Annie Paish
(Mark 16:16)
(John 3:17)
ST. IGNATIUS
AND ST. CYPRIAN
ST. JUSTIN MARTYR
(PEOPLE WHO LIVED
BEFORE CHRIST)
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Virtue
Mosaic Law
Logos
(HERESY AND SCHISM)
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guilty of being
outside the church
“even martyrdom
cannot purge away
the guilt of schism”
“no one can claim
the martyr’s name
who has broken off
his love”
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Outside of the Church there is no salvation:
extra ecclesiam nulla salus
CONTEXT: fourth century when the
Christians were no longer persecuted under
Rome
Therefore, this exclusive judgement of
salvation was not in regards to those who
had never experienced Christ, but those
who had chosen to deny the truth
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very dark view on who could enter into
the Kingdom of Heaven
No salvation for those who had rejected
the gospel AND for those who had not
heard it
REASON: Original Sin
• salvation was possible for those
who lived before the time of Christ
• changing views on those who had
never been preached the gospel
God would send some sort of an
angel or revelation for the person
who had never come into contact
with the teachings of Christ
“being subject to the Roman
Pontiff is of necessity for
salvation.”
POPE BONIFACE VIII
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issued the bull
Unam sanctum
(1302)
Declared that the
only way to
salvation was
through being a
subject of the Pope
HEINRICH KLEE
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those who know
that the Church is
the true way to
salvation, and still
choose to deny and
reject this, will not
be granted
salvation
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“well known is the Catholic teaching that no one
can be saved outside the Catholic Church”
VS
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Invincible ignorance
ecclesiam nulla salus = only to those who are
culpably outside of the Church
“to gain eternal salvation it is not
always required that a person be
incorporated in reality as a member
of the Church, but it is required that
he belong to it at least in desire and
longing.”
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“since Christ died for all men, and since
the ultimate vocation of man is in fact
one, and divine, we ought to believe that
the Holy Spirit in a manner known only
to God offers to every man the possibility
of being associated with this paschal
mystery” (GS 22)
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the universality of God’s salvific will
he holds that non-Christians who live
good lives that compose (unknowingly to
them) of God’s grace, may be called
anonymous Christians