By Carl Sullivan
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World’s 4th most common patent country
(Japan, US, China, South Korea, Germany, in
order—these are the big five)
Booming economy
Great food
And…
http://www.wipo.int/moodle/

http://www.wipo.int/moodle/course/category.php?id=6

Guidelines for the Translation of Patentability Reports (K-E)
Guidelines for the Translation of Abstracts (K-E)

“All translations should be
written in clear, idiomatic
English that communicates the
meaning of the original text in
an understandable way. The
most important aspects of
abstract translation are accuracy
of terminology, completeness
(no omission or addition of
information) and an absence of
grammatical errors.”


“Every effort should be made to
use the most accurate, domainspecific and target-languageequivalent technical
terminology in each translation”
“The IPC code that may
accompany an abstract can be
helpful in orienting the search
for correct terminology. The IPC
can be searched in English on
the WIPO site
at: http://web2.wipo.int/ipcpu
b/#refresh=page and a Korean
version is available
at:http://www.patent.go.kr/jsp
/ka/menu/support/main/Sup
portMain0601.jsp”

“The following sections include a variety of
examples consisting of an excerpt from a
Korean abstract and one or more translations of
the excerpt.”
Ex: 폐수처리장치
Titles
WASTEWATER TREATMENT APPARATUS
The title of an invention
states in very succinct
terms the basic character
of what is claimed.
There are certain
syntactic conventions
observed in English
titles which are easily
understood – compound
nouns and noun phrases
predominate; articles are
not used; active verbs
generally appear as
gerunds.
하향링크 신호 수신 방법 및 장치
A WASTEWATER TREATMENT APPARATUS
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECEIVING
DOWNLINK SIGNAL
METHOD AND DEVICE FOR RECEIVING A
DOWNLINK SIGNAL
압축성형장치 및 압축성형방법
COMPRESSION MOLDING APPARATUS AND
COMPRESSION MOLDING METHOD
COMPRESSION MOLDING APPARATUS AND
METHOD
COMPRESSION MOLDING APPARATUS AND
METHOD THEREFOR
Pronoun Use
The meaning of
Korean pronouns
“그” and “이”
should be
preserved in the
English
translation, while
avoiding the use
of “it” or “its”.
Ex: 열분산기 및 그 제조방법
HEAT SPREADER AND METHOD FOR
MANUFACTURING SAME
HEAT SPREADER AND MANUFACTURING METHOD
THEREFOR
HEAT SPREADER AND ITS MANUFACTURING
METHOD
HEAT SPREADER AND METHOD FOR
MANUFACTURING IT
터치패널용 패드 및 이를 이용한 터치패널
PAD FOR TOUCH PANEL AND TOUCH PANEL USING
SAME
PAD FOR TOUCH PANEL AND TOUCH PANEL USING
THEREOF
PAD FOR TOUCH PANEL AND TOUCH PANEL USING
IT
셀레나졸 유도체, 이의 제조방법 및 이의 용도
SELENAZOL DERIVATIVE, PREPARATION METHOD
THEREFOR AND USE THEREOF
SELENAZOL DERIVATIVE, ITS PREPARATION
METHOD AND ITS USE
입자 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조되는 입자
METHOD FOR PREPARING PARTICLES AND
PARTICLES PREPARED THEREBY
METHOD FOR PREPARING PARTICLES AND
PARTICLES PREPARED THEREOF
Introduction
of Invention
Typical opening
phrases and
suggested
translation
approaches:

본 발명/고안은 …에 관한
것이다.
The present invention
relates to ….
Ex:
 본 발명은 …을 포함하는
화장실용 광고판에 관한
것이다.
 The present invention relates
to an advertising panel for
restrooms comprising ….
본 발명/고안은 …에 관한 것으로, 더욱 구체적으로는 …에 관한 것이다.
본 발명/고안은 …에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세하게는 …에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to … and, more particularly, to ….
The present invention relates to … and, more specifically, to ….

Ex: 본 발명은 광대역 무선 접속 시스템에 관한 것으로, 보다 상세히는 무선
접속 시스템에서 효율적인 시그널링 헤더의 구조에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a broadband wireless access system and,
more specifically, to the structure of an efficient signaling header in a
broadband wireless access system.

