Sentence Combining
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Sentence Combining Writing Consultant Presentation EG 1003: Intro to Engineering and Design NYU’s Polytechnic School of Engineering Sentence Combining How to combine independent clauses Legal combination options Avoiding common mistakes Combining is more readable Avoid repeated short, choppy sentences: “The design was tested. The accuracy was 95%. The robot was marketable.” Eliminate errors of punctuation: “The hen and the corn set off the alarm, the circuit was a success. Highlight brief sentences with contrast: “Minimal design was used as the team pooled its knowledge of balloons. The design was successful.” Start with independent clauses A clause has: A subject (noun that performs the action) A finite verb (showing number and time) Which are independent clauses? Precision is the repeatability of a result. The robot completing the course. Audience and purpose are the basic principles of professional writing. Start with independent clauses A clause has: A subject (noun that performs the action) A finite verb (showing number and time) Which are independent clauses? Precision is the repeatability of a result. The robot completing the course. Audience and purpose are the basic principles of professional writing. Sentence Combining How to combine independent clauses Legal combination options Avoiding common mistakes Combine independent clauses legally 1. Colon or semicolon 2. Semicolon with coordinating adverb 3. Comma with coordinating conjunction 4. Subordinating conjunction 5. Participial phrase transformation 1. Independent clause ; or : or . independent clause . The robot was accurate: it passed the test. 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause therefore however thus ; or : or . ; independent clause coordinating adverb meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , . independent clause then consequently furthermore . The robot was accurate: it passed the test. The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause therefore however thus ; or : or . ; independent clause coordinating adverb meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , . independent clause then consequently furthermore . The robot was accurate: it passed the test. The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. The robot was not accurate; however, it passed the test. 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause ; or : or . 3. Independent clause coordinating adverb ; therefore however thus independent clause meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , and but , . independent clause . then consequently furthermore conjunction for so or/nor yet independent clause . The robot was accurate: it passed the test. The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. The robot was not accurate; however, it passed the test. The robot was accurate, so it passed the test. 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause ; or : or . ; therefore however thus 3. Independent clause independent clause coordinating adverb meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , , independent clause . then consequently furthermore conjunction for nor and but . or so yet independent clause . Fanboys The robot was accurate: it passed the test. The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. The robot was not accurate; however, it passed the test. The robot was accurate, so it passed the test. 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause ; or : or . Independent clause coordinating adverb ; therefore however thus 3. meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , and but 4a. Subordinating conjunction While, When/Where(ever) Even though However 4b. Independent clause independent clause independent clause , The robot was accurate: it passed the test. The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. The robot was not accurate; however, it passed the test. . . then consequently furthermore conjunction independent clause The robot was accurate, so it passed the test. . for so or/nor yet dependent clause , independent clause Because the robot was . accurate, it passed the test. If, In order to Because, Before Though Unless, Until Although, After, As Since, So that subordinating conjunction dependent clause . The robot was accurate after it passed the test. 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause ; or : or . Independent clause coordinating adverb ; therefore however thus 3. meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , and but 4a. Subordinating conjunction While, When/Where(ever) Even though However 4b. Independent clause independent clause independent clause , The robot was accurate: it passed the test. The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. The robot was not accurate; however, it passed the test. . . then consequently furthermore conjunction independent clause The robot was accurate, so it passed the test. . for so or/nor yet dependent clause , independent clause Because the robot was . accurate, it passed the test. If, In order to Because, Before Though Unless, Until Although, After, As Since, So that subordinating conjunction dependent clause . “We hit a bus.” The robot was accurate after it passed the test. 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause ; or : or . Independent clause coordinating adverb ; therefore however thus 3. meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , and but 4a. Subordinating conjunction While, When/Where(ever) Even though However 4b. Independent clause independent clause independent clause , The robot was accurate: it passed the test. The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. The robot was not accurate; however, it passed the test. . . then consequently furthermore conjunction independent clause The robot was accurate, so it passed the test. . for so or/nor yet dependent clause , independent clause Because the robot was . accurate, it passed the test. If, In order to Because, Before Though Unless, Until Although, After, As Since, So that subordinating conjunction dependent clause . However the robot was aligned, it always passed the test. The robot was accurate after it passed the test. 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause ; or : or . Independent clause coordinating adverb ; therefore however thus 3. meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , and but 4a. Subordinating conjunction 5. Independent clause Participial phrase , . then consequently furthermore conjunction independent clause The robot was accurate, so it passed the test. . for so or/nor yet , independent clause Because the robot was . accurate, it passed the test. If, In order to Because, Before Though Unless, Until Although, After, As Since, So that subordinating conjunction , The robot was accurate: it passed the test. The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. The robot was not accurate; however, it passed the test. . independent clause dependent clause While, When/Where(ever) Even though However 4b. independent clause independent clause dependent clause . . However the robot was aligned, it always passed the test. The robot was accurate after it passed the test. Being accurate, the robot passed the test. Sentence Combining How to combine independent clauses Legal combination options Avoiding common mistakes Conjunctions and adverbs But, the robot passed the test for accuracy. Conjunctions combine two things However, the robot passed the test for accuracy. Coordinating adverb 2. therefore however thus 3. Independent clause meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , and but , independent clause . then consequently furthermore conjunction for so or/nor yet independent clause . Starting with “because” Because the robot passed the test. … end with an independent clause Because the robot passed the test, it should be put on the market. 4a. Subordinating conjunction While, When/Where(ever) Even though However dependent clause , independent clause . If, In order to Because, Before Though Unless, Until Although, After, As Since, So that Combining with “however” The robot passed the test for accuracy, however it was not precise. “However” rarely subordinates The robot passed the test for accuracy; however, it was not precise. 2. Independent clause therefore however thus ; coordinating adverb meanwhile accordingly nevertheless , independent clause then consequently furthermore . Practice with these sentences Virtual instruments simulate laboratory instruments. They do not always replace physical objects. The hen and the corn were in the same barn. The alarm sounded. Sentence Combining How to combine independent clauses Legal combination options Avoiding common mistakes EG 1003 1. Independent clause 2. Independent clause ; or : or . ; therefore however* thus 3. Independent clause , coordinating adverb meanwhile accordingly nevertheless Subordinating conjunction . The robot was accurate; therefore, it passed the test. . The robot was not accurate; however , it passed the test.* then consequently furthermore independent clause The robot was accurate, so it passed the test. . for or/ so nor yet dependent clause , While, When/Where(ever) If, In order to Even though Though However* Although, After, As 4b. Independent clause subordinating conjunction 5. Participial phrase independent clause , The robot was accurate: it passed the test. independent clause , conjunction and but 4a. independent clause independent clause However the robot was aligned, it always passed the test.* Because, Before Unless, Until Since, So that dependent clause . . Because the robot was accurate, it passed the test. . The robot was accurate after it passed the test. Being accurate, the robot passed the test. * Only in the sense of “by whatever means” is however a subordinator; usually, however is an adverb that expresses contrariness, like nevertheless, on the other hand, or in spite of(this)
