Perspectives on China Economy and Markets Dr. HUANG Haizhou With input from CICC Macro and Strategy Team January 2014 SFC CE Ref: AMU474 SAC License No. S0080613050003 Major markets have bottomed out after significant changes 270 US 250 230 Europe 210 190 170 Japan 150 130 110 90 China? 70 Mar-09 Sep-09 Mar-10 Sep-10 Nikkei 225 Mar-11 Sep-11 S&P 500 Mar-12 SHCOMP Sep-12 Mar-13 Sep-13 DAX Index Source: Bloomberg, CICC Research 1 Global environment is becoming more supportive: global synchronized recovery in 2014? 1,800 5,950 1,600 4,950 1,400 3,950 1,200 ? 2,950 1,950 800 950 Oct-01 1,000 600 Oct-02 Oct-03 Oct-04 Oct-05 Oct-06 Oct-07 SHCOMP Index Oct-08 Oct-09 Oct-10 Oct-11 Oct-12 S&P 500 Source: Wind, CICC Research 2 8.0 Oct-07 Nov-07 Dec-07 Jan-08 Feb-08 Mar-08 Apr-08 May-08 Jun-08 Jul-08 Aug-08 Sep-08 Oct-08 Nov-08 Dec-08 Jan-09 Feb-09 Mar-09 Apr-09 May-09 Jun-09 Jul-09 Aug-09 Sep-09 Oct-09 Nov-09 Dec-09 Jan-10 Feb-10 Mar-10 Apr-10 May-10 Jun-10 Jul-10 Aug-10 Sep-10 Oct-10 Nov-10 Dec-10 Jan-11 Feb-11 Mar-11 Apr-11 May-11 Jun-11 Jul-11 Aug-11 Sep-11 Oct-11 Nov-11 Dec-11 Jan-12 Feb-12 Mar-12 Apr-12 May-12 Jun-12 Jul-12 Aug-12 Sep-12 Oct-12 Nov-12 Dec-12 Jan-13 Feb-13 Mar-13 Apr-13 May-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Aug-13 Sep-13 Oct-13 Investors have downgraded expectations for the Chinese economy 11.0 (Consensus GDP growth,%) SHCOMP Index and consensus GDP growth 4,000 10.5 3,500 10.0 2008 3,000 9.5 2,500 2010 9.0 2,000 8.5 2011 2013 7.5 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 1,500 2012 2009 1,000 2014 7.0 500 0 SHCOMP Index (RHS) Source: Wind, Bloomberg, CICC Research 3 We see upside risks to Chinese economy SHCOMP Index and China's GDP growth 3,500 13 3,300 12 3,100 11 2,900 10 2,700 2,500 9 2,300 8 2,100 7 1,900 6 1,700 1,500 5 4Q 1Q 2008: -65.4% 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2009: 80.0% 2Q 3Q 4Q 1Q 2Q 2010: -14.3% SHCOMP Index (LHS) 3Q 4Q 2011: -21.7% 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 2012:3.17% 1Q 2Q 3Q YTD:-4.9% GDP:QoQ Source: Wind, CICC Research 4 China: GDP growth GDP QoQ GDP YoY % 10 © CICC Macro 8.1 7.6 7.8 7.4 7.8 7.7 7.5 7.8 9 8.0 7.5 7.4 7.3 8 7 6 6.7 6.9 7.8 9.4 6.7 6.3 8.9 8.0 7.7 7.5 7.0 7.0 5 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 2012: 7.7% 1Q 2Q 3Q 2013E: 7.6% 4Q 1Q 2Q 3Q 4Q 2014E: 7.6% Source: CEIC, CICC Research 5 China economy: Supply is not the main bottleneck GDP YoY % PPI YoY 20 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Source: CEIC, CICC Research 6 Real interest rates diverge for different sectors Real interest rate YoY Nominal interest rate YoY Price growth % 10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 Consumers Corporations Property investors Source: CEIC, CICC Research * as of Nov 2013 7 RMB appreciation amplifies negative effects of structural problems on the economy 40 DeliveryYoY Value for Export YoYYoY (LHS) REER (RHS) % 2010=100 120 115 30 110 20 105 10 100 95 0 90 -10 -20 2005 85 80 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Source: CEIC, CICC Research 8 Stabilization in growth Factors supporting aggregate demand – Fiscal expansion – Targeted credit policy – Property market warms up Economic growth to stabilize at around 7.5% – 7.6% for 2013, 7.6% for 2014 – Upside risks Inflation to remain mild – CPI:2.7% for 2013, 3.1% for 2014 9 Priorities in structural reforms Opening up: China (Shanghai) Free Trade Zone Reduce monopoly and promote