THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
ENERGY SAVINGS & LIGHTING
LED/SSL Lighting: The
Present and The Future
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Know the differences between
what is on the marketplace.
What makes a good LED fixture?
What components are absolutely
necessary in order to get
optimum performance?
The photometric layout and the
standards put in place by the
Illuminating Engineering Society
are your key to getting the correct
fixture.
IESNA LM-80 L70 which
designates the life hours of the
LED fixture must be part of every
specification provided with LED
lighting.
Increase light levels while
decreasing energy usage and
maintenance costs.
What is an L.E.D.?
• Accepted Terminology
– Accepted standard definitions and
nomenclature; UL8750 Section 3 and
IESNA RP-16.
Philips Lumileds Luxeon K2
• Mechanical Package (high power)
– Diode (aka Die or LED Chip)
– Thermal transfer slug (metal or
ceramic)
– Electrical connection (bond wire or
flip chip)
– Optical extraction method (silicone
filled lens)
Lens
LED Chip
Cathode Lead
Silicon Submount
Thermal Heatsink
Outer Package
Bond Wire
Thermal Effect of Light Output
• Instantaneous Effect
– Junction temperature directly relates to luminous
flux
– Light measurements are to be tested “in-situ” at
full thermal load
WHAT IS IESNA LM-80 L70 AND WHY IS IT IMPORTANT?
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The IESNA (Illuminating Engineering Society of North America) is the lighting industry standard bearer that regulates what are and
aren’t appropriate lighting standards.
IESNA LM80 sets the standards for uniform test methods for LED manufacturers under controlled conditions for measuring LED
lumen maintenance while controlling the LED’s case temperature, the forward voltage and forward current to the LED. It also
requires the LED manufacturer to measure at a 55°C, 85°C and one other case temperature chosen by the manufacturer, typically at
110°C. It also requires the lumen maintenance data for at least 6,000 hours of constant DC mode operation. The preferred method
is 10,000 hours.
LM80 does not speak to this issue, but LED manufacturers then extrapolate this data to provide lumen
maintenance out to L70 or useful lumens life. At this time IESNA is working on TM21 that will standardize this
extrapolation method for all LED manufacturers.
Traditional lamps have a lamp life expressed in a 50% mortality rate. In other words half of the lamps will have ceased to operate at
X hours. While traditional lamps experience lumen deprecation over their life, this is usually taken into consideration during the
calculation phase of the design. Since LED’s could theoretically operate forever the industry has established the L70 standard or
where the lumen output of the LED system will have depreciated to 70% of initial lumens. This is the theoretical extrapolation that
is done using the LM80 information and the lighting manufacturers tested TJ. These numbers are usually in the range of 30,000 to
50,000 hours and beyond.
Ten questions to ask when designing a system: 1) Is the manufacturer using a reliable LED chip manufacturer? 2) What operating
temperature is the fixture designed for and what is the maximum junction temperature (Tj) of the LEDs across that range? 3) Will
the manufacturer provide an IESNA LM-80 test report that measures the lumen maintenance of the LED? 4) What is the fixture’s
L70 lifetime curve and how was it calculated? 5) Can the manufacturer supply an IESNA LM-79 photometric test report from a third
party laboratory along with a properly formatted .ies data file? 6) What is the fixture’s actual delivered lumens and lumens per
watt (LPW)? 7) What is the fixture’s actual power factor and how much power does it consume during “off” periods? 8) Does the
fixture meet current meet current DOE CALiPer standards? 9) Is the product mercury free, lead free and RoHS compliant? 10)
What is the product warranty and can the manufacturer stand behind it?
PHOTOMETRIC LAYOUTS
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LED lighting is much different
than any other source of lighting,
therefore if you do not have a
photometric drawing done for
each and every project there are
chances you will not have the
proper lighting levels.
Ask for details with your
layouts…what is the current
footcandle levels? What will the
new footcandle levels be?
The primary objective in doing
this is to ensure that the end user
is getting as good if not better
lighting than what they presently
have.
Langley Air Force Base
POW/MIA Memorial
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Originally this was designed around
HID lighting sources, but when LED
fixtures started being installed all
around the base, S&S Sales was
tasked by the contractor with
coming up with an LED design.