본 발명은 …을 제공한다.
The present invention provides …
Ex: 본 발명은 탄소나노튜브 도전막 및 이의
제조방법을 제공한다.
The present invention provides a carbon
nanotube conductive film and a method for
manufacturing same.

In the case of long and complex sentences, clarity
may be improved by reversing the structure and
using a colon and semicolons.
Ex: 결핵균과 항산성비결핵균 검출용 프라이머; 이를
포함하는 결핵균과 항산성비결핵균 검출 키트; 및
결핵균과 항산성비결핵균의 검출 방법이 제공된다.
Provided are: a primer for detecting mycobacterium
tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria; a
mycobacterium tuberculosis and nontuberculous
mycobacteria detection kit comprising the primer;
and a method for detecting mycobacterium
tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria.

(본 발명에서는) …이 개시된다.
본 발명은 …을 개시한다.
… is/are disclosed
Disclosed is/are ….
With short sentences, this structure is preferred:
Ex: 유기광전소자용 화합물 및 이를 포함하는
유기광전소자가 개시된다.
A compound for an organic photoelectric device and an organic
photoelectric device comprising same are disclosed.


Note: “본 발명은 ...을 개시한다” should not be translated as
“The present invention discloses …” because an invention
does not disclose something.

With long sentences, this structure is preferred:
Ex: 본 발명에서는 반송파 집성 기법이 적용된 무선 통신 시스템에서
사운딩 참조 신호들을 단말로부터 기지국으로 송신하는
방법이 개시된다.
Disclosed is a method for transmitting a sounding reference signal
from a terminal to a base station in a radio communication system to
which carrier aggregation is applied.


Disclosed in the present specification...
본 명세서에는 …이 개시되어 있다.
… is/are disclosed in the present specification.
Disclosed in the present specification is/are ….
With short sentences, this structure is preferred:
Ex: 본 명세서에는 비디오 신호를 인코딩 또는 디코딩하는 방법 및 장치가 개시되어 있다.
A method and a device for encoding or decoding video signals are disclosed in the present
specification.
With long sentences, this structure is preferred:
Ex: 본 명세서에는 반송파 집성 기법이 적용된 무선 통신 시스템에서 사운딩 참조 신호들을
단말로부터 기지국으로 송신하는 방법이 개시되어 있다.
Disclosed in the present specification is a method for transmitting sounding reference signals
from a terminal to a base station in a radio communication system to which carrier
aggregation is applied.


The purpose/objective of the present invention is to ….
본 발명의 목적은 … 하는 것이다.
본 발명은 …을 목적으로 한다.
본 발명은 … 하고자 하는 것이다.
The purpose/objective of the present invention is to ….
Ex:
본 발명은 인체의 발 형상과 동일한 형상의 라스트를 이용하여 신발을 제조하도록 함으로써
편안한 신발을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a comfortable shoe by manufacturing the
shoe using a last having the same shape as that of a human foot.
The objective of the present invention is to provide a comfortable shoe by manufacturing the
shoe using a last having the same shape as that of a human foot.
The object of the present invention is to provide a comfortable shoe by manufacturing the
shoe using a last having the same shape as that of a human foot.

Note: The translation “object” should be avoided, as this expression may be
misinterpreted to signify a physical object; in addition, the translation “is intended to”
should be avoided as it introduces ambiguity as to whether the purpose is achieved or
not, and the translation “intends to” should be avoided because inventions are inanimate
and thus are not capable of forming intent.
Definite and
Indefinite Articles
In abstracts, the first
time a feature is
mentioned it is typically
preceded by the
indefinite article, and
subsequent references to
the same feature are
preceded by the definite
article. These examples
demonstrate this
principle:
Ex: 본 발명은 예압 조절형 리니어 가이드
시스템에 관한 것으로서, 본 발명에 따른
예압 조절형 리니어 가이드 시스템은,
베이스 몸체와, 서로 나란하게 상기 베이스
몸체에 설치되는 한 쌍의 베이스 레일을
구비하는 베이스 부재; 및 슬라이드 몸체와,
상기 한 쌍의 베이스 레일과 각각 서로
마주하도록 상기 슬라이드 몸체에
설치되는 한 쌍의 슬라이드 레일을
구비하는 슬라이드 부재를 포함한다.
The present invention relates
to an adjustable preload-type linear guide
system. The adjustable preload-type
linear guide system according to the
present invention comprises: a base
member provided with a base body,
and a pair of base rails disposed parallel
to each other on the base body; and a slide
member provided with a slide body,
and a pair of slide rails disposed
on the slide body so as to face the pair of
base rails.

