Bellringer
What trade route
connected China and the
Middle East?
The Silk Road
To cut out the middle man and
Whymoney
did the Europeans
make
wants to find direct trade
routes to India and China?
Cultural diffusion, end to China’s
Name one positive and one
isolation
Disease,
robberies
negative
aspect of trade
along the Silk Road.
By promoting trade as Europeans
How
did the
in the
crusades
still crusades
wanted the
contribute
to inthe
Age of
middle
east goods
Europe
Exploration?
Age of Exploration Review
Crusades
The crusades were a series of holy wars
between the Europeans and Muslims.
Fighting occurred mostly in the Middle
East, near the Holy city of Jerusalem.
The crusaders were exposed to many
riches and luxuries, and when they
returned home they created demand
for more products.
Christians in Europe had
What is one challenge
to trade or by-pass
preventing Europeans
Muslim merchants to
from getting a direct
get the goods they
trade route?
desired
Motives
The trade of Europe was dominated by Italian and Muslim merchants at
this time. As a good passed from merchant to merchant its price
increased drastically. This prompted the Europeans to find their own
trade routes and get the items for much less.
Spice
trader
Muslim
merchant
to Italy
Italian
Merchant
to Europe
Bought
by
European
Technology Improves
As technology improved the Europeans were able to make longer sea voyages
Cartographers
Mapmakers created
more accurate maps
and sea charts
Astrolabe
Caravel
Used to measure angles of
New sail design that
the sun to find latitude
allowed for sailing into the
wind
Beats hand over hand
method
Notable Explorers
Explorer
Dias
Achievements
-Found the Cape of Good Hope; a sea passage to the
South of Africa
Columbus sailed the
ocean blue in 1492
De Gama
-Rounded the Cape of Good Hope and landed in India. Brought back tons of spices and
sold for huge profit
Columbus
-Established the first lasting trade between the Old world and the New World when he
found the Caribbean
First to circumnavigate the world
Magellan
Zheng He
Chinese explorer throughout the Indian Ocean.
Believed China was superior= ethnocentric
Treaty of Tordesillas
The pope set up boundaries for the New
World, awarding Africa to Portugal and the
Americas to Spain.
The Treaty of Tordesillas set up the
boundaries
Columbian Exchange
Positives
Negatives
-New foods thrived in Europe and created a
surplus of food (increase population)
-disease spread from Europe to the New
world
-permanent contact between the East and
West established
-Natives were slaves under Encomienda
Spanish Imperialism
The Spanish took control quickly for 3
reasons:
1) Better weapons, armor and horses
2) Allied with bitter conquered natives
3) Diseases such as small pox killed natives
New world Slaves
The Spanish took over the new world and established the Encomienda
system to create a labor force
Peninsulares- Spanish Born
Most Social systems in history
are based on socio-economic
Creoles- American born Spanish
status, such as occupation.
What is the Encomienda
Mestizos- Spanish and Native
system based
on?
American
Mulattoes- Spanish and African
Race
Natives and African (slaves)
African Slaves
As Encomienda slave labor decreased due
to deaths from over work and disease, the
Spanish turned to Africa for slaves
The slaves travelled along the Middle
Passage
Mercantilism
Europeans looked at colonies as existing to
provide raw materials and new markets.
Mercantilismeconomic policy where
a nation tries to export
more than it imports to
build wealth
Vortex
Columbian Exchange Review
The Columbian Exchange
established the first global
exchange system between
Europe and the Americas.
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