Lesson One
Your College Years
Arrangements
• Pre- reading
• While – reading
• After – reading
Pre – reading
• Warming- up questions
• Background information
Do you still remember?
Can you guess?
Cherish
college
life
Warming-up questions
• Are you satisfied with your college
life?
Can you give some examples?
• Describe your current college life by
one word ?
• What’s your purpose of receiving a
college education?
Lesson One “Your College Years” by Dr.
Hartman
Background information
about author
storyteller
Bob Hartman
pastor
works
Difficult Terms
• Identity crisis ( 认同危机）
•
confusions that you suffer during
adolescence when you are not sure
who you really are and what your
purpose in life is.
Reason: internal and external
experience
• Sexual Identity (性别定位)
one’s affection only to
opposite gender
• Southwestern Baptist
Theological Seminary (西南浸
礼教会神学院)
Higher learning institution
One of the largest seminaries
While - reading
•
Text appreciation
•
Language study
Text appreciation
• Text analysis
• Writing
writing genre
writing techniques
Structure
• Part1 (Para 1):
• Many key changes happen to college
students during their college years.
• Part2 (Paras. 2-9):
• The key changes involve the following:
identity crisis, the
independence/dependence struggle,
etc.
• Part3 (Para. 10):
Conclusion.
Writing Genre
• Exposition:
raising a question
analyzing the question
answering the question
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 1
Has it ever dawned on you that certain
developmental changes will occur in your life
as you move from adolescence to young
adulthood? (1)
subject
“it” as the
anticipatory
psychological term which
refers to the physiological
and behavioral changes
throughout the lifespan
go to 2
More examples
• 1. It was clear enough what she
meant.
• 2. It is said that he is doing fine
at school.
• 3. He was an old man, and it did
not matter much where he lived.
Dawn
• Noun
1. daybreak 黎明
我们必须天一亮就出
发.
we must start at
dawn.
verb
. begin to grow
light 破晓
我们离开时天亮了.
it was dawning
as we left.
. Dawn on sb
It occurs to 逐渐明
白
The truth began
to dawn on him.
他逐渐明白真相.
Discussion
• What kind of change do you
think is very important for you
from adolescence to adulthood?
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 2
During this time, students are going through
an identity crisis and are endeavoring to find
out who they are and what their strengths
and weaknesses are. (2)
It refers to the
confusions that you
suffer during
adolescence when you
are not sure who you
really are and what
your purpose in life is.
experiencing;
suffering
• Go through;
suffer 经受
她小时侯经受了很多
苦难.
She went
through a lot of
hardships when
she was young.
• Endeavor to do
try to do 试图
try, attempt
他们尽量使她快乐,但
是图劳.
They endeavor to
make her happy
but in vain.
• Perceive:
1. realize 认识到， 领悟到
Finally, he perceived the
essence of love.
他终于悟出了爱的真谛。
2. sense, notice 感觉， 察觉
He perceived a small change in
her manner.
他察觉到她态度上的细微变化。
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 3
… identity is determined by
genetic endowment (what is
inherited from parents), shaped
by environment, and influenced
by chance events. (2)
accidental
Who we are is determined by three
things: first, our genes, or what our
parents have given us, our legacy;
second, environment, and third, luck
or opportunities.
Writing technique
• Parallelism:
In a sentence, there are three or
more similar structures one after
another.
eg: I will work hard, because I don’t
want to let my teachers down, I don’t
want to let my parents down, and
most important, I don’t want to let
myself down.
endowment
• Endow (v)
inherit
endow sb with…
与生具有
她天生聪明美丽
she was
endowed with
intelligence and
beauty.
• Endowment
inheritance
natural quality
天资
勤奋在某种程度上比天赋更
重要
Perspiration, to some
extent, is more
important than
endowment
• Inherit 继承
• inherit sth from sb 从 ...那继承到
她从父亲那继承了金黄色的头发。
she inherited golden hair from
her father.
Debate
• whether is endowment
necessary for a successful
man or not?
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 4
It may be heightened by their
choice to pursue a college
education. (3)
independe
nce/depen
dence
struggle
become
stronger or
intensified
If they choose to continue their education,
they will face an even more serious struggle
between the desire to be independent and
the need to depend on the financial support
of their parents.
Questions
• Have you ever done any part –
time job? What’s your opinions
on financially depending on
parents?
Questions
• In which way do you think you
still depend on your parents?
… four distinct aspects to
psychological separation from
their parents. (4)
• Distinct :
clear 清楚的
different 不同的
过去的快乐依然清晰.
The happiness in
the past was still
distinct.
• Distinctive
有特色的
饺子是北方的特色食物.
Dumplings are
the distinctive
food in east.
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 5
First, there is functional independence, which
involves the capability of individuals to take care
of practical and personal affairs, such as handling
finances, choosing their own wardrobes, and
determining their daily agenda. (4)
choosing their
own cloths
determining
what they
are going to
do every day
independence in
handling
everyday life
situations; the
ability to solve
practical
problems
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 6
Hoffman defines this process as “freedom from
an excessive need for approval, closeness,
togetherness, and emotional support in relation
to the mother and father.” (4)
no longer having
something you do
not want
Children need their parents to tell them what to do
or not to do. They also need to be close to their
parents and receive encouragement, love, all kinds
of emotional support which give them strength.
But when they grow up, they no longer have the
same needs like babies.
excessive
• Excessive:
extreme 过度的
• Excess 过分
an excess of
过高的价格超过了我们
的能力.
Excessive price
is beyond our
ability.
过分热情并比一定是好
事.
An excess of
enthusiasm is
not always a
good thing.
