Aconite
Clinical applications
1. Croup
2. URT: Coryza
3. Shock
4. Panic, fear
5. Fever
Differential diagnosis
Bell
Allium, Ars alb, Nux vom
Arnica
Arg nit, Ars alb, Gels
Bell, Ferrum phos, Nux
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Aconite
Clinical features
• Sudden or violent onset. Intense fear (death). Restlessness,
excitement, agitation. Fever. Thirst.
Key characteristics
• Acute conditions; Suddenness; Ailments from shock, fright, fear;
• Ailments from exposure to cold, dry wind.
• Modalities: < violent emotions, cold dry wind, night, especially around
midnight; > open air.
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Apis
Clinical applications
1. Arthritis, acute
2.
3.
4.
5.
Differential diagnosis
Bryonia, Kali bic,
Ledum, Puls, Rhus, Ruta
Arg nit, Euphrasia, Puls
Cantharis, Puls, Staphys
Conjunctivitis
Cystitis
Acute allergic reaction
Skin eruptions/reactions Cantharis, Petrol, Rhus,
Sulph
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Apis
Clinical features
• Hot, red, swollen, shiny, acutely painful joint(s). Red,
swollen painful conjunctiva and/or lids; photophobia.
Acute dysuria, frequency, painful urging. Oedema of face
and/or eyes; swelling eruptions and reactions to bites and
stings.
Key characteristics
• Swelling/oedema. Stinging and burning pains. Heat.
Thirstless (in acute state).
• Modalities: < heat, touch, pressure, afternoon;
> cool air, cold applications.
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Argentum nitricum
Clinical applications
1. Anxiety, fear
2.
3.
Conjunctivitis
GIT: Dyspepsia, diarrhoea
Differential diagnosis
Acon, Ars alb, Gels,
Lyc, Sil
Apis, Euphr, Puls
Ars alb, Coloc, Gels,
Lyc, Nux
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Argentum nitricum
Clinical features
• Outgoing personality. Impulsive and hurried. Anxiety,
anticipatory; phobia – with restless agitation, GIT
symptoms - diarrhoea, sweat, palpitation, flatulence.
Flatulence. Purulent, acrid conjunctivitis.
Key characteristics
• Personality. Pain like splinter.
• Modalities: < heat, stuffy, stress, sweets;
> cool, open air, motion.
• Food: Desires sweets AND salt, < sweets.
• Temp and weather: Hot, craves fresh air, > cool air.
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Arnica
Clinical applications
Differential diagnosis
1. Traumatic shock;
Acon;
2. Trauma: pre-, post-op; dental; Hyp, Led, Rhus, Ruta, Symph
post-partum; over-exertion (cramp);
3. Bleeding
Ferrum phos, Phos;
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Arnica
Clinical features
• Bruising, soft tissue damage; capillary bleeding;
soreness, stiffness.
Key characteristics
• Mental state: denies problem, resents interference
- cf Bryonia; Aetiology.
Modalities: < touch, avoids touch.; jarring,
motion; > lying, rest.
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Arsenicum album
Clinical applications
1. Anxiety;
2.
Hay fever;
3.
Coryza
Differential diagnosis
Acon, Arg nit, Gels,
Lyc, Phos, Sil;
Allium, Ambrosia,
Arundo, Euphrasia,
Sabadilla;
Arg nit, Coloc, Gels
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Arsenicum album
Clinical features
• Anxiety: insecurity, health, trifles, worrier; agitated restless; fastidious.
Burning pains > warmth. Acrid, scanty, watery (nasal) discharges;
nasal discharge alt. obstruction; sneezing. Very chilly.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type; Typical pain/temperature modality; Time
modality.
• Modalities: > warmth, hot applications, hot food, motion; < rest,
midnight to 2 am; all cold, incl. cold food and drink, exertion.