competition Tax and fiscal reforms Interest rate liberalization and opening of the capital account New urbanization and land reform Relax family planning policy 10 A-share Strategy: key points A-share market likely to deliver 20% annual return in 2014. Macro: 2014 will be different from previous years as: – Investors have downgraded expectations for the Chinese economy; – A new round of reforms is likely to improve economic potential, balance and quality; and – The synchronized recovery of major global economies is likely to last into 2014, boding well for the Chinese economy. Earnings: we expect A-share earnings to grow 15.2% 2014 ( top-down); Valuation & Liquidity: CSI300 valuation at historical low in terms of PE/PB, Small-mid caps’ valuation at historical high; growth recovery has supported some moderate valuation expansion in large cap index. Real reforms will arouse revaluation of China. Sectors: We suggested buying three types of sectors towards the end of 2013: 1) Real estate, building materials and steel; 2) Mass consumer goods such as home appliances, foods and beverages; 3) Securities firms and insurance companies; Investors should also keep a close eye on the rail, shipping, airline, healthcare and media sectors. Meanwhile, we remain bearish on base materials (e.g. coal and non-ferrous metals) and sectors with stretched valuations and a gloomy outlook (e.g. electronic components). 11 2014E top-down earnings should grow by 15.2% Earnings forecast: 2012 1~3Q13 2013E 2014E Top-down: Non-financials Revenue growth Net margin Earning growth Financials Overall Bottom-up for CSI300 Index Non-financials Financials Overall 7.9 9.6 10.7 12.8 4.16 4.39 4.36 4.50 -11.8 13.3 12.0 18.0 13.7 16.5 15.0 13.0 0.8 15.1 13.7 15.2 Consensus 2013E CICC 2014E 2013E 2014E 12.9 16.4 13.0 13.5 14.7 11.8 15.4 13.1 14.0 13.6 14.5 13.2 Source: Wind, CICC Research 12 0 Apr-05 Jun-05 Aug-05 Sep-05 Nov-05 Jan-06 Mar-06 May-06 Jul-06 Sep-06 Nov-06 Dec-06 Feb-07 Apr-07 Jun-07 Aug-07 Oct-07 Dec-07 Jan-08 Mar-08 May-08 Jul-08 Sep-08 Nov-08 Jan-09 Mar-09 May-09 Jun-09 Aug-09 Oct-09 Dec-09 Feb-10 Apr-10 Jun-10 Jul-10 Sep-10 Nov-10 Jan-11 Mar-11 May-11 Jul-11 Aug-11 Nov-11 Dec-11 Feb-12 Apr-12 Jun-12 Aug-12 Oct-12 Dec-12 Jan-13 Mar-13 May-13 Jul-13 Sep-13 CSI300 valuation at historical low 50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 CSI 300 CSI 500 SME GEM Source: Wind, CICC Research 13 Sector allocation: We suggested buying three types of sectors Macro Sector Earnings Valuation Technical Sub Cycle Liquidity Fiscal policy Global economy Sub M-L term trend Short-term trend Policy Sub Growth Revision Stability Cash flow Sub Historical comparison Horizontal comparison Global comparison Sub Fund position Overbought /oversold Real Estate OW 5 4 4 2 4 3 5 3 5 4 4 4 3 5 1 4 4 3 3 5 5 3 Securities OW 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 3 5 3 3 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 Insurance OW 4 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 5 4 5 4 2 3 5 2 1 3 3 3 Home Appliances OW 5 5 4 4 3 4 4 3 5 3 5 5 4 5 4 4 3 5 5 3 5 2 Food & Beverages OW 5 3 3 4 3 3 4 4 4 2 4 3 3 4 5 5 5 4 4 5 5 4 Construction materials OW 4 4 4 2 4 4 3 1 4 5 3 2 4 3 3 4 4 2 5 4 4 3 Steel OW 4 4 4 2 4 4 2 1 2 5 3 3 3 4 2 5 5 5 4 4 4 3 Environmental services Neutral 5 5 3 3 4 4 5 4 3 5 4 2 2 4 5 2 1 3 2 1 1 3 Auto & Parts Neutral 4 4 3 4 3 3 3 3 4 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 5 4 