Beat! Beat! Drums!
Walt Whitman
List of all the ways that war is
presented as a destructive force in
the poem.
Categorize the Disruptions
Caused by War
•
Social events
•
Family events
•
Daily life
•
Commerce
•
School
•
Rural areas
•
Urban areas
•
Legal system
Make a graphic organizer
“Success is Counted
Sweetest”
“War is Kind”
Disruptions Caused
by War/
Destructiveness of
War
“Grass”
“Patterns”
Writing Assignment
Select ONE of the four poems in the poetry packet we have been
working with in class (“Success is Counted Sweetest”, “War is
Kind”, “Grass”, and “Patterns” ).
Each student should write a paragraph of at least 50 words that
explains (with evidence from the poem) how the poem presents
war as a destructive force.
Students should edit and revise the short paragraphs about the
poems with a peer editor.
The individuals or partners should be proofreading to ensure that
each paragraph accomplishes the following tasks:
a) that it clearly explains how war is a destructive force in the
poem;
b) that it contains specific, accurate references (direct quotes) to
the poem that support the thesis (“war as a destructive force”); and
c) that the writer has used correct spelling and grammar
throughout the paragraph.
Remember…Poetry works in
two ways:
-What it says
and
-How it says it
What it says…
Theme- a common thread or repeated idea that is
incorporated throughout a literary work.
Purpose- the author’s reason for writing
Subject- what the author is writing about
How it says it…
Structure
Rhyme
Meter
Figurative Language
Rhyme
The repetition of vowel sounds in accented syllables and all
syllables that follow (ex. glisten – listen)
When rhyme is found within the same line of poetry,
it is internal rhyme
When rhyme is found at the end of lines of poetry, it
is end rhyme
Rhyme
The purpose of rhyme is to create a sound cadence for
the reader
Poets often create a pattern of end rhyme
This pattern, when identified, is called a rhyme
scheme
When determining the rhyme scheme, each rhyming
sound is represented by a different letter of the
alphabet
Rhyme
Because rhyming is difficult, and to create different
effects on the reader, poets also use approximate rhyme
Approximate rhyme is also known as off rhyme, half
rhyme, or slant rhyme
These rhymes can be equated to a sharp or flat note in
music
Meter
A pattern of stressed and unstressed syllables in a line of
poetry
Each syllable in a line of poetry is labeled with a stress
mark, or an unstressed mark
The purpose of meter is to create a recognizable
rhythm through a regular sound pattern of stressed and
unstressed syllables
Meter
Metrical patterns, composed of stressed and unstressed
syllabic marks, create a foot of meter
Common metrical feet are: iambic, anapestic,
trochaic, and dactylic
Each is a different combination of stressed and
unstressed syllabic marks
Meter
An iambic foot of meter is composed of an unstressed
syllable followed by a stressed syllable
An anapestic foot of meter is composed of two
unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable
Meter
Foot type
Style
Iamb
Iambic
Unstressed + Stressed
Two
Trochee
Trochaic
Stressed + Unstressed
Two
Spondee
Spondaic
Stressed + Stressed
Two
Anapest or anapaest
Three
Dactyl
Amphibrach
Pyrrhic
Stress pattern
Anapestic
Syllable count
Unstressed + Unstressed + Stressed
Dactylic
Stressed + Unstressed + Unstressed
Amphibrachic
Unstressed + Stressed + Unstressed
Pyrrhic
Unstressed + Unstressed
Three
Three
Two
Figurative Language
Using words or phrases to describe something in terms
of another thing, with the intent that the description
will not be taken literally
The more common figures of speech are simile,
metaphor, personification, and symbol
Conceit is an elaborate figure of speech that is often
lengthy, and which compares two startlingly different
objects
hyperbole- Exaggerated statements or claims not meant
to be taken literally
Figurative Language
Sound devices are also a form of figurative language
Some common sound devices are assonance, alliteration, consonance,
onomatopoeia
Poetic Devices and Terms
Allusion is a reference to someone of something
known from history, literature, religion, sports, science,
etc. – allusion is a device also used in other forms of
writing
Apostrophe is a technique a poet uses to address an
inanimate object, idea, or person who is dead or absent
– apostrophe is also used in other forms of writing
Poetic Devices and Terms
Couplet consists of two rhyming lines of poetry
Quatrain is a poem consisting of four lines that
function as a unit of thought
Poetic Devices and Terms
Refrain is a word, phrase, line, or group of lines in a
poem that are repeated for effect several times during a
poem
Sestet is a six line poem, especially the last six lines of
a Petrarchan sonnet
Group Work
Create groups based around each of the four poems
that you wrote about earlier.
Each group should then subdivide itself, with one
subdivision taking on “elements of poetic structure”
and the other taking on “elements of figurative
language.”
In the smaller groups, identify “elements of poetic
structure” and “elements of figurative language” as
they apply to your particular poem.
Re- Group
(5 minutes)
Regroup based on the assignments of poems
and categories.
Within each group, share “elements of
poetic structure” and “elements of
figurative language” that you found when
analyzing your assigned poem.
Independent Writing
Add to the paragraph you wrote earlier, two additional
paragraphs:
one paragraph that explains the poem’s structure
and one paragraph that cites examples of at least three
uses of figurative language from the poem.
Peer Editing and Revision
Revise all three
paragraphs:
1. war as a
destructive force,
2. poetic structure,
3. figurative
language.
Check:
a)That the first paragraph clearly explains how war is a
destructive force in the poem; that the second paragraph
explains the structure of the poem, and that the third
paragraph explains the figurative language used in the poem;
and
b)b) that it contains specific, accurate references (direct quotes)
to the poem that support the thesis of each paragraph (see list
to the left); and
c)c) that the writer has used correct spelling and grammar
throughout the paragraph.