Vehicle ELT Homings
Module 5
Of
CASARA ELT Training Plan
Presentation
 Fore- Aft / Left- Right Antenna Setup
 Homer check
 LL-16 DF Indicator
 Crewmember Responsibilities
 Vehicle Homing Protocol
 Ground Search Checklist
 Tracking a Signal
Using the LL-16
Fore- Aft / Left- Right Antenna Setup
Setting Up Vehicle For Homing
Antenna cables
Coupled LEFT RIGHT – FORE AFT
Antenna set-up
Recommended 20 inches apart
Power Supply
Use car battery whenever you can
Have extra AA batteries with you
Four Antenna - Vehicle
• Antenna Spacing Design
• Recommended for
frequency range
• 118-136 Mhz
• 20 inches
• Ref Pg.16 LA Series
L-tronics L-per Manual
Vehicle Coupling Connection
Left / Right
1. You will find that the antennas
are connected in couples and
are identified at the base
Left / Right or Fore / Aft.
2. Take one couple, and place
one on the Left of the car roof,
and one on the right.
–
Vehicle
Coupling Connection
3. Take the lead-in cable from
these two antennas, and
connect it to the“Left / Right”
4. Check coax continuity by
confirming ant icon in upper
right corner of display
Left / Right
Vehicle Coupling Connection
Fore / Aft
• Take the second set of
antennas, and place one on
the front, and the other on
the rear of the roof.
• Connect the lead - in cable
from these two antennas, to
the “Fore / Aft” connector
• Check coax continuity by
disconnecting the left right
coax and then connect the
fore / aft coax to confirm ant
icon is displayed in upper
right corner.
• Then reconnect left /right
coax
• Confirm antenna spacing
Vehicle
Coupling Connection
Fore
Aft
Antenna Spacing - Vehicle
Fore
Aft
Left/Right
Spacing
Recommended
Length 20”
Centered
Pg.16
LA Series
L-tronics L-per
Manual
CASARA Training Manual Rev. Jan 03 Pg 143
Option Left /Right Antenna Only
1. If the option is to go with one set
of antennas
2. Spacing should be 20 inches
Anything beyond this measurement
can degrade DF Resolution
3. Take the lead-in cable from these
two antennas and connect it to
the“ Left / Right ”
4. Check coax continuity by
confirming ant icon in upper right
corner of display
5. Complete test left / right and
center
–
Vehicle
Coupling Connection
Left / Right
Antenna Spacing – Vehicle
Two Antenna Only
Left/Right
Spacing
Recommended
Length 20”
Centered
Pg.16
LA Series
L-tronics L-per
Manual
CASARA Training Manual Rev. Jan 03 Pg 143
Caution If Attaching
Transmitting Antenna
• All transmitting antennas including HF
and CB
• Should be separated from the DF
antennas using the minimum safe
distances
• Switching diodes can be damaged if
transmitting antennas are to close.
• If damaged meter will deflect to one
side only or stay centered
• Can confirm watts output of the radio
by checking the specs in the radio
manual
Testing Homer
• Once antennas is setup and
connected to the homer then the
reliability check must be completed
• Set VHF Radio on proper frequency
123.10 (Training) or on 121.5
(Distress Freq)
• Be sure vehicle is away from
building and metal fences before
checking
• Walk around vehicle to different
points and key the mike where the
LL-16 operator in vehicle will
confirm direction on the directional
indicator to the radio operator
Are there any questions?
LL-16 DF Indicator- 4 Antenna
• Following illustration will show how the LL-16 DF indicator will
be display to different position in relation to the beacon.
• Note bars will jump in reaction to passing vehicles , power
lines , building and fence reflections.
• Thin vertical center line means ELT signal center left – right.
• Thin horizontal center line means ELT signal center fore – aft.
• Low strength number will always be displayed even if there is
no signal detected.
• Strength numbers in this example may not be accurate for
this illustration.
Center Indication Left – Right
When ELT Is at Front or Rear Of Vehicle
121.5000
ELT-1
555
am
L
Center Indication Left – Right
When ELT Is at Front or Rear Of Vehicle
121.5000
ELT-1
455
am
L
Center Indication Fore / Aft
When ELT Is Right or Left Of Vehicle
121.5000
ELT-1
500
am
L
Center Indication Fore / Aft
When ELT Is Right or Left Of Vehicle
121.5000
ELT-1
500
am
L
Center Indication Left – Right 2 Antenna Only
When ELT Is at Front or Rear Of Vehicle
121.5000
ELT-1
555
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
455
am
am
LL
121.5000
ELT-1
435
515
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
435
527
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
435
533
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
435
524
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
435
455
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
435
505
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
435
578
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
599
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
605
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
615
am
L
121.5000
ELT-1
600
am
L
Are there any questions?