All of the fixtures on the POW/MIA
Memorial are LED, featuring 3 flag
pole floods maintaining a constant 1
Footcandle on the American flag, a
narrow flood on the medallion itself
and 16 LED step lights lighting Code
of Conduct monoliths as well as the
walkway around the memorial.
The original design called for 2120
watts of electricity to be used on
this memorial. With the LED
fixtures, we are using a total of 192
watts, a savings of 85% energy while
giving very good, if not better light
output.
Dam Neck Naval Station
Building 420 Parking Lot
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This parking facility was extremely
dark when we first took the
measurements and foot candle
readings.
Dam Neck Naval Station reduced
the number of fixtures alongside
the building while at the same
time increasing the foot candle
levels in the parking lot.
Reduced energy usage from
55,190 kW per year to 13,845 kW
per year, a savings of 41,345 kW
or over $2,900.00 per year in
energy costs.
Maintenance savings are also
greatly reduced as all these
fixtures are IP66 rated whereas
previous fixtures were being
replaced every 3 years due to salt
corrosion.
Surfside Hotel Atlantic
Avenue Canopy
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The lighting before was being
supplied by eight 100w CFL
fixtures. The light levels were
below 1 foot candle throughout
the canopy area.
The new layout uses six 55 watt
LED canopy fixtures and increases
the light levels to a uniform 2.1 to
2.6 foot candles throughout the
canopy area.
Energy reduction was from 3500
kW per year to 1445 kW per year,
helping the customer to reduce
energy by almost 60%.
Now that this first facility is
completed the hotel chain plans
on replacing all six garages and
canopy areas with Beta LED
fixtures over the next year.
Naval Station Norfolk
Piercy Avenue
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The first Naval Base installation in
Hampton Roads featured only two
fixtures but proved that LED
lighting is more than capable of
delivering great results.
Replaced 400w HPS cobra heads
with 168w LEDway fixtures saving
the Navy over 50% on energy
costs per year.
Another feature not often talked
about but equally important is
that the second fixture is buried
in the trees as obvious from this
facility but it is still putting out
over 2.5 Fc below the fixture and
has reduced the dark spot in
between fixtures to the smallest
part possible. With the tree
trimmed there are virtually no
shadows between fixtures.
Chesapeake Bay Bridge &
Tunnel
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One of the harshest facilities in
the Hampton Roads area, Beta
LEDway fixtures are standing the
test of time. CBBT began with
three test fixtures that were
prototype IP66 rated fixtures.
Whereas, there have been
challenges with the prototype
IP66 fixtures, there have been no
challenges with the quality of
light from these fixtures.
CBBT now has nine fixtures, the
prototype fixtures were replaced
with new ones by Beta LED at no
charge to CBBT and these fixtures
continue to undergo harsh testing
in every known weather
condition.
Langley Air Force Base
LaSalle Avenue Gate
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Langley Air Force Base formerly used
400w HPS fixtures at their main
entrance gate and last year replaced
these fixtures with 168w LED
fixtures.
The first night the fixtures were
retrofitted S&S Sales personnel were
on hand to take foot candle readings
when one of the guards at the gate
exclaimed that from 40 feet away he
could tell what color base sticker the
car had on it. The higher CRI of LED
fixtures makes it much easier to not
only tell what color of car is
approaching the gate but also what
kind of base sticker the vehicle has
so the guards can be ready to salute
before it approaches the gate.
The energy savings on these fixtures
is adding to the over 300,000 kW
the Air Force expects to save first
year just from the retrofit LED
fixtures currently in place.
City of Virginia Beach 9th
Street Parking Garage
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Replaced 140 150w HPS garage
and roof top fixtures with 140
104w LED garage and roof top
fixtures.
Resulted in an annual energy
reduction from 115,282 kW to
63,773 kW, an energy savings of
51,509 kW saving the city over
$3,600.00 per year in energy
costs.
Maintenance costs drastically
reduced as previous maintenance
for re-lamping and re-ballasting
had to rope off sections of the
garage to ensure no cars were
parked underneath.
City of Virginia Beach Police
Department has already
commented on the increased
safety from the LED lighting
system.
Presented by: Mike Horner
S&S Sales, Inc.
748 Lord Dunmore Drive, Suite 105
Virginia Beach, VA 23464
(757) 495-7233; Fax (757)-495-5515;
Cell (757) 773-8885
Email: mhorner@ss-sales.com