4 5 3 Apparel & Textiles Neutral 4 2 3 3 3 4 3 4 3 2 4 3 3 3 5 5 4 5 5 5 5 3 Railway & Toll roads Neutral 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 3 4 4 3 1 4 4 3 3 3 4 3 2 3 3 Ports & Shipping Neutral 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 2 4 5 3 5 5 1 1 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 Health Care Neutral 3 3 3 3 4 3 5 5 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 2 1 5 5 3 Airports & Airlines Neutral 3 4 4 3 3 4 3 2 5 2 2 1 5 1 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 Retail Neutral 3 3 4 3 3 3 3 3 1 4 3 2 4 5 1 3 2 4 2 5 5 4 Agriculture Neutral 3 3 3 4 3 3 4 3 5 3 2 4 1 3 4 3 2 3 2 5 5 3 Banks Neutral 3 3 3 4 3 3 1 1 1 4 5 2 5 5 2 5 5 5 3 3 3 3 Power Neutral 3 3 4 3 3 3 1 2 3 1 5 5 5 3 4 5 5 4 4 1 1 3 Media & Internet Neutral 3 3 3 3 4 3 4 5 2 2 5 5 4 2 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 4 Tech Equipments Neutral 2 5 3 3 4 4 5 3 4 4 1 2 2 3 3 1 1 3 1 1 1 3 Construction & Engineering Neutral 2 1 3 2 3 3 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 5 2 5 5 5 5 3 3 3 Travel & Hotel & Restaurant Neutral 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 2 2 2 2 5 3 2 2 5 5 5 3 Information Services Neutral 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 5 2 3 2 4 2 2 3 2 1 3 4 3 3 4 Oil & Gas Neutral 2 2 3 3 3 4 1 1 5 1 2 1 4 5 1 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 Electrical equipments Neutral 2 3 4 3 3 3 2 3 1 3 2 4 1 1 5 2 3 1 3 2 3 3 Machinery Neutral 2 2 4 2 3 4 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 2 1 2 2 1 3 3 3 3 Chemicals Neutral 1 1 3 2 3 3 2 2 4 1 1 4 1 1 1 1 3 1 1 3 3 3 Light Manufacturing UW 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 2 1 1 4 5 2 2 4 1 1 1 5 2 3 3 Electronic Components UW 1 3 3 3 4 3 2 4 1 2 1 5 1 1 4 2 3 2 2 1 1 3 Coal UW 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 4 3 2 3 3 3 Non-ferrous metals UW 1 2 3 3 3 4 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 1 4 3 3 Sector Sector Weighting Score Source: Wind, CICC Research 14 Key themes: #1 The potential reversal of the deep cyclical sectors Industries Steel Possibility and reason of turnaround 0.61 Angang Steel Company Limited 20.90 0.46 Tangshan Jidong Cement Co.,Ltd. 41.52 0.93 Anhui Conch Cement Company Limited 9.45 1.53 Aluminum Corporation of China Limited n.a. 1.30 Guangzhou Shipyard International Company Limited n.a. 1.84 China CSSC Holdings Limited 263.89 1.34 1) Supply growth in 2014 is likely to be slower than that in 2013. The industry does not face additional challenge from high speed railway. 2) Continued QE relieves the downward pressure on renminbi and oil price is unlikely to rise in the future. 3) Valuation is at historical low and gloomy outlook has been priced in. China Eastern Airlines Corporation Limited 12.56 1.13 Air China Limited 11.92 0.94 China Southern Airlines Company Limited 14.47 0.78 1) Coastal coal and international oil freight rates increased recently; 2) Capacity utilization rates in dry bulk and tanker markets will reach inflection points in 2014, and BDI has found effective support at 1500 points. Most shipping companies will likely turn profitable in 2014. 