Bus Rapid Transit
in Rouen, France
Using Siemens Optical Guidance System
Contents
• Community Transit Overview
• Historical Summary
• Today’s System
• Capital and Operating Costs
• Optical Guidance and Signaling
• Dealing with Narrow Rights of Way
• Urban Integration
• Rolling Stock
• Appendix: Some Details
CREA since 1st January 2010
Communauté de l'Agglomération Rouen Elbeuf Austreberthe
 70 municipalities
 493,382 inhabitants
La CREA
Direction de la communication
14 bis avenue Pasteur
CS 50589 - 76006 ROUEN Cedex
Areas of jurisdiction
(roughly equivalent to Metropolitan Planning Organization [MPO])
Public
transport
Economic
development
Solidarity
Cultural and
sports
activities
(Re-) Employment
Sanitation
Water
Grants for
small
municipali
-ties
Waste
Municipal policy
Spatial
planning
Environment
Tourism
The CREA transport network
Metrobus
TEOR (Rouen East-West Transport)
Structuring lines
Secondary lines
TAE lines (Elbeuf transport)
Topography
Population density (1999)
Topography
“TEOR”
Transport Est-Ouest de Rouen
(Rouen East-West Transit)
Objectives:
Improve access to districts with high
population densities
 Enable access to the congested shopping
mall
 Enable access to frequently used facilities
(Government center, University Hospital
center, University faculties)
Background of the East-West transport scheme
 1994 (December): North-South light rail (with
downtown subway) commissioned
 1996 (December): Request for Proposals
based on performance forecast for east-west
light rail line
 1997 (December): RFP declared
unsuccessful due to high cost of rail option
 1997 (December): New RFP for BRT-based
system
Background to the East-West transport scheme
 1999 (July): Declaration of Public Utility (i.e.
Project approved for National-level funding)
 2001 (February): Lines T2 and T3 West enter
service
 2002 (April): Line T1 West enters service
 2003 (February): Launch of work in Rouen
city center and to the East
 2007 (January – December): TEOR gradually
enters service eastwards
The lines of the Greater Rouen network
Metro:
- 1 line 9.4 miles long
- 31 stations / 5 municipalities
- 28 train sets
- Journey speed: 11.9 MPH
- Frequency:
2.5 min peak
6 min off-peak
- 65,335 boardings / day
TEOR:
- 3 lines 18.5 miles long
- 53 stations / 8 municipalities
- 66 vehicles
- Journey speed: 10.9 MPH
- Frequency (common sections):
2 min peak hours
3 min off-peak hours
- 69,170 boardings / day
The lines of the Greater Rouen network
Bus network:
- 8 structuring lines
- 22 secondary lines
- 11 taxi lines
- 28 school lines
- 53, 000 journeys / day
College/University
Final TEOR right-of-way
Frequently used facility
High density housing
Shopping mall
University
campus
Gov’t Center
Railway Station
Univ. Hospital
Law School
Medical School
Shopping Center
& Stadium
School of
Architecture
Network intermodality
Park & Ride
Metro / TEOR Interchange
Rest area
Bike-share area
Secure bicycle base
Structuring bus lines
Growth of TEOR ridership
Boardings
Per
Year
Year
Comparison of network lines (2011)
Light Rail
NETWORK DATA
Miles of lines
Number of stations
Number of vehicles
Population served (rounded)
Population served per km of line
Cost of investment (rounded)
Capital cost: Euros/miles
OPERATING DATA
Cost of operation (annual):
BRT
Bus
(structuring lines)
€
€
9.3
31
28
136,000
14,591
490,000,000 €
50,372,568 €
18.5
53
66
90,000
4,860
196,000,000 €
10,782,626 €
62.1
770
81
86,000
1,384
27,000,000
482,804
€
Euros/mile €
Euros per passenger-mile €
9,175,680 €
10.43 €
0.62 €
11,500,500 €
7.26 €
0.87 €
35,049,600
5.79
1.34
2.5/min
6/min
11.6
65,335
14,662,000
879,860
2/min
3/min
10.7
69,170
13,748,800
1,584,493
10.8
53,000
11,182,300
6,049,658
Frequency
peak hours (common sections)
off-peak hours (common sections)
Journey speed (MPH)
Daily boardings
Annual Boardings
Miles per year
Comparison of Rail and BRT Costs
Capital cost: Euros/miles
€ 60,000,000
€ 50,000,000
€ 40,000,000
€ 30,000,000
€ 20,000,000
€ 10,000,000
€-
Capital cost:
Euros/miles
Light Rail
BRT
Bus
Light BRT (structuring
Bus
lines)
Rail
(Line-haul)
€ 1.60
€ 1.40
€ 1.20
€ 1.00
€ 0.80
€ 0.60
€ 0.40
€ 0.20
€-
Operating Cost
Euros per passenger-mile
Euros per
passenger-mile
Light Rail
Light
Rail
BRT
BRT
Bus
(structuring lines)
Bus
(Line-haul)
Project investment costs
(€ million)
Investment cost: € 196 million
TEOR investment cost: € 6.5 million/km
Light Rail investment cost: € 31.3 million/km
Annual operating costs
(€ thousands in 2011)
Operating costs: € 1,624,000
Dealing with Narrow Rights-of-Way
Two-way lane
length: 4.5 mi.
