CONDITIONAL
Claudia Méndez
&
Paloma
Fernández
First Conditional: real
possibility
If Subject
If you
Verb in
Complement ,
PRESENT
help
me
,
Subject
I
Verb in
Complement
FUTURE
will
help
you
We use the First Conditional to talk about situacions that are
possible or likely to happen.
....we take John, he will be really pleased.
.... you give me some money, I will pay you back tomorrow.
....they go to Barcelona, they will walk along the Ramblas.
MAY / MIGHT + BASE FORM
If the library is open, I may / might borrow a book.
(Si la biblioteca está abierta, puedo / podría sacar un l
prestado)
You can also use the IMPERATIVE OR
CAN
If I miss the bus, I´ll get a taxi.
• If you miss the bus, get a taxi
• Ifyou miss the bus, you can get a taxi
UNLESS = IF NOT ( A menos que .. “ si no..” )
Unless you pay me well, I won´t do it
If you don´t pay me well, I won´t do it.
A menos que me pagues bien, no lo haré
Conditional Questions
Structure
WHAT
AUX VERB*
SUBJ VERB
?
IF clause*
(or another
Wh word)
* ( would, will, remember that it depends of the type of conditional
that you are going to use)
* ( the tense of the If clause that you use in the question wil depend
of the conditional type used.)
• What will happen, if you don´t study hard
enough?
If I don´t study hard enough I will fail in the exam
• Where would you like to travel, if you won
paid vacations?
If I could go anywhere I would like to travel to
Hawaii
• If you were an animal, which one would you
like to be?
If I were an animal I would like to be a tiger.
Second conditional: unreal possibility
or dream
Verb in Complemen Subjec Verb with
Subject
,
PAST t
t
WOULD
If
If
I
had
a yacht
,
I
would travel
Compleme
nt
around the
world
We use the second conditional to talk about situations which are
imaginary or unlikely to happen
.
If elephants had wings, they would be able to fly.
If I were rich, I would buy a castle.
If her hair were black, she would look completely
different.
Third Conditional: no
possibility
WOULD
HAVE +
PARTICIPL
HAD +
Subjec E
If Subject PARTICIPL Complement ,
Complement
t
E
MIGHT/
COULD
HAVE + PP
would have
If
you
had invited me to your party ,
I
gone
We use the thrid conditional to talk about
imaginary or hypothetical situations in the
past.
1. If hadn´t got up late, I wouldn´t have missed the train
2. If his parents had had the money, he could have gone
to university.
3. If his uncle hadn´t died, he might have worked for
him.
If only/Wish
- Wishful prayers expressed a desire.
- Can be formed in two ways: with wish or if only.
Wish/if only Refers to a present I wish/ If only I
+ Past
situation that the were more
Simple
speaker is
responsible
unhappy about.
Wish/if only Expresses regret If only I had
+ Past
about a past actionknown earlier!
Perfect
or situation.
Wish +
Expresses a desire I wish I could
Could/Would for something to go to university.
+ Base form happen in the
PALOMA FERNÁNDEZ
&
CLAUDIA MÉNDEZ