FUEL OIL SYSTEM
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TYPES OF FUEL OIL
Light diesel oil (LDO)
•High speed diesel oil (HSD)
•Heavy Furnace oil (HFO)
•Low sulphur heavy stock (LSHS)
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USE OF DIFFERENT TYPES
•
LDO & HSD normally used in
Auxiliary boiler
•Ignitor for certain boiler design.
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HFO generally used for power boiler
Heavy Fuel oil (HFO) specification:
• service : Oil Burners
• Standard: IS 1593/1971 Grade HV
•Flash point(Min) : 66 deg,c
• Viscosity (Maxm.) : 370 CST at 50 deg,c
•Total sulphur :
4.5% by Weight
•Gross Heating Value: 10270 Kcal/Kg
Flash Point:The Flash point of a volatile liquid is the lowest
Temperature at which it can vaporize to form a ignitable mixture
In air.
Fuel Oil:
•Three Liquid Fuel used in power plant
1.Heavy Fuel Oil(HFO)
2.LSHS(Light sulphur Heavy stock)
3.HSD(High speed diesel)
Oil firing is preceded by:
1.Lowering viscosity and increasing flowability on
heating for better combustion
2.Droplet formation on atomization
3.Combustion initiation by High energy spark
ignition.
FUEL OIL SYSTEM:
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•
Purpose:
To establish initial Boiler Light up.
To support the Furnace flame during Low Load Operation
FUEL OIL SYSTEM CONSISTS OF:
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Unloading of fuel oil and storage system
Transfer of fuel oil to pressurising pump house
Drain oil system
Aux steam & condensate system
Electrical Tape tracing system:
Instrumentation & control system
Oil water separator system.
FO UNLOADING SYSTEM
Heavy oil is received at the site in railway
tankers of 20 tonne capacity each
•An unloading header with number of receiving
points for number of wagons unloading is
provided.
•The connections between loading header and
tankers are through rubber flexible hosepipes.
•Railway tankers are equipped with steam
heating coils.
•
Strainers
Transfer P/P
•
UNLOADING OF F.O AND STORAGE SYSTEM
The Fuel oil is supplied by railway wagons. The installation has
been
Provided for unloading 76 wagons simultaneously.For this purpose
one
Number unloading header of size 400 NB have been laid between
two
Railway tracks with 84 nos. 80 NB branches with plug valves
which
Surve as unloading points.400 NB branch is taken from the
unloading
Header to the pump house which surves as the suction header for 5
nos.
Unloading cum transfer pump.4 nos. pumps is used for unloading
and
I number as stand by.Each pump is 100 cm3 per hour capacity.
2. TRANSFER SYSTEM:
Oil from any of the 3 storage tanks can be transferred to the pressurising
Pump house by gravity through 200 NB transfer header.It is also possibl
To transfer oil from one storage tank to another , and for this purpose
200 Nb branch connection is taken from each section of transfer line of
Each storage tank and a 350 NB common recirculation line is installed.
Oil through this recirculation line would flow to suction header of unLoading pumps and through the pump oil can be taken to any desired
Storage tank by opening the desired inlet vv of storage tank.
3. DRAIN OIL SYSTEM:
In order to empty storage tank and or any branches, 80 NB and
25 NB ,Branch connection is taken from all lowest points and
through a common Header of 80 NB connected to Drain oil tank of
capacity 5 cum is Installed at lowest level of unloading pump
house.Oil from drain oil Tank to storage tank is to be transferred by
4 cum/hr capacity ,Screw pump named Drain Pump thorugh 50 NB
Drain Oil return header.
DRAIN
HDR
Drain
Tank
Drain Oil p/p
Oil
Tan
k
4. AUX STEAM & CONDENSATE SYSTEM:
• Aux. Steam is being supplied from pressurising pump house area
through 200 NB steam header.Steam is being received at a pressure
of 16 kG/cm2 and 212 deg c.
• Steam is drawn near each storage tank from the Aux steam header
through 150 NB branch connection to supply steam to floor coil
heater and suction heater.
• Pressure reducing station is installed near unloading pump house
to reduce the pressure of steam from 16 kg/cm2 to 4 kg/cm2.
• Condensate from railway wagon is collected through steam trap
station.For this purpose 42x2 nos steam trap stations have been
installed along the railway tracks and 2 nos 100 Nb condensate header
is provided along the oil unloading header.
• 2 nos. condensate header is connected to 150 NB common condensate
header which in turn connected to 5 cum capacity condensate flash tank.
• Condensate from heaters are also taken to same flash tank and finally
through 100 NB common header.
5. ELECTRICAL TAPE TRACING SYSTEM:
To maintain the temp. of oil in the piping and equipment at desired oil
Temperature,Electrical tracing tape is used.The tape used is constant
Wattage type series resistance type of tape.
The Oil temp. to be maintained is 65 deg c for HFO.
6. INSTRUMENTATION & CONTROL
SYSTEM:
Following instruments & controls have been
provided :
a. Pressure Indicator
b. Differntial Pressure gauge
c. Temperature Indicator
d. Temperature switch
Return oil
From Unit
FILLING HDR
Suction HDR
Return Hdr
I/L
HEATER
O/L
Steam
R/C
Return Steam
From Heater
Steam to Atmosphere
Flash
Tank
Water to Sump Pit
Sump Pump
Temperature control of oil through Floor coil heater:
For controlling Temp oil in storage tank through floor coil control
Valve (AS-CV_40-1,2,3) have been provided.Temperature in storage
Tank is sensed through temperature switch(TS-4,5,6),which open or
Close the solenoid valve as per predetermined temperature.(65 degc) set
In temperature switch.When temp falls below 65 degc,solenoid vv open
And instrument air from the instrument header flows through the
Solenoid vv to actuators of control vv to close the vv.
When temperature increases beyond 65 deg c ,solenoid vv is
Closed and control vv is closed by springs of the actuators.
Temperature control of oil through suction Heaters:
Temperature of oil in the suction heater is controlled by controlling the
Quantity of steam through the u tubes in suction heaters.For this purpose
Control vv with pneumati actuator is provided.Depending upon the
Temp. in the outflow branch of suction heater wrt to predetermined temp
(85 deg c),which is to be maintained,controller output air signal and
Accordingly actuator opens or close the control v/v to the event required
continously.
7. OIL WATER SEPARATOR SYSTEM:
•For draining water and spilled oil from the total fuel oil unloading
trench, a sump pit is provided. Condensate from flash tank is also
drained to this sump pit.
•Two nos. of vertical non-clog type sump pump of Capacity 30
cum/hr is installed in sump pit.When the level of water with oil
attains highest level one of the sump pump is started automatically.
Oil- water mixture from delivery of sump pit is taken to oil-water
Separator channel.
•At the far end of oil-water separator pit water is collected in one
chamber and from that free water is discharged in drain.Oil is
collected in other chamber from where it is to disposed of manually.
Oil Guns
HOTV
HORV
CV
Ef oil Gun
Cd oil gun
Ab oil gun
From pressurising pump house
To storage tank
Short recircultation line
Long recirculation line
Oil gun
Ignitor
Normal check up:
1.Fuel oil tank level is adequate. 2.6 m
2.suction tank temp adequate. (50-80 deg c.)
3.Heating steam is available.
4.Pump & heater is properly line up.
5.Re circulation line is line up.
Routine check up:
1.Tank level (between 2.6 m to 85.m)
2.Tank temp(50-80 deg c)
3.Pump suction strainer DP(less than 1 ksc)
4.pump discharge pr(18-20 ksc)
5.Pump current (30-35 amps)
6.Heater outlet temp(120-130 deg c)
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