THE LEBANESE CONFLICT
Oz Naor
Israeli Emissary
January 2011
THE MIDDLE EAST
PRIER TO 1995
Movements & Organizations
 Operation Litany - 1978
 Lebanon war - began on 6 June 1982.
 1985 Israel withdrawals from Beirut and
forms the security strip.
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MOVEMENTS & ORGANIZATIONS
Palestine Liberation Organization
Amal Movement
Hezbollah
1978 OPERATION ”LITANY”
PLO (expelled from Jordan 1970; led by
Yasser Arafat) and Syrian forces
launching raids and rockets into
northern Israel from southern Lebanon
during Lebanese civil war.
Israel responded in 1978 by damaging
attacks against PLO bases
The operation in South Lebanon
included an invasion in Lebanon up to
the Litany River carried out by
the Israel Defense Forces .
It was a military success as PLO forces
were pushed north of the river.
However, objections from the
Lebanese government led to the
creation of the UNIFIL peace keeping
force and a partial Israeli withdrawal.
1982 “SHLOM HAGALIL”
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UNIFIL force failed to keep rocket
attacks from south Lebanon on
civilian population in the Galil
During 1981 Attacks – 29 Israelis
killed and 300 injured.
June 3, 1982 – Assassination attempt
on Israeli ambassador to Great
Britain.
June 6, 1982– Operation Peace for the
Galilee “Shlom HaGalil” led by Ariel
Sharon as the Minster of Defense, is
set up to stop the PLO establishment
in Lebanon.
THE SECURITY ZONE
• 1985 PLO is chased out of Lebanon, IDF
creates a scurity zone 20 mile north of
the border. Hezbollah overcome AMAL
and gains control over the Siha forces in
south Lebanon.
• Syria and Iran begin support for
Hezbollah in Lebanon to continue fight
against Israel
1993 - 1996
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1993 - On July 25, 1993, Israeli forces launched a week-long attack
against Lebanon named Operation Accountability in Israel and the
Seven-Day War in Lebanon. Israel specified three purposes to the
operation, to strike directly at Hezbollah, to make it difficult for
Hezbollah to use southern Lebanon as a base for striking Israel, and
to displace refugees in the hopes of pressuring the Lebanese
government to intervene against Hezbollah. The affected civilian
population included both Lebanese and Palestinian refugees.
1996 - Operation “Grapes of Wrath” )is the Israeli Defense Forces
code-name for a sixteen-day military blitz against Lebanon in 1996
in an attempt to end shelling of Northern Israel by Hezbollah.
IDF DISASTERS IN LEBANON
The shayetet 13 disaster in antzriya 1998
In February 1997, two Israeli
military helicopters ferrying
troops into the Security Zone
collided, killing over 70
soldiers on board.
Brigadier general
Erez Gerstein
FOUR MOTHERS MOVEMENT
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Out of the helicopters trauma, a number of women that their
sons serving in Lebanon came together and drafted an open
letter to Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu calling on him to
bring the boys home. The women's letter would, over the coming
weeks, evolve into The Four Mothers Movement.
IDF WITHDRAWAL MAY 2000
Recognizing the shift in
public sentiment, Ehud
Barak, the Labor Party's
candidate for Prime
Minister, announced that if
elected he would move to
bring the IDF back to the
blue line.
Over the course of two days in May
2000, the IDF full withdrew from
the Security Zone.
HEZBOLLAH ATTACKS OCTOBER 2000
7 Oct 2000 - Kidnapping:
Three IDF soldiers: Adi
Avitan, Omer Soued and
Binyamin Avraham were
kidnapped by the Hizballah
from the Mt. Dov sector.
JANUARY 29, 2004 PRISONER EXCHANGE
Israel
Lebanon
The 3 kidnapped
Israeli solders and
one citizen are
returned in
exchange for 400
Palestinian
terrorist and 36
minority
prisoners.
HEZBOLLAH ATTACKS JULY 2006
In a meticulously-planned attack by
the Hizbullah, terrorists infiltrated
into Israel early Wednesday morning
(12 july 2006) and fired anti-tank
rockets at an IDF patrol along the
western border near Zarit, killing
three soldiers and abducting
another two.
Udi
Goldwasser
Eldad Regev
HEZBOLLAH ATTACKS
In a meticulously-planned attack by
the Hizbullah, terrorists infiltrated
into Israel early Wednesday morning
(12 july 2006) and fired anti-tank
rockets at an IDF patrol along the
western border near Zarit, killing
three soldiers and abducting
another two.
while firing rockets to civilian
aims in northern Israel.
Hedera
THE SECOND LEBANON WAR
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HEROES
Dr. Nimrod Adi
Major Tomer Bohadana
Major Roy Kline
UN RESOLUTION 1701
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 1701 is a resolution
that was intended to resolve the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict.
The Resolution demands:
Full cessation of hostilities
Israel to withdraw all of its forces from Lebanon in parallel with
Lebanese and UNIFIL soldiers deploying throughout the South
Hezbollah to be disarmed
Full control of Lebanon by the government of Lebanon
No paramilitary forces, including (and implying) Hezbollah, will be
south of the Litani River
The Resolution at the same time also emphasizes:
The need to address urgently the unconditional release of the
abducted Israeli soldiers, that have given rise to the current crisis.
WINOGRAD REPORT
The Winograd Commission-is an
Israeli government-appointed
commission of inquiry, chaired by
retired judge Eliyahu Winograd,
which investigated and drew
lessons from the Israel-Hezbollah
War
JULY 16, 2008 PRISONER EXCHANGE
Israel
Lebanon
The 2 kidnapped
Israeli solders
returned in
exchange for 5
Palestinian
terrorist among
them Samir
Kuntar and 195
terrorist bodies.
TODAY IN LEBANON
JULY 2010
1. After receiving authorization
from the U.N. peacekeeping forces
(UNIFIL) Israel’s army operates a
“cherry picker” to cut down a tree
inside the Israeli border.
5. Israel soldier returns fire.
2. The ill-fated tree the IDF was cutting down
when Lebanon attacked.
3. & 4. U.N. peacekeeping troops stand
watching as Lebanon shoots at Israeli
soldiers.
6. U.N. soldier waving to Israel to stop tree
cutting.
(The following day, Israel’s army personnel
returned to finish cutting down the tree.)
QUESTIONS
Oz Naor
Israeli Emissary
330 316 5699
December 2010