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The new nation was immediately invaded by
armies from neighboring Arab states. Five Arab
nations (Egypt, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, and Iraq)
attacked Israel on May 15, 1948

Israel won the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and
expanded its boundaries from the UN partition
plan.
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Since the establishment of Israel, the country
has had an ongoing conflict with the
Palestinians.
Hundreds of thousands of Palestinians have been
displaced and are living in poor conditions.
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The Palestine
Liberation
Organization is an
organization which
represents the
Palestinian people.
Its most famous
leader was Yasser
Arafat.
This organization was
founded in 1964.
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In 1974, the PLO was recognized by the United
Nations as the representative of the Palestinian
people.
The PLO has also fought militarily against Israeli
occupation of its land
It has been involved in numerous terrorist acts
against Israeli citizens.
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Fearing attack by
Egypt, Syria, Iraq and
Jordan, Israel
launched a
preemptive strike
Israel captured the
West Bank, Gaza
Strip, Sinai Peninsula
and the Golan
Heights.
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Iraq, Egypt, Syria, and
Jordan attacked Israel.
Israelis were
celebrating Yom Kippur
and had not
anticipated an attack.
After several weeks, a
cease fire was
reached.

The first peace treaty
between Israel and an
Arab state

Israel agreed to
return the Sinai
Peninsula to Egypt

After the treaty,
Egyptian President
Anwar Sadat was shot i
In 1993, the PLO and
Israel signed a peace
agreement to resolve
the Israeli-Palestinian
conflict.
The agreement
included the
following:
 Withdrawal of Israeli
forces from the Gaza
Strip and the West
Bank.

an Arabic word which literally means "shaking off,“

In English:
Resistance
Uprising
rebellion

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The Israeli government recognized the PLO as
the representative of the Palestinians

The PLO recognized the right of the state of
Israel to exist

The PLO also renounced terrorism, violence and
its desire for the destruction of Israel.

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In 1987, Palestinians
became frustrated
with their living
conditions and lack of
progress.
Intifada was a protest
of Israel's brutal
killings, torture, and
unfair treatment.

Often Palestinians fought the Israelis with low
tech weapons like rocks, but over time, they
gained access to guns and other explosives.

By 19931,162 Palestinians and 160 Israelis had died.


Israel made several offers for peace

Yasser Arafat rejected.

Palestinians refused to sign any agreement

The second Intifada has been far bloodier than
the first. Death tolls are at 4,000.

Israel believes that Yasser Arafat was not a true
partner for peace.
Evidences suggest that he has been involved in
terrorist activity.

Palestinians have grown frustrated by brutal
Jewish occupation.

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1. Jews believe that Israel is their promised land
A. True
B. False
2. Israel is in the middle of Africa
A. True
B. False
3. Most Palestinians speak
A. Hebrew B. Arabic
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4. Israel is surrounded by
A. 5 Arab countries B. 24 Arab countries
5. Israel became independent state in
A. 1948
B. 1944
6. Immediately after becoming an independent
state, Israel was attacked by
A. Four African countries B. Five Arab countries
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7. After the Holocaust, Jews were ignored by the
world community
A. True
B. False
8. Yasser Arafat was the leader of
A. OPEC B. PLO
9. Since 1948, Jews and Arabs are living peacefully
in the Middle East.
A. False
B. True
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10. United States has made serious efforts to bring
peace between Israel and Palestine
A. False
B. True

11. Do you believe that Arabs and Jews could live
peacefully if Israel was not created? Explain

12. Were US peace making efforts necessary? Why?
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
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13. Yasser Arafat was the leader of
A. United Nations B. Palestinian Liberation
Organization
14. Oslo Accord was to create peace between Israel
and Palestine
A. True B. False

15. Camp David Accord was to punish both
Palestinians and Israelis
A. True
B. False

16. Intifada in Arabic means

A. Shaking off
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B. friendship