Note, however, that unique or specific attributes,
or inherent properties (height, width, length,
diameter, ratio, speed, temperature, orientation,
direction, top, bottom, etc.) will take the definite
article the first time they are mentioned.
Ex: 본 발명은 가열실, 가열기 및 가열실 내부 온도를
측정하는 온도측정부를 포함한 가열장치에 관한
것이다.
The present invention relates to a heating device
comprising a heating chamber, a heater
and a temperature measurement unit for measuring
the temperature inside the heating chamber.
Singular/Plural
Korean abstracts often do not
clearly indicate whether there
is one of (ora) certain element or a
plurality of a certain element in an
invention. In some cases, logic will
dictate that there must be more
than one of a given element, while
in other cases, the drawing may
illustrate the number of each
element used in an invention.
Ex: 본 발명은 전극 및 그 사이에 끼워진 유기층을
포함하는 발광소자에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a light-emitting
element comprising electrodes and an organic layer
sandwiched therebetween.
(The expression “그 사이”makes it clear that there
are multiple electrodes.)
Ex:블라인드 원단이 각각 감기는 상, 하부롤은 ….
An upper roll and a lower roll, around which
pieces of blind fabric are wound respectively, ….
(The expression “각각” makes it clear that there are
multiple pieces of blind fabric.)

Occasionally, it will be impossible to determine
whether there is one or a plurality of a certain
element in an invention, in which case the
translator may use the singular form because the
singular form does not exclude the possibility of
there being more than one such element,
whereas the plural form excludes the possibility
of there being only one element.
Placement of
Syntactic Elements
Carefully consider how
the juxtaposition of
words and phrases can
affect meaning or clarity.
When deciding the
placement of syntactic
elements, use best
judgment to achieve
clarity.

Placing the adverbial phrase near
the verb can be helpful in
achieving clarity when the object of
the verb is a long phrase:
본 발명은 활성성분으로 가르시니아
캄보지아 추출물 75 ~ 85 중량부, 대두
펩타이드 15 ~ 25 중량부, 및 L카르니틴 0.5 ~ 5 중량부를 포함하는
비만 또는 당뇨병의 예방 또는 개선용
조성물을 제공한다.
The present invention provides a
composition for preventing or
relieving obesity or diabetes, the
composition comprising, as active
ingredients, 75-85 parts by weight of
Garcinia cambogia extract, 15-25 parts
by weight of soy peptides, and 0.5-5
parts by weight of L-carnitine.

Placing the indirect object near the performer of
the action can be used to ensure that a translation
does not introduce ambiguity:
Ex: 상기 기지국 장치는 통신용 전력 설정 변수를 상기
단말장치에 송신한다.
The base station apparatus transmits, to the terminal
apparatus, power setting parameters for
communication.
 The base station apparatus transmits power
setting parameters for communication to the
terminal apparatus.
In other instances, placing the direct object near
the performer of the action provides better
readability. In this example, the direct object is
a short phrase and the indirect object is a long
phrase:
Ex: 상기 기지국은 위치 신호를 송신하는 상기
이동국으로 채널 지정 메시지를 송신한다.
The base station transmits a channel assignment
message to the mobile station which transmits a
location signal.