• Food: Thirst warm drinks, small amounts. Desires: sour things
Adverse: fat < fruit
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Belladonna
Clinical applications
1. Fever;
Differential diagnosis
Aconite, Ferrum phos,
Nux;
2. Otitis, Pharyngitis;
3. Croup;
4. Headache;
Cham, Ferr phos, Puls;
Bell;
Bry, Gels, Nat mur,
Nux;
Hepar;
5. Abscess;
6. Sunstroke
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Belladonna
Clinical features
• Irritability. Sudden. Red, hot and dry. Thirst +/-. High fever. Intense,
throbbing, burning pain. Bright red face (flushed), ear drum or throat.
Dilated pupils. Throbbing head. Febrile convulsion. Jerks and spasms.
Oversensitiveness - all senses.
Key characteristics
• Acute condition. Character of fever. Suddenness, intensity; Redness,
heat;
• Mental state: Night terrors, hallucinations, delirium, confusion.
• Modalities: < draught, light, noise, touch, jarring.
• Food: Desires lemons.
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Bryonia
Clinical applications
1. Arthritis, chronic or acute
Differential diagnosis
Apis, Kali bic,
Ledum, Puls, Rhus,
Ruta;
2.
Bell, Nat mur, Nux;
Headache
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Bryonia
Clinical features
• Irritable, wants to be left alone. Joints red, swollen, hot.
Stitching or bursting pains. Splitting headache. Dry,
thirsty.
Key characteristics
• Characteristic pain; Mental state - cf Arnica; Laterality.
• Modalities: < least motion; touch; heat; eating > pressure;
lying on painful side; cool, open air.
• Food: Thirst for large amounts, cold drinks. < Fruit.
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Calc carb
Clinical applications
1. URT: Recurrent, catarrhal;
2. ENT: Otitis
Differential diagnosis
Kali bic, Puls;
Bell, Cham, Ferr phos,
Puls;
3.
Nux, Sil;
Constipation;
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Calc carb
Clinical features
• Slow, sluggish – mind and body. Anxious. Overweight, chilly, sweaty.
Constipation (feels better). Lymphadenopathy. Delayed development.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type; Anxiety/depression: fearful, state of mind, being
observed, duty. Family cares. Key generals, including foods.
• Modalities: < cold, physical and mental exertion, pressure of clothes,
milk, dentition; > rubbing, lying on back, dark.
• Food: Desires eggs, ice cream, sweets, indigestible things;
averse coffee, meat. < milk.
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Chamomilla
Clinical applications
1. Teething;
2. ENT: Otitis
Differential diagnosis
Merc sol;
Bell, Ferr phos,
Puls;
3.
Coloc;
Colic;
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Chamomilla
Clinical features
• Frantic, angry, with intolerance of pain ; ugly, cross,
uncivil and quarrelsome. Twitchings and convulsions
during teething.
Key characteristics
• Modalities: < evening/night, anger; > warm wet weather,
being carried.
• Food: < Coffee.
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Colocynth
Clinical applications
1. Colic: abdo, dysmen;
2. Diarrhoea
Differential diagnosis
Cham;
Arg nit, Ars alb, Gels,
Sulph;
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Colocynth
Clinical features
• Cramping pain - > pressure, doubling up, warmth.
Diarrhoea: watery, < after eating/drinking.
Key characteristics
• Mental state: (ailments from) anger;
Characteristic pain. Fruit: < Fruit.
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Euphrasia
Clinical applications
1. Conjunctivitis;
2. Hay fever; Coryza;
Differential diagnosis
Apis, Arg nit, Puls;
Allium, Ambrosia, Ars alb,
Arundo, Nat mur, Puls, Sabad;
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Euphrasia
Clinical features
• Acrid tears, bland nasal discharge itching eyes,
photophobia.
Key characteristics
• Modalities: < evening, indoors, warmth, light; >
open air, dark.
