Bethan W. Jones
Principal Speech & Language Therapist
Prif Therapydd Iaith a Lleferydd
13/04/2015
1
SLI Provision through the
medium of Welsh
Darpariaeth AIP trwy
gyfrwng y Gymraeg
SLI
Specific Language Impairment
AIP
Anhwylder Iaith Penodol
What is SLI?
Beth yw AIP?
What is Communication?
Beth yw Cyfathrebu?
Communication entails
giving and receiving
messages.
It requires a speaker & a
listener.
There are many skills
involved in sucessful
communication.
Mae cyfathrebu yn
ddibynnol ar rhoi a
derbyn negeseuon.
Mae angen siaradwr a
gwrandawr.
Er mwyn cyfathrebu yn
llwyddianus mae
angen meistroli nifer
o sgiliau.
What is Communication?
Beth yw Cyfathrebu?
“Darllen rhwng y llinellau”
“Reading between the lines”
Dewis a Dweud Geiriau
Choose and Say Words
Deall Brawddegau
Understand Sentences
Deall Geiriau
Understand Words
Dewis a Dweud Brawddegau
Choose and Say Sentences
Cofio - Côf
Remember - Memory
Siarad yn glir
Speak Clearly
Gwrando a Thalu Sylw
Listening and Attention
Deall Iaith “Y Gwrandawr”
Understanding Language “The Listener”
SYNIAD!
IDEA!
Siarad yn Addas
Speak Appropriately
Edrych
Look
Mynegi Iaith “Y Siaradwr”
Expressive Language “The Speaker”
SLI
Language – difficulties
with one or more
components of the
chain.
Impairment – inability to
develop language skills
at the same rate or
same order as peers.
Specific – language is the
primary difficulty; and
it’s not caused by
learning difficulty or
hearing impairment.
AIP
Iaith – anhawster gydag
un neu fwy o elfennau’r
gadwyn.
Anhwylder – nid yw iaith
yn datblygu ar yr un
pryd a’i gyfoedion, nac
yn yr un drefn.
Penodol – iaith yw’r brif
broblem; ac nid yw’n
cael ei achosi gan
anabledd dysgu na
diffyg clyw.
When I was first
asked to present
on SLI and welsh
speaking children I
wondered “Why
me?”, what do I
know about it.
When I thought about
it I realised that,
actually I did know
something about it.
Pan ofynnwyd i mi
wneud cyflwyniad ar
AIP a phlant Cymru
Cymraeg, teimlais
“Pam fi?”, be’ dwi’n ei
wybod am y peth.
Ond wedi meddwl,
sylweddolias fy mod
yn gwybod tipyn am y
maes.
Have worked in
Language Resource
Centres in Wales for
19 years, therefore
with SLI children for 19
years.
Dwi wedi gweithio mewn
Canolfannau Iaith yng
Nghymru ers 19
mlynedd.
Am currently clinical lead
for SLI in BCUHB
(West).
Ar hyn o bryd fi yw
arweinydd clinegol AIP
ym BIPBC (Gorllewin)
Upon more thought I
decided to look for
the research on
Welsh & SLI.
So I duly put “specific
language
impairment” &
“Welsh” into a
search engine.
And found………
NOT A LOT
• Wedi meddwl
pendefynais chwilio
am yr ymchwil ar
AIP a’r Gymraeg.
• Felly fe wnes i “rhoi
anhwylder iaith
penodol” a
“Cymraeg” i fewn i
chwiliwr gwe.
• A dod o hyd i……
DDIM BYD LLAWER
I had more luck when
searching for SLI and
bilingulism.
More research is being
done in this field now,
but I found very little
that I could use today.
Cefais mwy o hwyl wrth
chwilio am AIP a
dwyieithrwydd.
Mae fwy o ymchwil rwan
yn cael ei wneud yn y
maes yma, ond nid
oeddwn wedi gallu dod
o hyd i unrhywbeth
defnyddiol ar gyfer
heddiw.
The research I’ve found
Mae’r ymchwil dwi wedi
suggests that bilingual
dod o hyd iddo yn
SLI children tend to
awgrymu bod gan plant
have predominantly
AIP dwyieithog
syntax and
anawsterau syntacteg
morphology difficulties.
a morffolegol yn
bennaf.
My personal experience
is that Welsh SLI
children have the full
range of SLI difficulties,
similar to their English
speaking counterparts.