Relative clauses
In addition, care should
be taken that relative
clauses be structured so
that it is absolutely clear
what the clause is
modifying.
Ex: 한 쌍의 레일을 따라 이동
가능하며 인출부재에 결합된 한
쌍의 활주부
a pair of runners which are able
to move along a pair of rails and
which are connected to the
drawing member
a pair of runners that are able to
move along a pair of
rails, which are connected to the
drawing member
 (In this translation, “which
are connected…” modifies
the rails, not the runners.)
Given that the use of relative clauses can give rise
to confusion, it is preferable to use structures that
do not hinge on “that” or “which” when possible.
Ex: 이러한 신호처리장치는 기지국으로부터 신호를
수신하는 수신부 및 수신된 신호를 처리하는 처리부를
포함한다.
This signal processing device comprises a reception
unit for receiving signals from a base station, and a
processing unit for processing the received signals.
This signal processing device comprises a reception
unit whichreceives signals from a base station, and a
processing unit whichprocesses the received signals.


Splitting Up of Long
Portions
An abstract may include text
extracted from a patent claim
which has been drafted as a single,
and often long, sentence. While not
advisable when translating a claim,
it is permissible and often advisable
to split up long sentences for the
sake of clarity in an abstract. When
splitting a long Korean sentence
during translation, care must be
taken not to add or omit any text
and to maintain the correct subject
for each sentence.

Ex: 손가락을 고정하는 손가락 홀더와, 손가락 홀더에
고정된 손가락의 손톱에 이미지를 인쇄하는 프린터부를
포함하고, 상기 프린터부는 프린터헤드 프레임에
설치되는 프린터헤드와, 프린터헤드를 좌우방향으로
이동시키는 제1이동유닛과, 프린터헤드 프레임을
전후방향으로 이동시키는 제2이동유닛을 포함하고,
상기 제2이동유닛은, 구동모터와, 구동모터에 의해
구동되는 제1구동부재와, 제1구동부재와 이격 설치되며
제1구동부재의 전후 이동을 안내하는 제2구동부재와,
제2구동부재가 제1구동부재에 밀착되도록
제2구동부재를 상승시키는 제2구동부재 승강모듈을
포함하는 네일아트장치를 개시한다.
Disclosed is a nail art device comprising: a finger
holder for fixing a finger; and a printer unit for printing
an image on the nail of the finger fixed by the finger
holder. The printer unit includes: a printer head
provided on the printer head frame; a first moving unit
for moving the printer head left and right; and a second
moving unit for moving the printer head frame
forwards and backwards. The second moving unit
includes: a driving motor; a first driving member that
is driven by the driving motor; a second driving
member that is spaced apart from the first driving
member and which guides the forward-and-backward
movement of the first driving member; and a second
driving member elevating module for elevating the
second driving member so that the second driving
member comes into close contact with the first driving
member.
Pronouns
Pronouns such as “it”, “them” and
“they” should not be used to indicate
the elements of an invention, as such
expressions can often lead to
confusion. However, the use of “it” as
a ‘dummy’ pronoun (e.g., “It is
possible to…”) is acceptable.
In the case that a Korean abstract
includes a demonstrative (e.g., “그” or
“이”), the demonstrative should be
rendered using a different expression
(e.g. “therefor”, “thereof”, “same”).
When the element or feature to which
the demonstrative refers in the
translation is located far from the
demonstrative, which is located close
to the referred element or feature in
the Korean text, the demonstrative
should be eliminated by repeating the
noun to achieve clarity.
Ex: 유기화합물 및 그 제조방법
ORGANIC COMPOUND AND METHOD FOR
PRODUCING SAME
ORGANIC COMPOUND AND PRODUCTION METHOD
THEREFOR
ORGANIC COMPOUND AND ITS PRODUCTION
METHOD
ORGANIC COMPOUND AND METHOD FOR
PRODUCING IT
유기화합물 및 그 유도체
ORGANIC COMPOUND AND DERIVATIVE THEREOF
ORGANIC COMPOUND AND ITS DERIVATIVE
본 발명은 스위칭 소자 뿐만 아니라 메모리 소자에도 응용될
수 있는 적층 어레이 구조를 갖는 반도체 소자와 이를 메모리
소자로 이용한 낸드 플래시 메모리 어레이 에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to: a semiconductor device
which has a stacked array structure and can be applied to a
memory device as well as to a switching device; and a
NAND flash memory array using the semiconductor
device as a memory device.
The present invention relates to: a semiconductor device
which has a stacked array structure and can be applied to a
memory device as well as to a switching device; and a
NAND flash memory array using same as a memory device.