One-way lane
length: 3.7 mi.
Unmarked lane
length: 10.2 mi.
Vehicles travel on a two-lane
busway with a concrete barrier
separating them from general
traffic
Vehicles travel on a single
(central or lateral), with a
crossable concrete strip
separating them from general
traffic
Vehicles circulate with general
traffic, but with fully equipped
stations
Lane Structure
TEOR operation with a single center bus-lane:
• Direction of bus travel alternates by sections
• Station is always in a reserved lane so stopped bus does not block traffic
TEOR Westbound
TEOR lane
TEOR Eastbound
Lane open to general
traffic
Traffic and bus signals
Lane Structure
Dedicated corridor 2 protected lanes (5.9 km)
Dedicated corridor 2 reserved lanes (2.4 km)
Dedicated corridor 1 protected lane (1.7 km)
Dedicated corridor 1 alternating lane (3.5 km)
Unmarked lane (9.5 km)
Unequipped lane (6.8 km)
Lane Structure Video
Systems
• System operation
support
• Sound systems for
stations and buses
• Readouts
• Priority traffic lights
• Special signage
• Ticketing system
Signal priority
Transceiver
Flashing triangle
tower at highest
indicates the
approaching TEOR has
point
Oversight by the central control
been detected and will
(Canteleu)
system
have all green lights as
soon as
unloading/loading is
confirmed by the driver
Station/Stop
(located before the
intersection)
Signal and Priority Video
Optical guidance
Operation:
The camera reads
coded marks on
the ground
indicating the
required route
Man-machine interface
Camera
Wheel encoder
Torque motor
IT network
Ground marks
A computer
analyses the
vehicle's position
relative to the lane
and transmits the
required
corrections to the
steering wheel
Gaps
Horizontal gap
Vertical
gap
On average, vertical gaps are 4.25 cm
high and horizontal gaps are between 4
and 5 cm wide
Guidance System Video
Station/Stops
Design identical to that of tramway stations
Integration with Traffic
Integration with Traffic
Urban integration
Urban integration
Urban integration
Rolling stock
38 Irisbus Crealis Neo vehicles
28 CITELIS vehicles (Diesel)
(37 Diesel + 1 hybride)
- Length: 17.8 m
- Sliding doors
- Complete low floor
- Escape through the top
- Capacity: 115 places including 40 seated
- Optical guidance system
- Accessible to persons with reduced
mobility and pushchairs
- Air-conditioned
Appendix:
Some Details
•
•
•
•
Financial support
Stakeholders
Optical guidance alerts
Changes in alert rates
Financial support
Subsidies:
€ 82 million
• European Federation (EU)
• Central government
• Regional council
• Department
• Municipalities
€ 9.4 million
€ 29.8 million
€ 18.6 million
€ 18.6 million
€ 5.6 million
(For participation in streetscape work, EDF and utility relocation)
Stakeholders in the project
• Phase 1:
– Contracting authority: Greater Rouen Urban Authority
– Contracting Owner Support (COS): Sogeti
– Project Managers: Systra, Thales, Artefac, Attica, Outside, Bailly
• End of phase 1:
–
–
–
–
–
Contracting authority: Greater Rouen Urban Authority
COS: Systra
Project Managers / City center: Era, Thales, Territoires Sites et Cités
Project Managers / Suburbs: Ingetec, Folius, Outside
Project Manager / Systems: Setec
Optical guidance
Alert rate per 10,000
landings in 2011
5 categories of alerts
• Guidance malfunction: failure of the optical
guidance system (OGS): system reset.
• Loss of guidance: momentary loss of guidance
during operation: system reset.
• Vigilance: markings misread by the OGS.
• Operational: alerts caused by operating
conditions and the immediate environment of the
vehicle during the guidance: system reset.
1.13 per 10,000
0.02 per 10,000
0.01 per 10,000
0.30 per 10,000
• Unclassified
0.07 per 10,000
1.53 in total
Change in alert rate
1
2
3
4
5
1. Out of tolerance
2. Out of service
3. Faulty guidance
4. Loss of guidance
5. False alarm (?)