Quiz: Financial instruments

International Financial Reporting Standards

Quiz:

Financial instruments

Joint World Bank and IFRS Foundation ‘train the trainers’ workshop hosted by the ECCB,

30 April to 4 May 2012

The views expressed in this presentation are those of the

The views expressed in this presentation are those of the

Foundation.

not necessarily those of the IASB or IFRS Foundation.

© IFRS Foundation | 30 Cannon Street | London EC4M 6XH | UK. www.ifrs.org

Question 1

1/1/X1 Entity A buys 100 share options for 2,000 cash.

The options permit Entity A to buy shares in a listed entity

XYZ for 50 per share at any time during the next 2 years.

Bank charges a fee of 20. On 1/1/X1 XYZ's share price is

44.

At what amount should Entity A initially measure the options?

a.

1,900 b.

1,980 c.

2,000 d.

2,020 e.

4,040


Solution 1

At what amount should Entity A initially measure the options?

a.

1,900 b.

1,980 c.

2,000 Initially measure at FV which is usually the transaction price. 20 fee is expensed because will measure at FVTPL .

d.

2,020 e.

4,040


Question 2

Same facts as Question 1. At 31/12/X1 Entity A has not yet exercised the option; XYZ share price is 47; fair value of option is 2,500.

At what amount should Entity A measure the options at

31/12/X1?

a.

1,980 b.

2,000 c.

2,020 d.

2,500 e.

4,700


Solution 2

Same facts as Question 1. At 31/12/X1 Entity A has not yet exercised the option; XYZ share price is 47; fair value of option is 2,500.

At what amount should Entity A measure the options at

31/12/X1?

a.

1,980 b.

2,000 c.

2,020 d.

2,500 Subsequent measurement at fair value e.

4,700


Question 3

6

Entity borrows 10,000 from a bank 5 years, fixed interest payable annually 6% in arrears (this is a market rate.)

Bank charges entity 50 loan application fee. Entity should measure the loan on initial recognition at...

a.

7,473 (= PV 10,000 at 6% for 5 years) b.

7,423 c.

9,950 d.

10,000 e.

10,050


Solution 3

Entity should measure the loan on initial recognition at...

7 a.

7,473 (= PV 10,000 at 6% for 5 years) b.

7,423 c.

9,950. Loan will be carried at amortised cost. Fee is netted against loan. Affects effective interest.

See next slide...

d.

10,000 e.

10,050


Solution 3 continued

7

8

5

6

Excel

1

2

3

4

A

9950

-600

-600

Using Excel to calculate internal rate of return in Question 3

-600

-600

-10600

0.6 [“Guess” at IRR, can omit]

6.11908% [=IRR(A1:A6,A7)]

8


Solution 3 continued 9

Year

1

2

Loan liability beginning

9,950

Interest expense at

6.11908%

609

9,959 609

3

4

5

9,968

9,978

9,989

610

611

611

Cash paid

600

600

600

600

600

Loan liability ending

9,959

9,968

9,978

9,989

10,000


Question 4

10

Entity A sells 100 of receivables to bank for 85. Entity A continues to collect and remit amounts collected to bank, for which bank pays a fee to Entity A. Entity A has no obligation for credit losses or for slow payment by debtors. How is this transaction accounted for?

a.

Entity A removes receivables from its balance sheet and shows no liability for 85 proceeds b.

Entity A keeps 100 receivables on its balance sheet and shows a liability for 85 c.

Entity A keeps 100 receivables on its balance sheet and shows no liability for 85 d.

Entity A removes receivables from its balance sheet and shows a liability for 85


Solution 4

11

How is this transaction accounted for?

a.

Entity A removes receivables from its balance sheet and shows no liability for 85 proceeds b.

Entity A keeps 100 receivables on its balance sheet and shows a liability for 85 c.

Entity A keeps 100 receivables on its balance sheet and shows no liability for 85 d.

Entity A removes receivables from its balance sheet and shows liability 85


Question 5

A financial instrument that is designated as a hedging instrument is always measured at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss?

a.

True b.

False


Solution 5

A financial instrument that is designated as a hedging instrument is always measured at Fair Value Through Profit or Loss?

a.

True b.

False. If it is a hedge of interest in a recognised financial instrument, or hedge of firm commitment or forecast transaction, hedging instrument is measured at

FV through OCI, with subsequent recycling.


Question 6

Entity A has inventory it plans to sell in 3 months. Entity A is worried about price decline during the 3 months and so enters into forward contract to hedge price risk of its inventory. Relationship meets conditions for hedge accounting and Entity A documents the hedge.

What is the accounting?


Question 6 continued a.

Recognise forward contract as an asset or liability at FV and change in FV in P&L. Recognise the change in FV of the inventory in P&L and as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the inventory . b.

Recognise forward contract as an asset or liability at FV and change in FV in OCI. Recognise the change in FV of the inventory in OCI and as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the inventory. c.

