SCADA, Telemetry and Telecontrol
using TETRA-Infrastructure
Las Vegas, March 2013
Funk-Electronic Piciorgros GmbH
Michael D. Piciorgros (CEO)
Why TETRA and not ….
APCO 25
DMR
WiMAX
WiFi
GSM, Edge, 2G, 3G, (4G)
Other digital Wireless Systems
Piciorgros GmbH * Germany
… because ?
Try to compare all technical and commercial
aspects of the following presentation with the
mentioned technologies
Piciorgros GmbH * Germany
SCADA (Supervise Control and Data Acquisition)
The term “SCADA” basically includes the whole system
starting from the Monitors and Computers in the Control
Room, the Interfacing to the Infrastructure, the
Infrastructure itself, up to the Outstations the PLC’c and
Sensors or Actors.
This presentation will show how the SCADA Control Room
Part can be interfaced to TETRA Infrastructure using
different options and how the data communication can be
optimized.
Ref.:
http://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supervisory_Control_and_Data_
Acquisition
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Typical SCADA Server Layout
Ref:
Scada: Wikipedia
Monitor: Samsung
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What can TETRA provide for
Supervise Control and Data Acquisition?
Keywords are:
Status Message
SDS Messaging
Secondary Control Channel
Packet Switched Data
Multi Slot Packet Data
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STATUS Message:
 A Status message is the shortest and fastest
way to send or receive command or status
information over TETRA
 Status Message size is 16 Bit
 Can be sent/received from control room
(SCADA) or from any outstation
STATUS messages can be used for:
 Alarm Information from outstations
 Polling Request
 “Silence Command” from SCADA
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SDS Message:
 An SDS message can be compared with a SMS
text message in GSM networks but a SDS will
be instantly delivered
 SDS single message size is up to 254 byte
 Multi SDS can be used for larger data
SDS messages can be used for:
 Text communication
 Data communication (protocols, alarms, . . . )
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Secondary Control Channel:
 SDS Messages are sent on the MCCH (Main
Control CHannel) on the first time slot
 Additional control channels (SCCH) can be
configured for each of the remaining three
time slots
 On one carrier a maximum of four control
channels is possible
SCCH can be used for:
 Separate data from MCCH or Voice Traffic
 Reduce MCCH load
 Split applications
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Packed Switched Data:
 With Packet Data, IP communication is
possible on TETRA networks
 Packed Data uses Traffic Channels for
communication, in the same way as voice
communication
 TETRA provides Packet Data channel sharing
between devices
Packet Data can be used for:
 UDP communication
 TCP communication (!)
 Any low speed IP application (Data)
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Multi Slot Packed Switched Data:
 Multi Slot Packet Data uses two up to three
traffic channels on the first carrier
 Multi Slot Packet Data can use up to four
traffic channels on the second carrier
MSPD can be used for:
 UDP communication
 TCP communication (!)
 Any low speed IP application (Data)
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Typical SCADA Applications:
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Surface Coal Mining (Water Level Control)
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GAS Flow Control with Solar Power
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GAS Quality Control
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Waste Water Treatment Plant
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Utility (Energy Companies)
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Network Structures when using TETRA for
SCADA applications
Keywords are:
Radio to Radio Communication
SwMi to Radio Communication
SDS
Packet Switched Data
Multi Slot Packet Data
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SCADA using SDS based Radio-to-Radio
Communication
Control Room
Serial
Interface
SDS
TMO-100
Serial
Communication
SDS
SDS
TMO-100
I/O
Command
and Control
Line Device
TMO-100
SDS
Serial
Interface
TETRA Switch
TMO-100
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AMR
SCADA with Radio to Radio Communication
 Easy to set up
 No need to be physically linked to the TETRA
switch (infrastructure)
 Point to Point and Point to Multi Point
 Low cost solution
 Two RF links to the TETRA infrastructure needed
 Reduced communication speed
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SCADA – using an SDS Gateway
Public Lighting
Control Room
TMO-100
SDS
Two Serial
Interfaces
SDS
TGW-100
SDS Gateway
TMO-100
I/O
Command
and Control
Line Device
IP
Communication
SDS
AMR
TMO-100
TETRA Switch
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SCADA using an SDS Gateway
 No RF traffic on the control room side
 About 50% faster than Radio-to-Radio
communication
 Needs an SDS Gateway ($$$)
 Needs to be connected to the TETRA switch
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SCADA – using a Packet Data Gateway
(Serial over IP)
Control Room
Serial
Interface
TMO-100
PD
Two Serial
Interfaces
TGW-100P
Packet Data
Gateway
PD
TMO-100
I/O
Command
and Control
Line Device
IP
Communication
PD
Serial
Interface
TMO-100
TETRA Switch
Piciorgros GmbH * Germany
AMR
SCADA using a Packet Data Gateway
 No TETRA uplink on the control room side
 About 50% faster than Radio-to-Radio
communication
 MCCH is NOT used for data communication
 Needs an SDS Gateway
 Needs to be connected to the TETRA switch
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SCADA – using direct IP Communication
Control Room
IP
TMO-100
PD
PD
Direct IP
Communication
TMO-100
I/O
Command
and Control
Line Device
PD
IP
TMO-100
TETRA Switch
Piciorgros GmbH * Germany
AMR
SCADA using IP Communication
 No TETRA uplink on the control room side
 About 50% faster than Radio-to-Radio
communication
 MCCH is NOT used for data communication
 No special SCADA to TETRA gateway needed
 Only IP communication possible
 Needs to be connected to the TETRA switch
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Some FAQ:
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What serial Protocols can be used with TETRA?
Most of the common serial protocols like Modbus, DNP3,
Pak Bus, BSAP, ROC, IEC60870-5-101, ... and also others
can be used with TETRA.
Depending on Radio-to-Radio communication or Switchto-Radio communication the SCADA Server response
timeout should be set to an appropriate value between 2
and 5 seconds.
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What IP Protocols can be used with TETRA?
On Radio-to-Radio communication care should be taken
when using TCP protocol, but it is no problem to use UDP.
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What is “Serial over IP” and when should it be used?
I cases where the TETRA infrastructure does not support
Secondary Control Channels (SSCH) and the Main Control
Channel (MCCH) should not be overloaded, the serial data can
be packed into IP frames of up to 1,5 k Bytes and sent on traffic
channels with Packet Data or Multi Slot Packet Data.
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What is “Packet Data Channel Sharing”?
Most of the SCADA applications use polling protocols. That
means that the SCADA Server (Control Room) sends a request
to an outstation asking for process data. And once the
outstation device has responded, the next field device will be
polled.
In case of Packet Data communication, with each polling the
specific outstation will switch to the packet data traffic channel
and respond to the SCADA Server request.
As there is no logical “End of Data” for the TETRA
infrastructure, each device will stay after the data
communication has been terminated for some additional time
until a “Ready Timer” expires.
With the Packet Data Channel Sharing, additional devices can
use these still occupied channels
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How can TETRA be used efficiently for SCADA
applications?




For SCADA applications group communication should be
avoided because it generates unwanted traffic
Data compression should be used if available
Switch to Radio communication gives best performance
For Data Applications using a dedicated SCCH avoids the
overload of the Main Control Channel
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Can TETRA modems also use the TETRA voice
feature?
Yes! Depending on the modem design, voice and data features
are available
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Please don’t forget:
All of that was:
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Funk - Electronic Piciorgros GmbH
Claudiastr. 5
51145 Köln-Porz
Germany
Thank you very much for your interest in our Products
www.piciorgros.com
www.TetraModem.com
Piciorgros GmbH * Germany