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Ferrum phos
Clinical applications
1. Fever;
2. ENT: Otitis;
3. Bleeding, epistaxis
Differential diagnosis
Bell, Nux;
Bell, Cham, Puls;
Phos;
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Ferrum phos
Clinical features
• Early stages of febrile illness and inflammation. Slow
onset. Mild fever. Full, soft, flowing pulse. Flush/pallor.
Dull red ear drum. Venous congestion with oozing
haemorrhages. Thirsty, sweaty, shivery.
Key characteristics
• Character of fever. Appearance of ear drum cf Bell.
• Modalities: < exertion, open air, jarring; > gentle
motion, cold applications.
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Gelsemium
Clinical applications
1. Anxiety;
2.
3.
URT: Flu;
Diarrhoea, nervous;
4.
Headache;
Differential diagnosis
Arg nit, Lyc, Phos, Puls,
Sil;
Merc, Nux;
Arg nit, Ars alb, Coloc,
Sulph;
Bell, Bry, Nat mur, Nux
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Gelsemium
Clinical features
• Weakness. Anxiety, anticipatory, stage fright; phobia;
‘paralysis’ of mind, voice or body; heaviness, tremor, incoordination. Flu: gradual, thirstless, shaky, listless, heavy,
drowsy, dull, headache.
Key characteristics
• Paralysis,weakness, tremor; Thirstless. Character of fever.
• Modalities: < damp weather, heat, thinking of
symptoms; > sweating, urinating, open air,
stimulants, motion.
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Ignatia
Clinical applications
1. Emotional ailments; grief.
Staphys;
Differential diagnosis
Nat mur, Phos, Puls,
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Ignatia
Clinical features
• Grief - silent, sighing. Volatile emotions.
Disappointed love. Contradictory/paradoxical
symptoms. Sensation of a lump. Spasm.
Key characteristics
• Food: Desires sour/acid things. < Coffee, sweets.
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Ipecac
Clinical applications
1. URT: Cough;
2. GIT: Nausea, vomiting;
(travel sickness),
3. Bleeding, Epistaxis;
Differential diagnosis
Phos;
Cocculus, Nux, Petrol
Phos, Tabacum
Fer phos, Phos;
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Ipecac
Clinical features
• Nausea, constant; vomiting (doesn’t relieve)
– nothing ameliorates; < smell of food,
movement; salivation. Cough: wheezy,
spasmodic, causing vomiting, < movement.
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Lachesis
Clinical applications
1. PMT;
2. Menopause;
3. ENT: Pharyngitis;
Differential diagnosis
Nat mur, Puls, Sep;
Sep;
Bell, Lyc, Merc;
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Lachesis
Clinical features
• PMT: anger, jealousy, tirades, loquacity; bloating, < tight
clothes. Flushes of heat (menopausal). Pharyngitis: L
sided, < warm food/drinks, < liquids cf solids.
Key characteristics
• Mental state - jealousy, loquacity; laterality, temperature
modalities, time modality. Intolerance of tight clothes.
• Modalities: > free discharges, e.g. onset menstrual
flow, cool air; < after sleep/waking, morning,
heat (sun), alcohol.
• Food: Desires alcohol.
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Lycopodium
Clinical applications
1. Anxiety;
2.
3.
4.
Stress reaction;
GIT: Flatulence, Dyspepsia;
ENT: Pharyngitis;
Differential diagnosis
Arg nit, Gels, Phos,
Puls, Sil;
Nux;
Arg nit, Nux;
Bell, Lach, Merc;
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Lycopodium
Clinical features
• Anxiety, anticipatory, lacks confidence, but performs well –
conscientious, desire to be in control, irritable, hypochondriacal;
GIT symptoms: heartburn, fullness, distension, flatulence
(belching, farting; both >), onion. Pharyngitis: Rsided,
>warm drinks.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type. Laterality. Temperature modality, time
modality.
• Modalities: < 4pm - 8pm, heat (exc throat), eating;
> after midnight, cool air, motion, urinating, belching.
• Food: Desire sweets, alcohol. Aversion to coffee
slimy food. <Onions.
