Present Perfect:
duration, indefinite
past and incompletion
Units 11, 13 and 14 (GE)
3 Forms
1
Present Perfect: Duration (started in the
past and continue to now)
They have lived in Chicago since 1976.
have (have or has) + past participle (VERB)
Helping verb
2
Main verb
Present Perfect: Indefinite Past
Christine has written a new novel. (When?)
have (have or has)+ the past participle (VERB)
Helping verb
Main verb
Present Perfect
Now
_______________________________________________
X
X
up to now
Mrs. Olsen has been a teacher since 2002.
Mrs. Olsen has been a teacher for nine years.
Duration
She has visited Brazil.
They have seen the movie before.
Indefinite
Present Perfect

I have seen that movie before.
Simple Past
1. Specific mention of time:
◦ I met James yesterday at the orientation.
◦ Did you meet James at the orientation?
2. Situations that began and ended in
the past:
◦ Sophia was a dancer for 10 years from 1990
to 2000. Now she is an English teacher.
◦ Yesterday, I received an email from Christine.
Simple Past
 Meaning:
◦ Started and ended in
the past with no
connection to the
present.
◦ Specific time in the
past.
◦ Period of time is
completed before
time of speaking.
Present Perfect
 Meaning:
◦ Started in the past and
has connection to the
present.
◦ No specific time in the
past.
Simple Past or Present Perfect
Simple Past vs. Present Perfect:
since and for.

Present Perfect of Duration: Since and for.
1999-2005
Time?
Future
Past
Now
• Simple past: Completed actions.
The indefinite past?
Meaning
a. Sara lived in Hammond for five years.
b. Sara has lived in Hammond for five years.

How are these two sentences different?
Sara lived in Hammond for five years and she
doesn’t live there anymore.
b. Sara still lives in Hammond.
a.
Asking Questions with Present
Perfect


Ever = at least once in your lifetime.
Ever is not used in the answer to the question.
Have you ever been to Chicago?
Yes, I have been to Chicago.
No, I haven’t been to Chicago.
No, I’ve never been to Chicago.

Have you ever lived in Hammond?
◦ Yes, I’ve lived in Hammond since I was born.
◦ No, I’ve never lived in Hammond.
Look at the pictures below…
• Which sentence fits in situation A?
• Which sentence fits in situation B?
1. Did you climb the great pyramid?
2. Have you ever climbed the great Pyramid?
A
.
I lived in Egypt for
five years when I
was young.
B.
I’ve lived in Egypt
all my life.
Look at the pictures below…
• Which sentence fits in situation A?
• Which sentence fits in situation B?
1. Have you ever seen the ocean?
2. Did you see the ocean?
A
.
I lived on the west
coast of Japan for a
summer when I
was young.
B.
I’ve lived on the
west coast of Japan
all my life.
What is explorer?


EXPOLORE- ER
What does “ER” mean?
◦ A person who does something.

An explorer is someone who searches or
travels to discover something new.
◦ Discover= to learn about.
 Some
explorers have visited many
countries.
 Some explorers visited the great pyramids
in the past.
Explorer definition???

What does "explorer" mean?
◦ An explorer is a person who finds places and
sees things that no one else has seen before.
Li was an explorer
in the 1400s he died in 1455.
Hassan

Is an explorer, he will be 82 years old this
year.
Homework
GE Units 11, 13, 14
P.49 ex. 4
P.56 ex. 1
P.60 ex. 1
P.61 ex. 4