3) Sector valuation is at historical low; 4) Whether capacity utilization rate in the container market will reach an inflection point in 2014 depends on whether demand exceeds supply. China Shipping Development Company Limited n.a. 0.64 China Shipping Container Lines Company Limited n.a. 1.15 8.59 1.49 Non-ferrous metals To solve the serious overcapacity problem in aluminum industry, the government will strictly control new projects, shut down technologically obsolete plants and encourage M&As and restructuring. Machinery The high speed rail sector has turned around. Shipping and marine engineering will likely rebound from the bottom. Having declined for two consecutive years, global shipbuilding orders tend to rebounded significantly in 2013. The new shipbuilding orders over JanuarySeptember rose 98.8% YoY. Given the strong purchase intention in shipbuilding, we expect the recovery in order volume to continue over the next 6-12 months at least. Railway PB (2013E) 10.27 Tightened capacity control improves demand-supply balance in southern and eastern China. Steady bottom line growth and reduced downside risks help raise long-term valuation. Shipping Valuation PE (2013) Baoshan Iron & Steel Co.,Ltd. Baoshan Iron and Steel sold loss-making assets in 2012. Its full-year net profit (excluding nonrecurring items) is likely to grow YoY. Steel industry valuation is cheap and stockholding by mutual funds is low. Construction materials Airlines & airports Stocks Freight rates reform is imminent. An increase of Rmb0.015~0.025 in freight rate in 2014 implies EPS of Rmb1.13~1.37 for Daqin Railway. Daqin Railway Co., Ltd. Source: Wind, CICC Research * As of Nov. 8th 15 Key themes: #2 SOE Reforms Six major issues mentioned in Xi’s Wuhan speech in July 1) Accelerate the formation of a unified, open, competitive and orderly market system The four key aspects of SOE reforms •Refocus resources to key areas and refrain from others 2) Enhance the public sector's economic development: encourage, support and guide the private sector's economic development 6) Improve the party's leadership and governance capabilities; play overview coordinating role • Change targets, enhance efficiency, dispose of non-core assets, establish incentive schemes & diversify ownership structure Business focus Incentive and discipline Global vision More competition Comprehensive reforms require in-depth investigation of six issues 3) Improve macroeconomic regulation; improve the efficiency and effectiveness of government 5) Achieve social fairness and justice; safeguard people's rights 4) Enhance social development; promote social harmony and stability •Make full use of domestic and international markets to utilize excessive capacity and to build world-class brands • Administrative monopoly to be reduced, and SOEs to face more competition from private businesses Source: Wind, CICC Research 16 Key themes: #3 M&As Deal value/GDP China USA 12% USD bn 180 Traditional industries Emerging industries Financials 160 10% 140 120 8% 100 6% 80 60 4% 40 2% 20 0 0% 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Source: Wind, CICC Research 17 Key themes: #4 Wireless Internet Applications Million 700 China Internet Users Mobile Internet Users Rmb bn 1,400 600 1,200 Market size: Online shopping Network utilization rate:online shopping (RHS) 50% 45% 40% 500 1,000 400 800 35% 30% 25% 300 600 200 400 20% 15% 10% 100 200 5% 0 0 0% Source: Wind, CICC Research 18 H-share Strategy: key points ~20% H-share upside in 2014 The H-share market has lost 2% YTD, lagging behind global peers. We expect the HSCEI to rise ~20% to 12,500 by end-2014, with a ~13% contribution from earnings revisions and a ~7% boost from valuation