Instructions • Use the slides in this presentation to locate, label, and describe the physical features of Australia. • Be sure to create a symbol for each feature that you can use to show where it is on the map. • Be careful and make sure you put the information in the correct area. SOUTH AUSTRALIA New Zealand Symbol Key Mountains Rock Lake Basin Outback Reef Lake Hillier Lake Hillier • Lake Hillier is located on an island off the southeast coast of Western Australia. • From above the lake appears to be a solid bubble gum pink color. It is approximately 600 meters long and is surrounded by a rim of sand and eucalyptus trees. • No one is sure exactly what causes it to have a pink color, but scientist think it could be a dye created by small organisms in the lake or by a bacteria found in the salt crust. Lake Eyre • Lake Eyre is a salt lake located in the deserts of northern South Australia. • When full, it is the largest lake in Australia. • The lake is normally dry, and fills completely only an average of twice in a century, but partial, minor fillings happen much more often. • Lake Eyre is the lowest point in Australia at approximately 15 meters below sea level. The Outback • All of inland Australia and most of north and north-west Australia is generally known as the Outback. • It takes up 2.5 million square miles of land, covering most of the continent. • This huge plain contains multiple deserts, dry grasslands and a harsh climate. • The Outback receives little rain due to a rain shadow caused by the Great Dividing Range. • The area’s harsh features causes it to have a very small population, but several mining camps and cattle and sheep ranches dot the region. Ayers Rock • Ayers Rock is one of the oldest rocks on Earth. This huge, reddish rock is located in the middle of Australia, within the Outback. • "Uluru," as Ayers Rock is called by Aborigines, gets it red color from the iron that rusts at the surface. • Uluru was formed over a period of about 500 million years, and was created when sand piled up on the bottom of an ocean that once covered the middle of Australia. • Over the years, wind and rain have beat at the rock. By now, the flattened top is 1,142 feet above the plains and the base is an amazing 5 miles around! • Aborigines believe the rock has spiritual powers. Great Dividing Range • The Great Dividing Range is Australia’s only substantial mountain range. It stretches across the entire eastern coastline measuring 2,300 miles in length. • This series of plateaus and low mountains creates a rain shadow that produces fertile farmlands on the eastern side of the continent, while the western half has turned into harsh deserts and dry grasslands. • The fertile farmland of the east coast is where most of Australia’s population is located. Great Barrier Reef • The Great Barrier Reef lies off Australia’s northeastern coast. Coral formations have piled up for millions of years to create a colorful chain that stretches 1,250 miles. This make it the largest coral reef in the world! • A coral reef is a structure formed by the skeletons of small sea animals. • The Great Barrier Reef forms a natural break between the strong waves of the Pacific and the coast of Australia. Great Artesian Basin • The Great Artesian Basin is an underground water resource that covers one-fifth of Australia’s land mass. • It is the largest and deepest artesian basin in the world; stretching over 660,00 sq. miles. • The Great Artesian Basin takes up most of Queensland and part of the Northern Territory. • Because water is scarce in this area, Australians use the basin as their main source of water by drilling wells.