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Merc sol
Clinical applications
1. URT: Flu;
2. Teething;
3. ENT: Otitis media,
Pharyngitis/tonsillitis.
Differential diagnosis
Gels, Nux;
Cham;
Bell, Calc, Cham, Ferr
phos, Lach, Puls, Sil;
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Merc sol
Clinical features
• Fever: sweat ++, offensive, < heat and cold, tongue
indented, metallic taste. Teething: sweaty, salivation ++.
Offensive sweat, breath, discharges.
Key characteristics
• Temperature reaction.
• Modalities: < night, sweating, lying on right side,
when heated, drafts, damp cold; > moderate
temperature, rest.
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Natrum mur
Clinical applications
1. Emotional ailments;
2. PMT;
3. Headache;
Differential diagnosis
Ign, Staphys;
Lach, Puls, Sep;
Bell, Bryonia, Nux;
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Natrum mur
Clinical features
• Grief, ailments from grief – can’t cry or weeps alone,
< consolation; hides feelings.
• PMT: irritable, resentful, critical, dwells on upsets; selfdoubt/self-criticism. Headache, hammering, < sun.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type. Aetiology. Greasy skin and hair.
• Modalities: < sympathy, sea air, exertion, before menses,
morning and forenoon; > fresh air, gentle exercise.
• Food: Desires salt. Aversion to bread, fat slimy
food. Thirsty.
• Temp and weather: Desires fresh air; chilly but
intolerant of heat
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Nux vom
Clinical applications
Differential diagnosis
1. Stress reaction, irritability;
Lyc;
2. GIT: Dyspepsia, constipation; Arg nit, Lyc;
3. Headache;
Bell, Bry, Gels, Natmur;
4. Fever;
Aconite, Bell, Ferr phos,
Nux
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Nux vom
Clinical features
• Anger, irritability, impatience, hard working (workaholic), hard
living, fastidious, desire stimulants. GIT symptoms: indigestion,
nausea (> vomit), constipation. Headache in the morning
(hangover).
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type: driving type A personality. Oversensitive:
noise, smells, light.
• Modalities: < early morning, dry cold, open air, uncovering, high
living, slight causes; > warmth, damp (exc before rain), lying.
• Food: Desires alcohol, coffee, fat, spices, coffee,
tobacco.
• Temp and weather: Chilly; intolerant of wind, < wind.
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Phosphorus
Clinical applications
1. URT: Cough;
2. Anxiety;
3.
Bleeding, epistaxis;
Differential diagnosis
Ipecac;
Arg nit, Gels, Lyc,
Puls, Sil;
Ferr phos;
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Phosphorus
Clinical features
• Sympathetic, affectionate and very sensitive to others’
feelings. Fears - something will happen, imaginary things,
dark, thunderstorms. Haemorrhages. Cough: tickling,
< cold air, talking; painful laryngitis. Burning pains >
cold.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type;
• Modalities: < lying on left side, emotions, cold, evening;
> eating; sleep.
• Food: Desires cold food, cheese, ice-(cream),
salt, spices. Thirst for cold drinks.
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Pulsatilla
Clinical applications
1. URT/ENT: Catarrh;
recurrent infection,
otitis med;
2. Conjunctivitis;
3. Styes;
4. Cystitis;
5. Arthritis;
6. PMT;
7. Anxiety
Differential diagnosis
Kali bic, Merc, Sil;
Arg nit, Euph;
Staphys;
Apis,Cantharis, Staphys
Apis, Bryonia, Rhus;
Lach, Nat mur, Sep;
Arg nit, Ars Alb, Gels,
Lyc, Phos, Puls, Sil
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Pulsatilla
Clinical features
• Timid, weepy, desires company and consolation/affection; changeable,
obstinate, flirtatious. Catarrh, snuffles – profuse, bland, yellow/green
(and all discharges); Conjunctivitis. Styes - upper lid. UT symptoms:
urethra syndrome; pain before, during and after urination. Wandering
joint pains <warmth, > continued gentle motion. PMT - weepy, can't
cope, wants company and consolation.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type; Symptoms changeable;
• Modalities: < warmth, rest, beginning of motion, twilight, rich foods,
fat; > cold, continued gentle motion, open air; after crying, lying on
back.
• Food: Thirstless. Desires cold food. Averse fat, hot food.
< bread, fat, fruit, pastry, rich food.
• Temp and weather: >open air, < heat, and stuffy/warm rooms.
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Rhus tox
Clinical applications
1. Arthritis;
2.
Skin eruption;
Differential diagnosis
Apis, Puls, Kali bic,
Ruta;
Sulph; Petrol;
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Rhus tox
Clinical features
• Joint pain and stiffness: Any joints; Key
modalities; Restlessness.
• Eruptions: Urticaria, vesicles - itching > heat.
Key characteristics
• Essential modality cluster: temperature, weather,
movement.
• Food: Desires milk.
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Sepia
Clinical applications
1. PMT;
2. Menopause;
Differential diagnosis
Lach, Nat mur, Puls;
Lach;
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Sepia
Clinical features
• Depression/PMT: apathetic, irritable, put-upon,
weary/worn out, averse loved-ones; < consolation. Pelvic
bearing down pain Sweaty.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type; Sallow complexion;
• Modalities: < cold air, before menses, afternoon and/or
evening, before storm; > dancing, strenuous exercise,
warmth, thunderstorm.
• Food: Desires vinegar, pickles and acids.
Aversion to meat, fats and rich food which <.
And < Milk
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Silica
Clinical applications
1. ENT/URT: recurrent infection otitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis;
adenopathy;
2. Abscess, suppuration;
3. Splinters and foreign bodies;
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Differential diagnosis
Calc, Hepar, Merc,
Puls;
Belladonna, Hepar;
Silica
Clinical features
• Anxious, timid; but can be resolute; refined, sensitive to all
impressions; conscientious. Child small for age. Recurrent
ENT/URT conditions; lymphadenopathy. Suppuration:
aids resolution. Constipation. Anal fissure. Sweats: Foot
sweat foul. Chilly but sweaty.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type;
• Modalities: < cold air, damp, change damp to dry,
pressure; > warmth, warm wraps.
• Food: Averse meat
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Staphysagria
Clinical applications
1. Trauma - surgical, invasive,
'oscopies, 'otomies;
2. Cystitis - 'honeymoon' cystitis.
3. Styes;
Differential diagnosis
Arnica, Hypericum;
4.
Ignatia, Nat mur;
Emotional ailments;
Apis, Cantharis, Puls;
Puls, Sulph;
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Staphysagria
Clinical features
• Incised wounds, surgical trauma, invasive
procedures; cystoscopy, shincterotomy, etc.;
pre-/postop care. Cystitis after intercourse;
Recurrent styes; Ailments from anger, grief
and disappointed love, 'mortification' and
humiliation, anger, suppressed
anger/indignation.
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Sulphur
Clinical applications
1. Skin eruption;
2. Conjunctivitis;
3. Blepharitis and styes;
4. Diarrhoea;
Differential diagnosis
Ars alb, Graphites,
Petroleum, Rhus tox;
Arg nit, Euph, Puls;
Puls, Staphys;
Arg nit, Ars alb, Coloc,
Gels;
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Sulphur
Clinical features
• Eruptions: itchy (< scratching, washing, at night), hot, red,
excoriated. Conjunctivitis, blepharitis and styes: burning, itching,
hot, red. Diarrhoea - driving out of bed in the morning.
Key characteristics
• Constitutional type; Lazy, selfish, philosophical, opinionated,
untidy. Redness of orifices. Hot feet - has to stick them out of bed.
Faint sinking feeling (in abdomen) about 11am.
• Modalities: < 11 am, bathing, becoming overheated,
overexertion, standing, milk, >dry, warm weather,
open air, motion.
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