ABSOLUTISM
BELL WORK
1. Who is in the
painting?
1. What is in the
background?
1. What does this
painting convey?
What is its
message?
DIRECTIONS
Our goal is to create a definition of Absolutism by looking at
several historical examples
• Read through the examples of absolutism
• Fill in the graphic organizer to help you keep track of ideas
• If you finish early – move on to the second worksheet and
find 4 similarities and 4 differences between your examples
DIRECTIONS: WITH A
PARTNER…
1. Which 3 of these similarities do you think is most
important?
2. Using these examples create a definition for the term
Absolutism with your partner
•
Prepare to share
ASSIGNMENT
• Read through the examples you have been given
• Decide whether or not they are examples of Absolutism
• If they are NOT examples of Absolutism, how would they
need to change to fit the definition?
• Hand in when finished
LOUIS XIV
ONLINE TOUR OF VERSAILLES
BELL WORK
• Have you finished listing the 3
critical attributes of Absolutism and
created a definition for the label?
• Prepare to share your attributes and
definitions
• Today’s Agenda
• Finish Absolutism Packet
• Online exploration of Versailles and Louis
XIV
• Assignment:
•
•
Finish Absolutism Packet
And
“The Age of Absolutism in France”
Worksheet
ABSOLUTISM IN
FRANCE
• “The Age of Absolutism in France” - Complete steps 1-4
• You may use other websites for step 3 AND your textbook
• Due by the end of the hour
• Absolutism Packet
• Due Tuesday**
5 EXAMPLES
OF
ABSOLUTISM
BELL WORK
Have you finished your Absolutism Packet?
Please grab a “Map of Europe” Sheet from the front of the
room.
WHERE IN THE
WORLD ARE WE?
We will fill out this new world map as we go
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Spain
France
England
Austria and Prussia
Russia
TODAY’S FOCUS
Spain
and
France
France
Spain
ABSOLUTISM IN
SPAIN
•
Charles V
•
•
Where have you heard this name
before??
Two Crowns - 1519
•
•
Hapsburg Empire (including Holy
Roman Empire) and Spain
Difficult for Charles to manage
•
•
•
Ottoman attacks
Reformation and German Princes
• Resigns in 1556
Divides empire
•
•
Central Europe – Ferdinand (bro)
Spain (and overseas colonies),
Netherlands, S. Italy – Philip II (son)
PHILIP II: 1556-1598
• Goals
• Expand Spanish empire
• Strengthen Catholic Church
• Make his power ABSOLUTE
• Resources
• Silver from colonies in America
• Personality – focused and serious
•
Somber isolated palace
• Military power
• Claim to power
• Divine Right = His authority to rule came directly from
God (Everyone MUST be Catholic)
• Inquisition used against protestants
PHILIP II: 1556-1598
Spain’s Golden Age
•
•
•
Art, literature, science and math
El Greco
Cervantes and Don Quixote
FAILURES
Religious War
• Netherland’s revolt 1560s-1580s
• Protestant rebels – faith, taxes, inquisition
• 1581 Dutch Netherlands
• England
• Elizabeth I is Protestant Enemy #1
• Francis Drake and Sea Dogs
• 1588 Spanish Armada
• Economic Decline
• Weak heirs, high taxes, expulsion of Muslims and Jews,
inflation
FRANCE AND
ABSOLUTISM
• Henry IV: 1589-1610 Tries to rebuild France
• Edict of Nantes: Catholic country with
tolerance for Protestants
• Reduced power of nobles
• Expanded monarchy’s power into all areas
of life
•
Roads, bridges, money to farmers for
agriculture
• Assassinated 1610
• Son Lious XIII (9 yrs old!)
• Cardinal Armand Richelieu
CARDINAL ARMAND
RICHELIEU
• Chief Minister to Louis XIII
• Destroy the Huguenots and nobles – Why?
• Defeated their militaries, tore down walled
cities
• Defeated the nobles’ military and fortified
castles
• Kept Protestants calm by still allowing
them to practice their religion
• Kept nobles tied to the king by giving them
high posts at court or in the royal army
LOUIS XIV, THE SUN
KING: 1643-1715
•
King at 4 - Chief Minister Jules Mazarin
•
Fronde
•
•
•
Mazarin dies 1661
•
•
Nobles, merchants, peasants, urban poor
revolted
Driven out of his palace
Louis shocks everyone by taking over
What does this quote tell you about Louis XIV?
•
“God’s power is felt in an instant from one end of the world to the other;
royal power takes the same time to act throughout the kingdom. It
preserves the order of the whole kingdom, as does God with the whole
world.” Louis XIV
•
•
Divine Right
Sun Emblem
•
center of the solar system/center of the nation
LOUIS XIV, THE SUN
KING: 1643-1715
•
Strengthening royal power
•
•
•
Attends to gov. affairs himself
Never convenes the Estates General
Appointed intendants (royal officials)
•
•
Taxes, recruited soldiers, carry out
policies
Middle class wealthy men
•
Strengthens Army
•
• State paid, fed, trained, supplied
• 300,000 soldiers
Colbert and the Economy
•
• Bases economy on luxury items
• Expands agriculture, mining
• Taxes foreign goods
• Expands colonies in Americas
What about the nobility?
