Innovation of the Field of
Energy, focus on renewable
Franz Gelbke, March 8th , 2014
 Remarks to Innovation, and
Innovation System
 renewable energy Act
 Some figures about Germans
Energy Mix
Innovation of the Field
of Energy,
focus on renewable
Franz Gelbke,
March 8th , 2014
 The three pillars around
renewable energy
 Overview about the grand
programs for energy in Germany
 Examples for developments in
the different technology fields of
renewable energy
Why Innovation System and Technology Transfer
better life
trough
strong economy
more jobs
social freedom
more tax
by
growing private business
BTC focus
by
using technology
3
higher income
Innovation Chain
Innovation Process
product or process is
successful in the
market
4
functional sample
prototype
1
Idea
4
ready product for
sales in quantity
Research &
Development
2
Production
product sold in market
3
Marketing
& Sales
Market
4
Elements for an
National / Regional Innovation System
Innovation climate
Good governance /
law regulations
Support institutions /
System




Intermediary
Incubator
Technology Centers
Project Management
Agency
 others
5
Education /
capacity building
Companies to develop
new products or
services
Research and
developmental
institutions
Financing private
and public
 Bank
 Grand Program
 others
Infrastructure
Influence of Government in
National / Regional Innovation System
Companies to develop new
products or services
Education /
capacity building
better government
Support institutions /
System




Intermediary
Incubator
Technology Centers
Project Management
Agency
 others
6
law regulations
Research and
developmental
institutions
Financing private
and public
 Bank
 Grand Program
 others
Infrastructure
The priority of renewable energy Act
(Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz- EEG)
(1) Purpose of this law is to enable sustainable development of energy
supply especially in the interest of climate - and environmental protection, to
reduce the economic costs of energy supply through the inclusion of longterm external effects, to conserve fossil energy resources, and to promote
the development of technologies for the production of electricity from
renewable energy sources.
(2) To achieve the purpose of paragraph 1, this law aims at least to increase
the share of renewable energy in the power supply on




35 percent by the year 2020,
50 percent by the year 2030,
65 percent by the year 2040 and
80 percent by the year 2050
and this amount of electricity into the electricity supply system to integrate.
Electrical Power Mix in Germany 2013
8
Primary energy consumption and import
in
Germany 2012
dependency
in Germany 2012
9
Through renewable energy reduced costs for fuel imports
Billion Euro
10
The three pillars around renewable energy
Overview Topics of the Promotion Programs
from the federal Government
Renewable Energies +- 250Mio € ( 4 trillion Rp)
Energy efficiency
+- 230Mio€ ( 3,68 trillion Rp)
Promotion Renewable Energies
Trends in electricity supply and installed capacity
of wind turbines in Germany
most important innovations wind power onshore
In recent years the wind power technology has evolved
enormously. Especially performance and efficiency of the power
plants has risen. The most important innovations in the onshore
usage at a glance.
 HIGHER SPHERES
 SOPHISTICATED TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY
 OUTREACH WING
 OPTIMIZED WINDSCREEN
 DIVISIBLE TOWERS
 NEW TWIST
 MORE POWER OUTPUT
 CONTINUOUS CONTROL
 ACCURATE FORECASTS
HIGHER SPHERES
The towers reach up to 150
meters.
New, powerful cranes allow to
heave the heavy components in
such heights.
The wind strength with increasing
distance from the ground
increases significantly. Each
meter altitude produces up to a
percent more revenue.
The gondola sitting on an up to
140 meters high tower, the rotor
diameter is 114 meters. So is the
entire system to a height of 200
meters.
16
135 m high
SOPHISTICATED TRANSPORT TECHNOLOGY
Tilt blocks, can move the wings
elegantly using hydraulic tongs.
At the Tower segment wheels are
mounted,
So, it is possible to build wings 60
meters in length even in poorly
accessible regions.
17
OUTREACH WING
Recently, Siemens has unveiled the world's longest rotor wings. The
"quantum" sheet is 75 meters long and is driving strong offshore wind
turbine with six megawatt.
Double rotor diameter equal to
four times current yield.
integral construction. Wings
emerge from a "cast" - no crackprone seams and splices.
Fiberglass is the most important
part of most modern wing - or in
rare cases even more expensive
carbon-reinforced plastic.
Have a significantly slimmer
shape.
According to Siemens, the
quantum wings 25 to 50 percent
less weight than a traditionally
manufactured wings have.