expanding to 9.5x 12-month forward P/E Macro: Reforms to improve growth quality We believe domestic growth will stabilize and downside risk is relatively limited. Our economists expect GDP growth is 7.6% in 2014, with a higher contribution from consumption . The expediting of reforms would enhance growth quality and raise medium- to longer-term growth potential Earnings: Growth recovery to extend We forecast H-share earnings to grow 14% in 2013 and accelerate to 15% in 2014. Non-financial earnings could grow 16% in 2014 thanks to higher top-line and a small expansion in profit margin; and financials are to deliver ~13% growth. Valuation: ERP normalization to re-rate market Current valuations of appear subdued relative to the historical range and global peers. We expect stabilizing domestic growth, mounting reform dividends and potential global tailwinds to help reduce H-share equity risk premium and prompt a moderate valuation expansion. Implementation: Sector preference and top-picks Focus on growth visibility and reform beneficiaries, and overweight select financials (real estate and brokers), select infrastructure (construction and city utilities), and select consumption (internet/software, healthcare, auto and home appliance); underweight telecom, coal, retail, apparel/textile and power. Continue to recommend our thematic baskets of new urbanization and environmental protection. Risks For China, we watch financial system risks, cyclical growth momentum, reform execution etc.; from overseas, key issues include US fiscal impasse and Fed’s policy. 19 2014 earnings to grow 15% on higher sales and profit margin Non-financial and financials earnings would growth 16% and 13% in 2014 respectively Non-financial top-line sales growth to expand thanks to higher 2014 nominal GDP growth estimated by our economists Two drivers to potentially nudge-up non-financials profit margins in 2014: 1) subdued domestic commodity prices and a more valuable Rmb; and 2) better operating efficiency We are looking for 15% earnings growth in 2014, thanks to ~16% growth in non-financials and ~13% growth for financial companies CICC Top-down Net Net Revision Sales Net Forecast vs. Income Income from Growth Margin Consensus Growth Consensus Now 2011A Non-finan. Financials H-share 2012A Non-finan. Financials H-share 2013E Non-finan. Financials H-share 2014E Non-finan. Financials H-share 27% 7.2% 11% 5.9% 10% 6.1% 11% 6.4% 8% 28% 16% -9% 15% 1% 13% 15% 14% 16% 13% 15% 15% 16% 14% 15% 9% 11% -1% -1% -0% 1% 4% 3% Source: Bloomberg, FactSet, MSCI, CICC Strategy Research 20 ERP reduction to unlock value and induce valuation normalization Improving cyclical momentum and mounting reform dividends, as well as a potential global ERP reduction, to somewhat alleviate concerns about medium-/long-term growth We expect ERP to narrow 0.5ppt from the current 7% to 6.5% by end-2014 Based on our 3-stage DDM and assuming China’s 10-year government bond yield is 4.3% at end-2014, the corresponding end-2014 target 12-month forward P/E is ~9.5x, implying a 7% expansion MSCI China has returned 20.5% since June 25, with a forward P/E expansion of 16.8% and forward EPS upgrade of 3.3% (Rebased) 140 130 120 2013/1/4 2012/9/5 Change 12m forward EPS (RHS) MSCI China 65.4 51.6 26.8% 12m forward P/E 2013/11/6 2013/6/25 Change 12m fwd 12m fwd P/E EPS (HK$) 10.4x 6.28 8.5x 6.10 23.2% 3.0% 12m fwd 12m fwd P/E EPS (HK$) 8.9x 6.95 7.6x 6.73 16.8% 3.3% (HK$) 