Recognise forward contract as an asset or liability at FV and the change in the FV of the forward contract in OCI.

Do not recognise the change in the FV of the inventory as inventory is measured at cost.


Solution 6 continued a.

Recognise forward contract as an asset or liability at

FV and change in FV in P&L. Recognise the change in FV of the inventory in P&L and as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the inventory. b.

Recognise forward contract as an asset or liability at FV and change in FV in OCI. Recognise the change in FV of the inventory in OCI and as an adjustment to the carrying amount of the inventory. c.

Recognise forward contract as an asset or liability at FV and the change in the FV of the forward contract in OCI.

Do not recognise the change in the FV of the inventory as inventory is measured at cost.


Questions 7 and 8

Scenario

17

Entity A purchased a bond at face value (equal to the fair value at that date) that pays a coupon based on the market interest rate of 5 per cent per annum. At purchase date, there are 20 years until the bond’s maturity date.

Interest of CU500 is received every year in cash. The bond has a maturity value of CU10,000.


Question 7

• Assume that the bond is measured at amortised cost and that two years after the bond was purchased, the market interest rate changed to 6 per cent per annum.

• What journal entries should be processed by the entity relating to the bond from inception until maturity of the bond?

18


Solution 7

At purchase date:

Dr Asset —bond

Cr Asset —cash

Years 1 – 20:

Dr Asset —cash

Cr Income —interest

At maturity date:

Dr Asset —cash

Cr Asset —bond


10,000

10,000

500

500

10,000

10,000

19

Question 8

• Assume that instead of being purchased at face value, the bond was purchased at a discount of 20 per cent.

The bond is correctly measured at amortised cost.

• What journal entries should be processed by the entity relating to the bond at purchase date and for the first year thereafter?

20


Solution 8

At purchase date:

Dr Asset —bond

Cr Asset —cash

CU10,000 x 80% = CU8,0000

8,000

8,000

Year 1:

Dr Asset —cash

Cr Asset —bond

Dr Asset —bond

Cr Income —interest

500

550

500

550

Effective interest rate = 6.87% (PV=CU8,000; n=20; PMT =CU500 and FV=CU10,000), CU8,000 x 6.87% = CU550

21


Questions 9, 10 and 11

Scenario

22

• An entity enters into a forward exchange contract on 30

April 20X1 to receive USD100,000 and deliver

CU399,688 on 31 March 20X2. The forward exchange contract is designated as a hedging instrument for the purchase of inventory on

31 December 20X1 —the resulting payable is to be settled on 28 February 20X2

• All hedge accounting conditions are met

• The entity’s reporting period ends on 31 October


Questions 9, 10 and 11

Scenario continued

• The following spot and fair values of the forward exchange rate contract are applicable:

30 April 20X1

31 October 20X1

31 December 20X1

28 February 20X2

SPOT

3.7300

3.4714

3.3100

3.1507

FAIR VALUE OF

CONTRACT

0

(39,253)

(62,658)

(84,623)

23


Question 9

24

What journal entry(ies) must be processed at 31 October

20X1 assuming that the entity designates the forward exchange contract as a cash flow hedge of a forecast transaction and the option in IAS39.98(b) is selected?


Solution 9

31 October 20X1:

Dr OCI —cash flow hedge

Cr Liability —forward contract

39,253

39,253

25


Question 10

26


20X1 assuming that the entity designates the forward exchange contract as a cash flow hedge of a forecast transaction and the option in IAS39.98(a) is selected?


Solution 10

31 October 20X1:

Dr OCI —cash flow hedge

Cr Liability —forward contract

39,253

39,253

27

Note: the difference in accounting between the two options in IAS39.98 relates to the timing of the effect on profit or loss (ie a basis adjustment to the hedged item or as the hedged item affects profit or loss)


Question 11

28


20X1 assuming that the entity designates the forward exchange contract as a fair value hedge of an unrecognised firm commitment?


Solution 11

31 October 20X1:

Dr Profit or loss —exchange loss 39,253

Cr Liability —forward contract 39,253

Dr Asset —firm commitment

Cr Profit or loss —exchange gain

25,860

25,860

USD100,000 x (3.7300 – 3.4714) = CU25,860

29


Questions or comments?

Expressions of individual views by members of the IASB and its staff are encouraged.

The views expressed in this presentation are those of the presenter.

Official positions of the IASB on accounting matters are determined only after extensive due process and deliberation.


30

The requirements are set out in

International Financial

Reporting Standards (IFRSs)

, as issued by the IASB at

1 January 2012 with an effective date after 1 January

2012 but not the IFRSs they will replace.

The IFRS Foundation, the authors, the presenters and the publishers do not accept responsibility for loss caused to any person who acts or refrains from acting in reliance on the material in this PowerPoint presentation, whether such loss is caused by negligence or otherwise.


Quiz: Financial instruments

Quiz:

Financial instruments

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International Financial

Reporting Standards (IFRSs)

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Quiz: Financial instruments

Quiz:

Financial instruments

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