That they are no
different.
Yn fy mhrofiad personol
i, mae gan plant AIP
Cymraeg yr holl
anawsterau AIP â
sydd gan eu cyfoedion
Saesneg. Nid ydynt yn
wahanol.
They have just as many
• semantic [content]
• pragmatic [use]
• syntactic [structure]
• lexical
• phonological [sounds]
difficulties as their
English counterparts.
Mae ganddynt gynifer o
anawsterau
• semanteg [cynnwys]
• pragmateg [defnydd]
• syntacteg [strwythyr]
• geiriol
• ffonolegol [synnau]
a’u cyfoedion Saesneg.
I observe/assess at their:
• Attention skills
• Listening skills
• Play skills
• Social competence
• Social use of language/pragmatic skills
• Ability to name nouns within the class
theme
• Ability to name verbs within the class
theme
• Concept use [theme]
• Short Term Memory skills – digit &
sentence recall
• Blank style screening tool [theme]
• And I complete an AFASIC checklist
Regardless of what language they speak.
Dwi yn asesu/arsylwi eu:
• Sgiliau talu sylw
• Sgiliau gwrando
• Sgiliau chwarae
• Sgiliau cymdeithasol
• Defnydd o iaith gymdeithasol/sgiliau
pragmatig.
• Gallu i enwi geirfa o fewn thema’r
dosbarth.
• Gallu i enwi berfau o fewn thema’r
dosbarth.
• Defnydd o gysyniadau [thema]
• Sgiliau cof tymor byr – cofio rhifau a
brawddegau
• Asesiad scrinio Blank [thema]
• Rhestr wirio AFASIC
Mae hyn yn berthnasol pa bynnag iaith
maent yn siarad
It’s only when I assess
at their :
• Phonological skills
• Syntactic skills
will I pay heed to the
language they speak
and the consequent
rules that govern
word order in
sentences, and how &
what sounds are used
in words.
Dim ond pan ydwyf yn
asesu eu :
•Sgiliau ffonolegol
•Sgiliau syntactig
Y byddaf yn talu sylw i’r iaith
maent yn ei siarad a’r
rheolau sy’n rheoli ym mha
drefn mae geiriau o fewn
brawddeg, a sut a pha
seiniau sy’n cael eu
defnyddio o fewn geiriau.
Welsh SLI children are just as
likely to :
• Have comprehension
difficulties
• Have word finding difficulties
• Use jargon
• Omit verbs from their
sentences
• Use telegrammatic
sentences
• Have memory deficits
As their English speaking
counterparts.
Mae plant AIP Cymraeg r’un
mor debygol o :
• Gael anawsterau
dealltwriaeth
• Gael anwsterau dwyn geiriau
i gof
• Defnyddio jargon
• Peidio defnyddio berfau o
fewn eu brawddegau
• Defnyddio brawddegau
telegramatig
• Cael diffygion cof
A’u cyfoedion Saesneg
One of the challenges that I
face is with resources. There
are far many more English
than Welsh resources.
Luckily Black Sheep are
producing Welsh resources
for Speech & Language
Therapy.
Bangor University have
developed a Welsh
vocabulary assessment.
Some Welsh phonology
assessments have also been
developed- CWLWM &
AFfGaM.
Un sialens dwi’n ei wynebu yw
diffyg adnoddau. Mae yna
lawer mwy o adnoddau
Saesneg na Chymraeg.
Yn ffodus mae Black Sheep yn
cynhyrchu adnoddau
Therapi Iaith a Lleferydd
Cymraeg.
Mae Prifysgol Bangor wedi creu
asesiad geirfa Cymraeg.
Mae sawl asesiad ffonoleg wedi
cael eu creu megis CWLWM
ac AFfGaM.
Ar draws BIPBC mae’r
ddarpariaeth ar gyfer
plant AIP Cymraeg yn
amrywio.
Mae rhai yn cael eu gweld
Some are seen in
o fewn Canolfannau
Language Resources.
Iaith.
Mae
rhai
yn
cael
eu
gweld
Some are seen in
o fewn ysgolion prif-lif.
mainstream schools.
Across BCUHB the
provision for welsh
SLI children varies.
The provision can
include:
• Training for school
staff
• Training for parents
Mae’r mewnbwn yn
gallu cynnwys:
• Hyfforddiant i staff yr
ysgol
• Hyfforddiant rhieni
The future
Y dyfodol