7.5 6.6 2013/6/25 2013/1/4 Change MSCI China 51.3 65.4 -21.6% 12m fwd 12m fwd P/E EPS (HK$) 7.6x 6.73 10.4x 6.28 -26.8% 7.2% Cost of equity sensitivity based on our MSCI China 3-stage DDM 18 16 7.2 6.9 110 100 MSCI China MSCI China 61.8 51.3 20.5% We estimate 9~12x as the fair range for H-shares based on our 3-stage DDM 12-month forward P/E (X) 14 9~12x the fair forward P/E range 12 10 8 6.3 6 8.0% 90 6.0 Apr-12 Jun-12 Aug-12 Sep-12 Nov-12 Jan-13 Feb-13 Apr-13 Jun-13 Jul-13 Sep-13 Nov-13 Source: Bloomberg, FactSet, MSCI, CICC Strategy Research 8.5% 9.0% 9.5% 10.0% 10.5% 11.0% 11.5% 12.0% 12.5% 13.0% Cost of equity Source: Bloomberg, FactSet, MSCI, CICC Strategy Research 21 Focus growth visibility & reform beneficiaries We continue to focus on growth visibility and reform beneficiaries in our sector picks. We suggest overweighting real estate and brokers, construction and city utilities and internet/software, healthcare, autos, home appliances, and underweighting telecoms, coal, retail, apparel/textiles, chemicals and power CICC Sector 12m 12m strategy Previous weights forward trailing 2014 preference (%) P/E (X) P/B (X) preference Sector Why we OW/UW Growth visibility Reform impact ↑ Software & Services Real Estate OW OW OW OW 7.5 6.3 29.6 5.4 13.0 1.3 ↑ ↑ Capital Goods OW OW 3.9 10.1 1.2 Auto & Parts OW OW 3.2 11.3 2.5 City Utilities OW Neutral 1.6 16.1 3.0 ↑ (construction) ↑ (mid-/low tier) ↑ Health Care Diversified Financials OW OW Neutral OW 1.3 0.9 16.6 13.3 2.4 1.2 Home Appliance Banks Oil & Gas OW Neutral Neutral OW Neutral Neutral 0.2 24.6 12.4 14.2 5.2 8.6 5.4 1.1 2.0 Insurance Neutral Neutral 7.5 12.8 2.0 Consumer Staples Transportation Hardware Neutral Neutral Neutral Neutral Neutral Neutral 6.0 2.1 1.8 24.2 15.9 14.7 4.0 1.2 2.1 Cement Neutral Neutral 1.4 7.6 1.3 Metals & Mining Neutral UW 1.2 18.2 0.9 Paper Neutral Neutral 0.4 11.5 1.3 Telecoms UW UW 10.9 11.0 1.5 Coal UW UW 2.3 8.9 1.1 Power UW Neutral 1.8 9.6 1.5 Retail UW UW 1.7 13.7 2.1 Apparel & Textile UW UW 0.6 12.8 2.4 UW UW 0.4 10.8 1.4 Chemicals ↑ ↑ (clean energy) ↑ 5 year rolling Valuation Z-Score 0.9 -0.7 -0.1 ↓ (luxury) ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↓ ↓ (oil majors) ↑ ↑ ↑ 0.4 0.5 -0.4 -0.4 1.2 -1.2 -0.4 -1.0 0.6 0.1 -0.0 -0.7 ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ -0.0 ↓ ↓ ↓ -0.5 ↓ (coal-fired) -1.0 0.1 -0.6 -0.8 1.2 -0.2 Source: Bloomberg, Datastream, I/B/E/S, MSCI, CICC Strategy Research. Note: Based on MSCI China index constituents and GICS sector classifications; valuations are consensus estimates. 22 The long-term potential output will be driven by reform and opening-up © CICC Macro Source: CEIC, CICC Research 23 23 Disclosures This document has been produced by China International Capital Corporation Limited, which is regulated by China Securities Regulatory Commission. This document is based on information available to the public that we consider reliable, but China International Capital Corporation Limited and its associated company(ies)(collectively, hereinafter “CICC”) do not represent that it is accurate or complete. The information and opinions contained herein are for investors’ reference only and do not take into account the particular investment objectives, financial situation or needs of any client, and are not an offer to buy or sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy or sell the securities mentioned. 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