Community-based Renewable
Energy towards Sustainable
Grassroots Communities
Engr. Nazario R. Cacayan
Executive Director
Yamog Renewable Energy Development Group, Inc.
Renewable Energy Summit 2011
SM City Cebu, Mandaue City
March 8, 2011

 More than 10% of barangays in
Mindanao are unenergized ( 2008)
 Degradation of forest lands and major watershed
 Abundance of water resources that can be harnessed for micro hydro power generation
 Lack of access to basic social services
 High poverty incidence ( rural areas)

4 in every 10 poor families
 In 2002, among poorest 40% of families, as much as four in every 10 families did not have electricity at home.
 Regions with a bigger proportion (than national average) of poorest families not having electricity:
 Southern Mindanao (incldg Southwestern Mda)
(45.7%)
 Caraga (45.7%)
 Western Mindanao (62.8%)
 Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao
(69.7%)

• Geothermal Resource – 1,200 MW
• Hydropower - 10,500 MW
• Wind resources – 76,600 MW
• Micro-hydro – untapped vast potentials
• Solar Energy – untapped vast potential as a tropical country
• Ocean energy - 170,000 MW
• Biomass (bagasse) total potential of
235.7 MW


Yamog Renewable Energy
Development Group, Inc.
(an NGO, established in 1993)
1. COMMUNITY-BASED
RENEWABLE ENERGY AND
WATER
2. ENVIRONMENT/RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT

Community Development
1. Social preparations/Community capacity Building
 Consultations on renewable energy
 Technical (Operation and maintenance, basic electricity, etc.
 Organizational development (program mgt., finance, tariff setting, energy audit, bookkeeping, conflict resolution, decision making, etc.)

Technology development
• Pre-feasibility/ Feasibility( social, technical and financial)
• System Installation
• Training on Operation and Maintenance
• Monitoring and evaluation

• Watershed Resource Management
Nursery Establishment ( indigenous species and fruit trees)
Outplanting
Monitoring and Evaluation

IMPLEMENTED COMMUNITY-BASED MICRO HYDROPOWER
Megkawayan, Calinan, Davao
City (3kW)
Polocon, Lamanan, Calinan,
Davao City (6kW)
Marahan. Marilog Dist., Davao
City (20kW)
Saloy, Calinan Dist., Davao City
(10kW)
Mabini, Tubajon, Surigao del
Norte (5kW)
Maglahus, Cateel, Davao Oriental
(15kW)
Sangab, Caraga, Davao
Oriental (10kW)
Chua, Bagumbayan, Sultan
Kudarat (12kW)
Lam - alis, Colombio, Sultan
Kudarat (10kW)
Dumalaguing, Impasugong,
Bukidnon (20kW)
Micolabo, Picong, Lanao del Sur
(40kW)
Karim/Minabay, Buldon, Shariff
Kabunsuan (38kW)
Sapad, Matanog, Shariff Kabunsuan
(45kW)
Kirongdong, Magpet, North
Cotabato (20kW)
Malumpeny, Makilala, North
Cotabato (15kW)
Tablo, Lake Sebu, South Cotabato
(12kW)
Upper, Sepaka, Suralla, South
Cotabato (40kW)
Legend:
IP Communities
Muslim
Communities
Christian

Installed about 21 community-based microhydro power systems in Mindanao and Visayas total power generating capacities of 363 kW
( 6 -45 kW) ; average cost = P 150,000-250,000/kW electricity and other productive end uses: milling
2,480 households ( 12,000 population) bundling them together, an estimated total of 1,645 metric tonnes CO
2 annually being avoided

YAMOG Renewable Energy and other Projects
MHP
Solar
Ram pump
Watersystem
20; 47%
1; 2% 1; 2%
21; 49%

7, 35%
YAMOG MHP PROJECTS
8, 40%
5, 25%
IP Muslims Christians

MHP Projects
Power Capacity in kW No. of Households
250
200
150
100
50
0
Polocon,
C alinan, Davao
C ity
Tuamnding,
Arakan, North
C otabato
C hua,
Bagumbayan,
Sultan Kudarat
Dumalaguing,
Bukidnon
Lake Se bu,
South
C otabato
Are as with Micro Hydropwe r
Brgy. Bale a,
Ne gros
O ccide ntal
Brgy. Sapad,
Shariff
Kabungsuan

The micro hydro power that runs a corn mill and irrigates ricefields.

Community counterpart: 10-15 % -sweat equity and household wirings
LGU Counterpart : 5-10% food for work and other materials
Grants: 80%

SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS:
• Households with access to quality lighting and milling.
 Change in energy use pattern from kerosene to electricity.
 Increased Income – savings from transportation in milling, weaving production of traditional loom weaving, etc.
 School children’s quality study at night enhancement.
• Community solidarity enhanced, peace and order conditions improved.

An indigenous T’boli woman doing traditional loom weaving. Before the electricity comes (12 kW), she does the loom weaving during daytime.
But now with the electricity from the hydro, she can weave and be more productive during night time. (Tablo, Lake Sebu, South Cotabato)

Environmental Sustainability :
Watershed management and protection enhance ecosystem services (water, biodiversity, etc.)
Climate change mitigation
(displacement of carbon dioxide thus reducing greenhouse gases) ex: 10 kilowatts micro hydropower displaced 67 tonnes
Carbon dioxide annually environmental governance eco-efficiency

1. Financially self-sustaining projects have cash generating (usually day time) and increase the use of plant factor (load factor).
2. The income generated helps community development projects, maintains the system, and enhances watershed management and protection.

3.Local capacities to fabricate,manage, operate and maintain micro hydro projects.
4.Effective lobbying with the LGUs for the allocation of resources and formulation of favorable policies for MHP devt and watershed protection.
5.
Well-prepared community and active community participation with strong sense of community ownership

6. Multi stakeholders partnership
(community, PO, NGO, LGU, private sector and other civil society)
7.

1 . Project funds for community-based renewable energy systems are limited and difficult to access.
2. Sustainability of some MHP primarily for household electricity and without productive end-uses like agricultural processing.
3. The emerging climate change has already created adverse impacts as regards rainfall patterns and river flows

Replication and scaling-up of micro hydro power systems entail multi sectoral partnership, political and financial support for an energy corridor approach.
Enhanced community capacity building ( including enterprise development, pool of trained technicians and managers)

Diversification of productive end-uses
( income generating activities) towards sustainability and promotion of local economy.
Need for an integrated development approach including watershed management and enhancement of local environment as a climate change adaptation strategy

Community-based micro hydropower as an integrated rural development strategy promotes electrification, social benefits, local economy and environmental protection.
Off –grid communities with micro hydropower resources can access electricity with policy support from the LGU’s and multi stakeholders partnerships.
RE Law needs to address the issue on rural electrification to reduce poverty and promote environmental protection in off grid communities.

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