ferroconcrete construction Modern Architecture: European Modernism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html Modern Architecture: European Modernism http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wcapts2.html References Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture Modern Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp
