UTTAR BANGA KRISHI VISWAVIDYALAYA
WHERE WISDOM IS FREE
PUNDIBARI, COOCHBEHAR,
WEST BENGAL-736165
UBKV, COOCHBEHAR, WB 2
WHERE WISDOM IS FREE
Districtwise Agri-features and Institutional
Presence of UBKV in North Bengal
WHERE WISDOM IS FREE
3
IMPORTANT FEATURES OF
NORTH BENGAL
• Geographical Area: 21541 sq km
• Population : 1.87 crores
– Rural – 86%
– SC / ST population – 40%
– Small and Marginal Farmers – 88%
• Soil
–
–
–
–
–
Light textured, deficient in macro and micronutrient
Low soil pH, high water table
High humidity (Max.: 87-97%; Min: 43-65%)
Rainfall – 1485 mm (Malda) to 3508mm (Jalpaiguri)
Poor irrigation facility, 38% (Malda) to 16%
(Coochbehar); State average: 42.8%
4
Area, Production and Productivity of Wheat in West Bengal
Year
Area
(‘000ha.)
Production
(‘000 ton)
Productivity
(kg/ha.)
2001-02
426.0
1058.6
2485
2002-03
405.4
887.4
2189
2003-04
425.7
985.7
2315
2004-05
400.1
841.5
2103
2005-06
367.0
774.0
2109
2006-07
351.0
799.0
2281
2007-08
353.0
917.0
2602
2008-09
316.0
765.0
2490
2009-10
307.0
847.0
2680
Source: Economic Review, Govt. of W.B
Major Cropping sequence
- Old – Alluvial Zone
•Winter rice - Fallow
•Winter rice - Summer rice
•Maize - winter rice - Potato / wheat / vegetable
(emerging)
- Terai Zone
•Winter rice - Fallow
•Jute / Maize – winter rice – Potato / vegetable
Intervening Areas for Wheat Area expansion
- Old – Alluvial Zone
•Replacement of summer rice by wheat
•Expansion of wheat area through
covering fallow and utilizing excess water
from boro-paddy for supplementary use
-Terai Zone
 Expansion of area through covering
fallow utilizing residual soil moisture
 Application of supplementary irrigation at
critical growth stage through decreasing
potato area.
Major constraints of wheat production in West Bengal
•Late transplanting of paddy after jute coupled with long duration varieties
like Swarna
•Late sowing of wheat
- Loss / problem in harvesting due to occurrence of pre-monsoon
rain
- Suffering from terminal heat during panical / ripening stage
- Non-availability of good late sown variety
- Micronutrient deficiency such as boron cause spikelet sterility in
wheat
- Occurrence of foliar blight diseases like Zonate Eye Spot, Leaf
Blight, Tan Spot, Spot Blotch
Spikelet sterility
Preharvest sprouting
Foliar blight
BASED ON AUDPC 2
ENTRY
No.
CROSS NAMES
6746 ELVIRA//INQALAB 91*2/KUKUNA
AUDPC1 AUDPC2
83.33
148.15
6702 TILHI/4/CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA (213)//PGO/3/CMH81.38/2*KAUZ
108.02
169.75
6739 PBW343/HUITES/4/YAR/AE. SQUARROSA (783)//MILAN/3/BAV92
101.85
197.53
6726 INQALAB 91*2/KUKUNA//2*KRONSTAD F2004
129.63
216.05
6731 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ*2/5/CNO79//PF70354/MUS/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92
157.41
216.05
6742 PBW343*2/KUKUNA//PBW343*2/KUKUNA/3/PBW343
166.67
231.48
6719 WHEAR/3/PBW343/PASTOR//ATTILA/3*BCN
182.10
246.91
6729 CNDO/R143//ENTE/MEXI_2/3/AEGILOPS SQUARROSA TAUS)/4/WEAVER……
154.32
262.35
6749 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ*2/5/CNO79//PF70354/MUS/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92
185.19
287.04
6751 LOCAL CHECK
188.27
287.04
6710 CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA (205)//KAUZ/3/SASIA/4/TROST
191.36
293.21
6738 WAXWING*2/CIRCUS
182.10
293.21
6707 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ*2/5/CNO79//PF70354/MUS/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92
185.19
299.38
6714 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ*2/4/KRONSTAD F2004
216.05
302.47
Selection of stress tolerant wheat
• Selection of terminal heat tolerant
varieties for late (15th December) and very late
(30th December) sown conditions
•
•
Late Sown- Francolin (4.05 t/ha), and NW 2036
(3.40 t/ha)
Very Late Sown- Francolin (3.24 t/ha), and NW
2036 (2.84 t/ha)
Selection of genotypes for tolerance to Boron
Defficiency
UBW 5 (BD(JAM)208-IJE-OJE-OJE……..), UBW 6 (CMSS
93Y02712T-40Y………….), UBW 7
(TNMU/3/ALD/COC/URES)
ZERO-TILLAGE WHEAT
(Conservation Agriculture Approach)
•
•
•
•
•
Use varieties suitable for late sowing
To utilize residual soil moisture
Area expansion of wheat for high ecological land use.
