IPM of tomato and paprika in
glass houses and plastic tunnels
DIFFERENT PRODUCTION
CONDITIONS
•
•
•
•
•
Production time
Temperatures
Humidity
Aeration
Substrate
PREPLANTING ACTIVITIES
• Select variety considering, microclimate,
cropping and pest history and surrounding crops
• Take a preplant soil sample for nutrient and
salinity analysis and for pest presence
• Soil preparation: plowing, field leveling, soil
sterilization, preparation for irrigation
• Monitor seedling production
PLANTING ACTIVITIES
• Before planting inspect young plants for
presence of pests (diseases, insects,
weeds)
• Apply fertilizers and root shields at
planting
• Check surrounding area for pest presence
GRAY MOLD
• CULTURAL MESURES
– Remove infected plants
– Better aeration
– Controlled temperatures
GRAY MOLD
• NATURAL ENEMIES
– Trichoderma
harsianum
– T. viride
• PESTICIDES
– Pirimethanil
– Prosimidon
– Fludioksinil
BACTERIAL CANKER
BACTERIAL CANKER
• CULTURAL MESURES
–
–
–
–
–
Use of healthy seeds
Remove infected plants
Better aeration
Controlled temperatures
Clean equipment to
reduce transfer
– Destruction of crop
residues
• PESTICIDES
– Copper fungicides
WHITEFLIES
• CULTURAL MESURES
– Clean planting material
– Yellow sticky trap
WHITEFLIES
• NATURAL ENEMIES
–
–
–
–
Encarsia formosa
Eretmocerus eremicus
E. mundus
Macrolophus
caliginosus
– Delphastus catalinae
– Amblyseius swirskii
– Verticillium lecanii
• PESTICIDES
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Alpha-cipermetrin
Beta-ciflutrin
Bifentrin
Buprofezin
Oksamil
Triazamat
Pymetrozin
Imidacloprid
Spinosad
APHIDS
• CULTURAL MESURES
– Clean planting material
– Yellow sticky trap
APHIDS
• NATURAL ENEMIES
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Aphidoletes aphidimyza
Adalia bipunctata
Chrisoperla carnea
Episyrphus balteatus
Aphidius colemani
A. ervi
Aphelinus abdominalis
Verticilium lecanii
• PESTICIDES
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Alfa-cipermetrin
Acetamiprid
Dimethoate
Metomil
Oksamil
Thiacloprid
Pymetrozin
Chlorpirifos
Imidacloprid
BEET ARMYWORM
• CULTURAL MESURES
– Pheromone traps
– Light traps
– Scouting for eggs
BEET ARMYWORM
• NATURAL ENEMIES
– Trichogramma
brassicae
– Eulophus sp.
– Cotesia plutellae
– Macrolophu
caliginosus
– Nesidiocoris tenuis
– Bacillus thurigiensis
• PESTICIDES
–
–
–
–
–
–
Alfa-cipermetrin
Lambda-cihalotrin
Novaluron
Diflubenzuron
Methomil
Lufenuron
TOMATO FRUITWORM
• CULTURAL MESURES
– Pheromone traps
– Light traps
– Scouting for eggs
TOMATO FRUITWORM
• NATURAL ENEMIES
– Trichogramma
brassicae
– Eulophus sp.
– Cotesia plutellae
– Macrolophu
caliginosus
– Nesidiocoris tenuis
– Bacillus thurigiensis
• PESTICIDES
–
–
–
–
–
–
Alfa-cipermetrin
Lambda-cihalotrin
Novaluron
Diflubenzuron
Methomil
Lufenuron
LEAF MINERS
• CULTURAL MESURES
– Clean planting material
– Yellow sticky trap
LEAF MINERS
• NATURAL ENEMIES
–
–
–
–
Dacnusa sibirica
Diglyphus isaea
Opius pallipes
Macrolophus
caliginosus
• PESTICIDES
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Alpha-cipermetrin
Beta-ciflutrin
Bifentrin
Ciromazin
Oksamil
Triazamat
Pymetrozin
Imidacloprid
Spinosad
WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS
• CULTURAL
MESURES
– Clean planting
material
– Yellow sticky trap
WESTERN FLOWER THRIPS
• NATURAL ENEMIES
– Orius laevigatus
– O. majusculus
– Macrolophus
caliginosus
– Amblyseius cucumeris
– A. degeneratus
– Verticilium lecanii
• PESTICIDES
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Alpha-cipermetrin
Beta-ciflutrin
Bifentrin
Triazamat
Abamectin
Imidacloprid
Spinosad