Test Review
AP World History
Ch. 8-10
Part II
What is a “Shogun”?
What was the position of the emperor
in Japan?
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
A “Shogun” was the military leader of all
Japan. This was achieved through military
conquest
The emperor was largely a dynastic title.
The real power was held by the Shogun
Describe the feudal system in Japan
during the 600-1200 C.E. period

The Heiji War, marks the beginning of feudal
Japan, for the relationship of various provincial
generals and lords to the shogun was the
relationship of vassals to a lord. The individual
provinces were more or less independent; their
lords, or daimyo, took oaths of allegiance to the
shogun.

http://www.wsu.edu/~dee/FEUJAPAN/FEUJAPAN
.HTM
Political aspects of feudal Japan



What was significant
about the Kamakura
shogunate?
1st of three decentralized military –
led governments
Rise of Samurai class
of warriors


Compare European
and Japanese
feudalism
http://www.regentspre
p.org/Regents/global/t
hemes/politicalsystem
s/feudalism.cfm
Who is Murasaki Shikibu?

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Female noblewoman-author of Tales of the
Genji
Book about the son of the Japanese
emperor in Kyoto around 1000 C.E.
http://www.taleofgenji.org/summary.html


What is Champa
rice?
Originally from India,
became the staple
crop in southern Viet
Nam (Champa) and
was brought as
tribute to the Song
China court and
became popular with
Chinese farmers
because it matured
faster than their own
rice variety.

What technological
achievements of the
Koryo dynasty of
Korea?

Beautifully printed
editions of Buddhist
texts

Woodblock printing

Moveable typeimproved by the
Chinese led to more
cheaply printed texts,
available to all
Compare the philosophies of
Buddhism and Confucianism


Although both began as guidelines for living,
Buddhism has developed into a religion.
Confucianism emphasized inner harmony with
nature and ancestor veneration, but Buddhism
focused on development of the individual with
nirvana, or total spiritual satisfaction as the goal.
http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/CliffsReview
Topic/Hinduism-Buddhism-Confucianism-andTaoism.topicArticleId-26957,articleId-26930.html
What are the differences between
Confucianism and Neo-Confucianism?


Neo-Confucianism became popular during
the Song dynasty in China. It was a new
interpretation of the teachings of Confucius.
This new interpretation emphasized
individual moral and social responsibility
with the “sage” who deals with social
problems calmly as the human ideal
Pg. 258
Buddhists & Confucianists
continued…
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Neo-Confucianists & Buddhists used meditation
Civil examinations for government positions
included questions from Confucian classics and
although this meant that positions were based on
merit, noble sons who had the time to study the
classics were more often successful.
Success meant good marriage prospects, high
salary and prestige. Failure could ruin a man and
his family
What factors contributed to the growth
of cities after 1200 C.E.?


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“Communes” of citizens demanded more
autonomy for self-government
Increase in agriculture=increase in
population (use of horse collar, plow)
Return to money based economy=more
craftspeople rather than farmers
Development of manufacturing and trade
Where is Kievan Rus?
Why was it important to trade?

The Slav peoples, ruled by
the Swedish Vikings
(Varangians) who lived in
the area of Kiev controlled
the trade on the Dnieper
and Volga Rivers, much of
trade was with the
Byzantine Empire (blue)

Pg. 232
Who are the Slavs?


member of the most numerous ethnic and linguistic body of
peoples in Europe, residing chiefly in eastern and
southeastern Europe but extending also across northern Asia
to the Pacific Ocean. Slavic languages belong to the IndoEuropean family. Customarily Slavs are subdivided into east
Slavs (chiefly Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians), west
Slavs (chiefly Poles, Czechs, Slovaks, and Wends, or Sorbs),
and south Slavs (chiefly Serbs, Croats, Slovenes, and
Macedonians). Bulgarians, though of mixed origin like the
Hungarians, speak a Slavic language and are often
designated as south Slavs.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/548156/Slav
What factors led to the development of
a middle class in many post-classical
societies?

Change from subsistence farming to
technological diffusion, increase in
population and consequently trade
increases led to the development of a
merchant class. The merchant class
developed power through control of the
economy.
What effect did the Franks have on
Europe?


member of a Germanic-speaking people who
invaded the western Roman Empire in the 5th
century ad. Dominating present-day northern
France, Belgium, and western Germany, the
Franks established the most powerful Christian
kingdom of early medieval western Europe. The
name France (Francia) is derived from their
name.
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/21711
3/Frank
In general, what rights did women
have before 800 C.E.?



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Some rights in marriage as to choice of partner or
to choose divorce
Some rights to property, laws upheld their rights to
have protection and support from a husband
Women had control of the home and children
although subservient to the husband.
Some women could work outside the home in
markets or as mid-wives.
Comparison
Questions
Compare the Tang dynasty with the
Byzantine empire





Tang
Christianity became
popular but Buddhism was
predominant
Major trade center of Asia
on Silk Road
Built on accomplishments
of Sui dynasty
Tang Code of laws
streamlined legal system





Byzantine
Christianity became
predominant religion
Major trade inter-section
on Silk Road
Built on accomplishments
of Roman Empire
Justinian Code of laws
streamlined legal system
Compare classical Rome to the Islamic
Golden Age


Rome
Innovations in
architecture and
building practical
inventions such as
aquaducts


Islamic Golden Age
Inventions were more
intellectual such as
mathmatics,
astronomy, medicine
How are the Song dynasty and Italian
city-states similar?


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Song
River side cities became
centers of bustling trade
Canals improved travel in
and between cities
“Flying money” allowed
credit in other cities



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Italian city-states
Located on the rivers and
seaways of Italy
Dominated the maritime
trade in the Mediterranean
Cities became
independent through the
power of trade
Gold coinage became
prolific due to trade
increase
Compare the Byzantine Empire to
Rome





Byzantine
Flourished due to location
on Silk Road
Christianity became
predominant
Art centered on religious
icons
Suffered from attacks from
Germanic tribes and
Muslims

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Rome
Began to lose economic
stability due to droughts &
plague
Polytheism
Art was bas-relief, realistic
sculpture in stone
Suffered attacks from
Germanic tribes
How did you do?
Good Luck!