18
Long and light:
The photo shows half of the
mold in which Siemens is the
world's longest rotor blades.
OPTIMIZED WINDSCREEN
In future wind turbines, each wing
should be adjusted individually.
The change of the angle of attack, so
the position of the wing to the wind, is
crucial for both the yield as well as for
the loads, the wings are exposed.
So far, all three sheets are synchronously "pitching", so made out
respectively in the wind.
Because the wind near the ground blows weaker as in height and the
rotor diameter become larger and larger, it grows the last differences
between lower and upper rotor wing.
To cope with this, in the future each sheet should be adjusted
individually.
The technology is only in the implementation phase.
19
DIVISIBLE TOWERS
Thanks to new Tower concepts, even the
largest power plants can be disassemble to
ease of transport.
Because the towers are always higher,
increasing diameters in the footer. Highway
bridges allow only a maximum height of 4.5
meters.
BV: towers in "Lego - construction" are offered.
The largest building block, a 15 meters long
and four meters wide quarter shell, weighs 32
tons comparatively little.
20
Wind power: Direct Drive
Direct drive:
This wind power plant from
Siemens operates without
gears.
A permanent magnet
generate the magnetic field
for the electrical power
generator.
They are significantly more
expensive- for this but less
faulty.
They are used especially in
offshore farms, where repairs
and maintenance work are
expensive.
21
MORE POWER OUTPUT
The generator is the heart of a wind turbine. It converts the rotary motion
of the rotor into electrical current.
More and more producers take up to synchronous generators, usually in
combination with permanent magnets, which offer a better efficiency.
The disadvantage of synchronous
generators: these generators need
a more elaborate electronic
scheme as the existing generators
to compensate for frequency
variations during power generation.
Alternating current / direct current
22
CONTINUOUS CONTROL
Thanks to new condition monitoring systems (CMS) now wind turbines can
be monitored in real time from a distance and the operators prevent errors.
CMS control all parameters around the mill - by the blowing of winds up to
the temperature of the transmission oil.
Those informations are integrated into
computer programs, which will help to
plan maintenance intervals - so that the
components could be replaced before the
wind turbine stopped due to a defect.
It will takes still some years before it is
ready for commercial.
23
ACCURATE FORECASTS
The quality of the predictions has improved significantly. Forecasts for 48
hours now can be created with an accuracy of 96%.
This is important to predict the
expected amounts of electricity
accurately.
Only then the regeneratively
produced energy can be planned
integrate into the electricity mix.
The wind models also help to find
the ideal location for a new wind
farm.
24
Concentrated solar thermal
Concentrated solar power (also called concentrating solar power,
concentrated solar thermal, and CSP) systems use mirrors or lenses to
concentrate a large area of sunlight, or solar thermal energy, onto a small
area. Electrical power is produced when the concentrated light is converted to
heat, which drives a heat engine (usually a steam turbine) connected to an
electrical power generator or powers a thermochemical reaction (experimental
as of 2013)
Concentrated solar thermal
Parabolic flow power plants
Parabolic trough
collectors consist of
curved mirrors that focus
sunlight onto an absorber
pipe runs in the focal line.
In the absorber tubes, the
concentrated solar
radiation in heat is
implemented and given to
a circulating heat transfer
medium.
Parabolic flow power plants
The Forest gives Gas
After the Second World War, saddling tens thousands of motorists around on wood.
They equipped their vehicles with a gasifier, who wins a fuel from biomass.
Several municipal utilities have taken gasifier in recent months in operation that
produce a carbon-neutral fuel for combined
heat and power of wood.
The wood is first carbonized lack of air, so
that form a gas mixture as well as tar and
charcoal. This pyrolysis is followed by a
oxidation and reduction. This results in a
combustible gas, which contains, inter alia,
carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane.
After the cleaning it is burned in a gas engine
to produce electricity and district heating.
Moreover, the efficiency of a wood gas CHP
is significantly higher than that of a wood
heating plant, in which the biomass is burned
directly.
30
NEW CATALYST SPLIT WATER EFFICIENT
ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Electrolysis is today the most efficient way to produce hydrogen from wind power. However, it has to be
converted from wind energy into electrical energy. Without this energy-consuming interim step methods,
now come from the artificial photosynthesis, which can cleave directly with sunlight water molecules into
oxygen and hydrogen. So far, however, the yield of this catalytic reaction was negligible. Now a team of
researchers was able to Jiming Bao of the University of Houston, the efficiency of this method with tiny,
less than ten millionths of a meter small increase of cobalt
oxide nanoparticles by 50-fold (DOI:
10.1038/nnano.2013.272).