•
Versailles and the Levee
“My dominant passion is certainly love of glory.”
BELL WORK: CAN YOU
SOLVE THE RIDDLE?
The following sentences have two blanks that can be filled with two
words that are anagrams of each other. Please find those words.
1. Mark's math __________ was a mild-mannered man. But one thing
he would not tolerate was a __________. He would immediately fail
anyone caught doing so.
2. The patient __________ his pain through physical therapy. He had
seen enough __________ surgeries to know that too many people
elected surgery when they shouldn't have.
3. After a long and successful career of serving his country, the
nation was in shock as the highly regarded __________ was arrested
and tried for __________.
FAILURES
•
Expensive wars with little gain
•
Louis XIV wants to expand but other nations band together to
stop him from taking over
•
•
•
War of Spanish Succession
Edict of Nantes
•
•
•
Balance of Power
Revoked 1685
100,000+ Huguenots fled –economy
His heir (Great Grandson Louis XV)
•
•
•
France is weakened economically = wars and bad harvests
Louis XV focused on partying – country falls apart
“After us, the deluge”
ASSIGNMENT
Please compare and contrast the reigns of Philip II of Spain
and Louis XIV of France using the Venn Diagram
PARLIAMENT
AND
ENGLAND
TODAY’S FOCUS
Britain
DIRECTIONS
Complete the Venn Diagram
Read p. 421-426 and complete the worksheet – Due tomorrow
BELL WORK:
Please take out your assignment from yesterday (p 421-426) for a
work check.
Riddle:
I can be straight or not
I can be flat or round
I have three layers
The rounder I am – the straighter I am
I can be a person’s trademark
I can be chemically challenged
What am I?
Today’s Agenda
-
Correct Worksheet
-
Video on England and Parliament
AUSTRIA,
PRUSSIA AND
THE 30 YEARS
WAR
BELL WORK
Today’s Agenda
-
Finish Cromwell/Parliament Video
-
Notes on the 30 years war Austria/Prussia
-
Compare nations graphic organizer
TODAY’S FOCUS
Austria
and
Prussia?
p. 428
PEACE OF AUGSBURG LEADS TO….
• The Holy Roman Emperor has no
real control over German Princes
• The Princes argue over which of
them has control
• North Protestant
• South Catholic
= The Thirty Years
War
QUICK FACTS: THIRTY YEARS WAR
• 1618-1648 - Political and religious causes
• Begins in Bohemia: Ferdinand (Hapsburg King) tries to
suppress Protestants and take control
• Defenestration of Prague – Protestant Noblemen ‘open a window’
• Revolt ends up Involving almost all of Europe
• 1 year later
• Ferdinand is elected Holy Roman Emperor
• Catholic nations fight with F against Protestant countries
• Protestant nations (Netherlands, Sweden etc.) ban together to fight
Ferdinand
• As time drags on…
• Religious based alliances are exchanged for political ones
• Protestant and catholic leaders fight together to get the territories they
want
WHAT DOES THIS QUOTE TELL
YOU ABOUT THE FIGHTING?
• “for one of the peasants they had taken they thrust into
the baking oven and there lit a fire under him,… as for
another, they put a cord around his head and twisted it so
tight with a piece of wood that the blood gushed from his
mount and nose and ears. In a word each had his own
device to torture the peasants.”
-Jacob von Grimmelshausen
• An estimated 1/3 of Germans Die
PEACE OF WESTPHALIA 1648
• Ends conflict
• Redraws map of Europe
• France gains territory
• Holy Roman Empire is greatly weakened
• Hapsburgs are forced to accept independence of all
princes in the Holy Roman Empire
• Germany is divided into 360 separate states
• Recognize HRE as leader but each has their own coin,
government, church, military
• Netherlands and Switzerland are now independent states
ASSIGNMENT
• Map on p. 428 – How can you tell from the map that the Holy
Roman Empire was not a strong state after the Thirty Years
War?
• Read pages 429-430 and fill in your “Absolutism Graphic
Organizer” for Austria and Prussia
• If you have time begin filling in information for the other
nations that we have covered so far
EXTRA
SLIDES
ABSOLUTISM TIMELINE
1550-1800
Phillip II
Spain
1556-1598
1740
Frederick of
Prussia
challenges
Austria
1643-1715
Louis XIV
France
[----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------]
1603
Stuart
monarchy
begins
1649-1660
Cromwell and
Commonwealth
1660
Stuart
King
returns
to
England
1717-1780
Maria Theresa
in Austria
1698
English Bill
of Rights
Limited
Monarchy
in England
1689-1796
Peter the
Great
And
Catherine the
Great
Russia
ABSOLUTISM TIMELINE
1550-1800
Phillip II
Spain
1556-1598
1643-1715
Louis XIV
France
[----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------]
1603
Stuart
monarchy
begins
1649-1660
Cromwell and
Commonwealth
1660
Stuart
King
returns
to
England
1698
English Bill
of Rights
Limited
Monarchy
in England
ABSOLUTISM TIMELINE
1550-1800
[----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------]