Crewmember Responsibilities
Driver
- responsible for vehicle and fuel
- must drive and park responsibly
- will stay with vehicle
Navigator
- sit up front with driver
- Operates GPS
- Responsible for maps 1:250,000 topo and 1:500,000
- Navigation tools
- keep record of roads travel
First aid person
- recommended to have with crew
- responsible for backpack and first aid kit
- crew service radio-cell phone
Homer operator
- responsible for setup and
- testing homer
- carry spare batteries
- should sit in back seat( Homer may be distraction for driver)
Vehicle Homing Protocol
Travel
-
All traffic laws must be obeyed including speed limits/seat belts/ operating cell etc
Recommended to have CASARA Logo Displayed on vehicle.
4 way flashers may be used when traveling below the speed limit or moving on the
shoulder of the road.
4 way flashers must be used when parked on the side of a road.
Vehicles are not to travel where they may get stuck.
Vehicles are not to drive on private property without owners consent.
Airport
- Vehicles must NOT travel on airside of an airport unless;
• they are escorted or have a Flashing orange light,( VISIBLE 360 Degrees)
• a functioning two way aircraft radio and
• have obtained permission from Air Traffic Services prior to entering airside.
• An unescorted vehicle must have a person onboard with a Airside Vehicle Operators
Permit and Restricted Radio Operators License.
Ground Search Checklist
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Crew dress for outdoors including proper footwear
Orange safety vest for all personnel
Communication- Hand held VHF air band radio
( external antenna preferred)
- cell phone , sat phone
- 2 radios for crew communication
- contact list
- communication log and Casara Handbook
- clipboard and paper
First Aid Kit-should be in a backpack
- modified with extra latex gloves.
- Pocket mask
- splinting supplies
- copy of first aid manual
Survival Backpack
- Blankets , ground sheet, tarp, ties or ties strap
- Spare Batteries / Screwdriver
- glow sticks
- flash light, signal mirror
- fire starting aids
- water, food
- trail markers
Navigation gear
- GPS ( spare batteries)
- Compass
- Charts, ruler, protractor (pencils, pen)
Ready For Search
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Search briefing completed
Casara Handbook in Vehicle?
Check list completed
Sufficient fuel in vehicle
Before leaving
– Call JRCC and check for updates
– Leave a list of crew with contact numbers
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Should have OPS Norm time establish
LL-16 MUST BE ON when enroute to site
Homer on proper frequency
LL- 16 should be set on DF mode
Tracking a Signal
• If signal is detected stop vehicle where safe.
• Note location and obtain bearing away from vehicle
and be aware of other items that may reflect signals.
• Mark bearing line on map.
• Then, select another location to get second bearing.
• Triangulate the source of the signal.
• Report to base or JRCC.
• Watch for centre or change in direction.
• Always look for sources of error.
Park vehicle at a safe location
Mark Location
Homer operator try to find center
(Note things that can interfere with signal)
Take bearing
Notify operations (Base-JRCC)
Plot best route according to bearing
Park vehicle at a safe location
Mark Location
Homer operator try to find center
(Note things that can interfere with signal)
Take bearing
Mark on map where second bearing
crosses first bearing
Notify operations (Base-JRCC)
Plot best route to intersection
For best results try to get a third bearing
Closing in
• Use these methods for airports or depots where multiple
choices of target exist.
• When you reach the building circle it about 200 ft away as
open space will permit to confirm the right building.
• Once inside building ask occupants if there is an ELT
stored nearby or a radio shop in the building..
• Select received mode because DF can become unreliable
due to reflections in close space.
• Homer antenna can be folded at this point.
• Use signal strength meter.
• Check ELT antenna on each aircraft .
• Use Handheld Radio.
– Tune off frequency
ELT Located
Rescue Situation Ground
• Note
• JRCC are unlikely to knowingly
send a CASARA ground team to a
crash site as first responders.
• However there may be
circumstances where a CASARA
ground homing team may, due
to lack of valid information, be
involved as First on Scene
responders to a crash site.
• Precautions should be followed
to protect the victims and those
responders approaching the
crash site.
ELT Located
Rescue Situation Ground
• ON SCENE Protocol
• Crew prioritizes their initial
actions.
• Confirm roles and
responsibilities.
• Contact JRCC First , then 911
and inform Searchmaster.
• Report GPS location.
• Call out and identify yourself as
you approach the aircraft
advising that you are on your
way, to stay calm and do not
move.
• Listen for a response.
Are there any questions?
That’s All For Now
Have a pleasant drive!
CASARA
“THAT OTHERS MAY LIVE”
THANK YOU