"Once the nanoparticles were stirred into the water and the
light was turned on, the water immediately split into oxygen
and hydrogen," says Bao. Lighted with a lamp, which
simulated the natural solar spectrum, originated in a small
glass of water within half an hour 20 milliliters of hydrogen.
The stored energy in this gas quantity is equivalent to about
five percent of the radiated light energy. Previous
experiments with other catalysts had reached only a fraction
of that yield. The high yield, the researchers achieved but
only with freshly crushed cobalt oxide. And after just one
hour, the nanoparticles lost their catalytic effect.
Nevertheless, these experiments show that cobaltcontaining catalysts have great potential.
31
Geothermal -Scientific drilling
With InnovaRig, one of the most modern plants
in the world for drilling projects is now up to
5,000 meters available.
The special needs of the research implemented
optimally in the InovaRig concept.
It is possible that different drilling techniques
without significant technical overhead
to use and particularly quickly and costeffectively perform core drilling.
The appropriate devices and instruments have
been integrated into the system.
As were Facilities for the rapid implementation of
borehole measurements, continuous data
acquisition and storage and built for the analysis
of drilling fluid
Indonesia – German
Geotermal Research Project
Agenda
Highlights
 Only ~1.2 of ~29 GWe potential capacity from geothermal energy
(4%) installed
 Government actions
 Ministerial regulation : 2/2011 to 22/2012
 feed-in tariff increase and simplifications
 Tax holidays during/for exploration activities, etc.
 Many opportunities for investment and development
Remark: Installed energy in Indonesia kira kira 30GW
Exploration
• Integrated
exploration
methodology in
structurecontrollled (amagmatic) and
magmatic green
field areas.
Reservoir
Engineering
• Hydraulic and
Hydrochemical
reservoir
characterisation
• Processes and
interaction of the
boreholereservoir
system.
Geothermal
Plant
Technology
• Efficient and
reliable, local
accessible plant
technology
Research Project Topics
Capacity
Building
• Training, courses
and workshop
• Scientist and
student
exchange
• PhD program
GeNie: Binary power plant for Indonesia
(2013 – 2016, BMBF, 03G0834A)
Geothermisches Niedertemperatur-Demonstrationskraftwerk Indonesien
(Geothermal low-temperature demonstration power plant Indonesia)
Power plant
AGENCY FOR THE ASSESMENT
AND APPLICATION OF TECHNOLOGY
Knowledge
& Experience
Reservoir
500 kWel ORC-module
35
Brine loop
Miniature home power stations
Virtual power plants
Flexibly compensate for electricity shortages:
Miniature home power stations respond to increased demand.
Eco-electricity provider
LichtBlick, in collaboration with
Volkswagen AG, is developing a
concept that should allow
miniature home power stations
(ZHKWs) to flexibly compensate
for fluctuations in the power
supply.
The system is based on gaspowered CHP plants that
produce electricity and heat
simultaneously.
Smart Grid
Window with Heat Protection
With so-called electrochromic window coatings glasses between different colors
can be switched back and forth nowadays. A working group at the Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory ( LBL) now went a step further . The scientists
developed a disc that blocks at the touch of heat radiation, visible light, however,
almost unimpeded by leaves ( DOI: 10.1038/nature12398 ) . The glass may help
to reduce the energy requirements for air conditioning systems drastically.
38
Textiles generates Power
A pair of shorts and a sleeping bag as energy sources.
In the pants foam is incorporated with a ferroelectric material whose cavities are
constantly changing due to movements in size and shape, thus creating a charge.
The so-called "Power Shorts” collects in this way on the day, sufficient electrical
energy to charge a smartphone four hours.
The sleeping bag on the other hand generates electricity through the difference in
temperature of its interior to the environment. The built-in thermoelectric elements
accumulate within eight hours so much energy that at a temperature difference
between inside and outside of about 27 degrees Celsius, the battery life of a mobile
phone can be extended by eleven hours.