To combat weed problem
Minimize disease occurrence
Varietal Performance
– HD 2733, DBW 39 (Timely Sown)
– NW 2036, Francolin (Late Sown)
12
WHERE WISDOM IS FREE
Sl. Variety
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Francolin
Ruby
Agrim
HD 2827
Sarpat
DBW 17
DBW 39
DBW 38
Munal
Ko 307
Raj 4120
HD 2687
HD 2985
HD 2733
PBW 621
Sonalika
Yield (t/h)
ZT
5.20
3.36
2.90
3.80
3.91
3.80
5.30
3.85
4.20
4.72
3.60
3.84
3.59
5.20
4.10
3.78
CT
5.25
4.58
2.39
3.97
3.14
3.40
5.17
4.65
3.95
4.50
3.76
3.50
3.70
5.35
4.23
3.85
Foliar blight
ZT
CT
55
75
54
75
75
77
55
55
54
75
54
75
54
55
75
75
55
75
74
75
75
75
55
54
75
75
55
55
54
55
77
79
Weed- A major problem for NEPZ
Polygonum pensylvanicum
Polygonum persicaria
Weed pressure in wheat at Coochbehar
Polygonum hydropiper
Zero tillage had considerably reduced weed pressure,
however, it caused shifting of weed flora from
•Polygonum and
•Stellaria media
to
•Hydrocotyl ranunculoides, Solanum niagrum,
• New species of Polygonum (?)
•Ageratum conyzoides
•Stellaria acquatica
15
WHERE WISDOM IS FREE
Spot Blotch
WHERE WISDOM IS FREE
DIFFERENCE OF AUDPC BETWEEN CT AND ZT.
Zonate Eye Spot
400.00
350.00
300.00
250.00
200.00
150.00
100.00
50.00
0.00
-50.00
-100.00
PBW 343
HD 2733
DBW 14
NW 2036
SONALIKA
2007-08
240.74
203.70
138.89
222.22
342.62
2008-09
185.19
-9.26
74.07
18.54
175.96
2009-10
83.33
-37.04
27.75
46.29
16
120.39
Development of system approach adopting conservation
measure :
- Zero tillage sowing for all the crops
- Introduction of medium duration paddy varieties ( 130 days)
- Direct seeded rice based on weather forecasting
- Unpuddled transplanted rice – through manually /
transportation
- Inclusion of legume in crop rotation / mix cropping during
prekharif / rabi
season
- Bio-priming of seeds / application of bio-fertilizers
- Crop residue management
ZT-cowpea
ZT-mung
With
Bio-priming
Direct
Seeded
Rice with
Brown Manuring
ZT-Maize
With
Residue
Our
Efforts
ZT-Jute
On
Wheat
Residue
Zt-Wheat
On
Rice
Residue
18
WHERE WISDOM IS FREE
Problems and Opportunities
1.Soil constraints
i) Widespread deficiency of
micronutrients (Zn and B)
ii) Low soil organic matter
iii) Acidic pH
iv) Sandy to sandy loam texture
v) Fragmented land
2.Use of low productive varieties
3.Imbalance in nutrient management
4.Disease incidence at epidemic level
5.Aggressive growth of weeds
• Increase area under cultivation by converting
fallow land into cropped area
• Soil
•crop residue management
•green manuring through surface
mulching
•reduced or zero tillage
•efficient utilization of nutrients
(using bio-fertilizers)
• Soil Health Assessment
• Microbial Activity
• Carbon pool assessment
• Physico-chemical attributes
•Disease
• Study of disease dynamics
• Biological management of residue
•Weeds
• Weed dynamics and shifting
• Weed management
•Varietal Development
•Suited to ZT condition,
•Boron deficiency tolerant
19
•Late heat tolerant