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 7
Probably one of the most stressful matters for
young college students is establishing their
sexual identity, which includes relating to the
opposite sex and projecting their future roles
as men or women. (5)
非限制定语从句
planning,
designing,
outlining,
devising
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase
1. 今天我遇到了小学英语老师，她给我
留下了很深的印象。
I met my primary – school
English teacher, who has
given me a deep impression.
Writing technique
Upsetting
disappointing
• These are exciting times yet
frustrating times.
• Antithesis 对照
With opposite meanings in
the text.
eg: A weak brain, but a strong
body.
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 8
Probably nothing can make students feel lower
or higher emotionally than the way they are
relating to whomever they are having a
romantic relationship with. (5)
Comparative degree
is used to express
superlative meaning.
When students are in a romantic relationship
with the opposite sex, they are most likely to
feel unhappy or happy emotionally.
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
全部否定+比较级+than =最高级
1. There is nothing cheaper than this.
这个东西最贵。
2. In my eyes, there is nobody better
than you.
在我眼里， 你是最好的。
Writing technique
• Antithesis 对照
Sometimes he is in bad mood,
and in other times in good mood,
他的情绪时好时坏。
Using examples
In Para.4, first, second,the third..
In Para.5, for example...
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 9
During the course I had come to realize that
while my world was expanding and new
options were opening for me, my father, who
was in his sixties, was seeing his world
shrink and his options narrow. (6)
was beginning to realize that
his world was getting smaller
and his choices fewer.
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 11
These religious, moral, and ethical values
that are set during the college years often
last a lifetime. (7)
These values that are established during
the college years often last a lifetime. It is
believed that our character or basic moral
principles are formulated during this period
of time.
Paragraph 8
• What are the significance about
the college academic life
according to paragraph 8?
• Affirm :
to say
something is
true 断言
eg: I affirm that
he is not the
person for you.
我敢说他不适合你.
• Confirm:
to show
something is
true 证实
Eg: Scientists
confirmed that
human genes
have been
already worked
out.
科学家证实人类基因已
经破解.
Paragraph 9
How
do
college
students
become world citizens?
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 12
I can no longer read the newspaper or
watch a television newscast without
seeing the people from other countries in
a different light. (9)
in a different way
Whenever I read the newspaper or watch a
television newscast, I will see the people from
other countries in a different way from what I
used to see.
Lesson 1 – Your College Years
III. Sentence Paraphrase 13
Not only are they being introduced
to new people and new knowledge,
but they are also acquiring new
ways of assembling and processing
information. (10)
They are getting to know a lot of new people and
learning new knowledge. They are also finding or
learning new ways of arranging, organizing,
analyzing or understanding information.
It implies that mere information is not scientific
truth. Scientific truth requires the processing of
information. In college, students will learn new
approaches, methods, and theories which will
change many of their prejudices.
The end of Sentence Paraphrase.
Lesson1- Your College Years
Word Building
1.
Prefix–de, pro
1. Suffix–ogy,
Lesson1- Your College Years
Word Building
definite
prefix
-de-
向下，减少，除去，离开，否定
Decrease
减少
Degrade
使降级
Devalue
使降值
decolour
漂白
Lesson1- Your College Years
Word Building
project
prefix
-pro- 向前；支持；代理
Proceed
前进；着手
Progress
进步
Promote
促进
pro-British
亲英派的
Lesson1- Your College Years
Word Building
suffix
psychology
-ogy-
学（科）
Zoology
动物学
Geology
地理学
Ecology
生态学
Sociology
社会学
biology
生物学
Debate
• whether is endowment
necessary for a successful
man or not?
•
After – class study
Self – study
•
•
•
•
Further thinking
Additional reading
Language points
Key to exercise
•
Key to exercises
Into Chinese
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
学校教职工
政治上的成熟
成长过程中的变化
认同危机
恋爱关系
遗传工程
学术生涯
偶然事件
民族认同
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
青春期
种族偏见
日程安排
伦理道德观念
处理日常生活能力
历史背景
异性
情感支持
生活方式
Into English
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
to pursue an education
to handle this case
to select one’s major
to establish one’s
identity
to declare war
to evaluate the result
to perform one’s duty
to expand business
to assemble cars
• to acquire knowledge
• to define the word
• to resent the
treatment
• to frustrate the
students
• to drag one’s feet
• to process knowledge
• to narrow the gap
• to expect better
results
• to present facts
2. Synonyms and antonyms
•
•
•
•
•
•
• to happen
objective, purpose
• to try/ to make an
to increase/enlarge
effort
clear
• magazine
choice
• to choose/to pick
main/chief/ principal
• belief
a strong feeling
• to get /to gain/to
obtain
antonyms
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Masculine
Independence
Incompetent
To narrow
To exclude
Mistrust/distrust
To discourage
Indistinct/vague
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Immature
Inferior
Minor
Innocence
Disapproval
Inequality
To grow/to
increase
• Impractical
/theoretical
3. Fill in the blanks
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
1. handle
3 handle
5. observant,
occurrence
7. involve
9. occurred , apply
11. involvement
•
•
•
•
•
2. occurrence
4. involved
6. observation
8. application
10. observers
handled
• 12 observation
4.Chinese to English translation
•
•
•
•
•
1. She intends to apply for that academic
position.
2. He is so devoted to his research that
the idea that he will soon retire never occurs
to him.
3. Many people have observed that without
effective checks, we have a tendency to
abuse our power.
4. Students must observe carefully how
good writers use words.
5. Some countries refuse to get involved in
this dispute and they resent any foreign
interference.
• 6. How do you think we should handle the
drug problem?
• 7. According to the agreement, all
business policies should apply to
everybody without any prejudices.
Lesson One “Your College Years” by Dr.
Hartman