39
Incubator in the desert (di gurun)
40
Incubator in the desert (di gurun)
Business
competition
program
Out phasing
concept
R&D grand program
Advising / Training
Networking
41
Terima kasih | Thank you | Danke
Franz Gelbke
Business Technology Center – Network
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BPPT Building 2 , 6th floor | JL. MH. Thamrin No. 08 Jakarta – 10340
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Grand programs by different ministries in Germany
Interministerial initiatives
 Energy storage systems
 Power grids
 Solar-powered Buildings – Energy Efficient Cities
Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry of Economics and
Technology
Energy saving and energy efficiency
 Energy efficiency in the building sector and energy-optimized building
 Energy efficient cities and decentralized energy systems
 Energy efficiency in industry, crafts, trade and services
 Energy storage for stationary and mobile applications
 Grids for future electricity supply
 Power plant technology and CCS technologies
 Fuel cells and hydrogen
 System analysis and the dissemination of information
Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry for the
Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 1
Wind energy
 Further development of technologies for onshore and offshore use
 Wind energy exploitation at sea
 Accompanying research on environmental impacts and on acceptance
Photovoltaics
 Silicon wafer technology
 Thin-film solar cells
 Systems technology
 Alternative solar cell concepts and new research approaches
Deep geothermal energy
 System components and exploration technology
 Underground data
 Seismic activity and disposal issues
Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry for the
Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 2
Low-temperature solar thermal power
 Collector technology
 Systems technology/low-temperature solar thermal power in buildings
 Solar cooling and solar process heat
 Heat storage
Solar thermal power plants
 Parabolic trough systems
 Fresnel systems
 Solar towers
 Integrated storage modules
Hydropower and ocean energy
Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry for the
Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety 3
Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry for the
Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety
Integration of renewable energy and alternative energy supply systems
 Renewable-energy CHP plants – virtual power plants
 Smart grids – load management
 Grid technologies
 Storage technologies
 System services
 Forecasting electricity production and consumption
Cross-cutting research: conditions for greater renewable penetration
Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry of Food,
Agriculture and Consumer Protection
 Bioenergy – facts and figures
 Sustainable biomass production
 Solid bioenergy sources
 Gaseous bioenergy sources/biogas
 Liquid bioenergy sources/biofuels
 Budgetary funds
Research funding provided by the Federal Ministry of
Education and Research
Basic research in energy efficiency
 Towards a carbon-neutral, energy-efficient city adapted to climatic
conditions
 Climate protection: a smart approach to carbon management
 Gearing cross-sectoral activities toward priority fields of application
Basic research on renewable energy
 New technologies and solutions for grid development
 Storage systems for more renewable electricity
 Photovoltaics: electricity from solar energy
 Using biological resources for electricity production
 Harnessing the untapped potential of wind power
 Solar thermal technology, photosynthesis and hydroelectric power
Knowledge-based system analysis
Submitted Project Proposals in the Initiative
Conveying Energy Storage
Simulation Models for
Distributed Systems
35
System Analysis
Studies
30
Hydrogen
Storage incl.
Methanation
72
Compressed
Air Storage
9
Technically Improved
Thermal Storage
50
Innovative
Pump Storage
Power Plants
27
Heating Supply Concepts
with Connectivity for Store
25
Thermochemical
and Latent Heat
Storage
32
Batteries and RedoxFlow Storage
68
Others
32
Flywheel Storage,
Energy Storage Plant
14
Figure 36
Project Funding of Energy Technology Basic
Research in Energy Research Program
Million Euro
Photo
voltaic
Storage
Technologies
Bio
Energy
Efficient Use of
Energy
Power
Grids
Fusion
Cross Section
and Others
Figure 22
Funding for Basic Research : Bio-Based Energy
Million Euro
Bio Energy Basic
Research
System Biology of Energy
Crops
Figure 24
Project Funding Energy Efficiency
Figure 2
Million Euro
Energy efficiency in buildings and energyoptimized construction
Energy efficiency in industry, commerce, trade, and
services
Network for future power supply
Energy efficient city and decentralized energy
systems
Energy storage for steady and mobile
applications
Power plant &CCS technology
Fuel Cells and Hydrogen
System Analysis and
Information Dissemination
Funding for Energy Efficiency :
Buildings and Cities
Figure 3
Million Euro
EnOb – Solar optimized
building
EnEff: City-Force-Heat-Coupling
EnOb – Energy optimized improving building
material
Others
EnEff: City – Supply concepts
EnEff: City-District
heating
Funding for Energy Efficiency :
Industry, Commerce, Trade and Services
Figure 4
Million Euro
Machinery, transport-, electric-, optical equipment,
EBM goods
Heat pumps, refrigerants
Industrial
Iron and steel industry
Commercial & processing of stone and soil, fine
ceramics, glass industries
Mech. & thermal separation process
Others
Project Promotion Renewable energy 2012
Promotion Renewable Energies