Adverbs such as “therein”, “thereon,”
“therebetween” and “thereunder” are useful for
avoiding repetition or sentences that would
otherwise end awkwardly in a pronoun. Care
should be taken to place these adverbs in the
proper position.



한 쌍의 전극과 그 사이에 끼워진 적어도 하나의
유기층을 포함하는 유기전계발광소자
an organic electroluminescent element comprising
a pair of electrodes and at least one organic layer
sandwiched therebetween
Initialisms and
Acronyms
If a Korean source text includes an
initialism or acronym that is used
in English without including the
expansion thereof, then it is not
necessary to explicate the initialism
or acronym.
If a Korean source text includes an
initialism or acronym together with
the expansion thereof, then the
initialism or acronym should be
placed inside parentheses
immediately following the concept
it denotes the first time the concept
is indicated in the translation,
regardless of the structure used in
the original.
Ex: OFDM 변조방식을 이용한
무선통신방법이 제공된다.
Provided is a wireless communication
method using an OFDM modulation
scheme.
Ex: OFDM(orthogonal frequency
division multiplexing) 변조방식을 이
용한 무선통신방법이 제공된다.
Provided is a wireless communication
method using an orthogonal
frequency division multiplexing
(OFDM) modulation scheme.
Provided is a wireless communication
method using an OFDM (orthogonal
frequency division multiplexing)
modulation scheme.
Empty Verbs
Verbs such as “수행하다” and “실
행하다“ need not always be
rendered literally as “performing”,
“carrying out”, etc.
In some instances, these so-called
“empty verbs” can be omitted
when there is a more idiomatic
alternative in English.
Ex:기판의 표면 처리를 수행하는
수단
a means for treating the
surface of a substrate
a means for performing
treatment of the surface of a
substrate
Phonetic Term
Equivalents
Although Korean terms rendered
in phonetic transcriptions are often
derived from English terms, it is
not always appropriate to simply
use the English equivalents of the
phonetic terms.
Ex: 자전거 핸들
BICYCLE HANDLE BAR
자동차용 핸들
STEERING WHEEL FOR
VEHICLE
제어 타겟 장치
a device to be controlled
핸드폰
a mobile phone
a cellular phone
a handphone
In some cases identical or similar phonetic
expressions are used to signify very different
concepts in English.
Ex: 반도체 리드 프레임
SEMICONDUCTOR LEAD FRAME
관악기용 리드 살균기
DEVICE FOR STERILIZING REED FOR WIND
INSTRUMENT
다결정 실리콘 웨이퍼
POLYCRYSTALLINE SILICON WAFER
실리콘 레진 조성물
SILICONE RESIN COMPOSITION
Missing Subjects
Sometimes necessary to add the
appropriate subject to the English
translation of a Korean sentence.
Such additions should only be
made when the subject of the
sentence is unambiguous;
otherwise, translators may attempt
to resolve the problem by
translating the sentence in the
passive voice.
Ex: 특정 어플리케이션을
다운로드 받기를 원하는 무선
단말기
a wireless terminal on which a
user wants to download a
particular application
“～”
Korean abstract often use the
symbol “～” to delimit ranges; this
symbol should be replaced with a
hyphen or the word “to”.
Ex: １～２０중량％ can be
written:
1-20 wt%
1 to 20 wt%
Ex:
２이상 can be written:
greater than or equal to 2
at least 2
2 or more
not less than 2

“이상” “이하”
In addition, ranges expressed using
the notation “이상” and “이하”
may be translated in a variety of
ways.
５이하 can be written:
less than or equal to 5
at most 5
5 or less
not more than 5
２이상５이하 can be written:
2-5
2-5 inclusive
Note: This list is not exhaustive; the
appropriate expression for a given context
should be used (e.g. “longer”, “heavier”,
“higher”, “taller”, “more”, etc.).

The numbers one through nine, cardinal or
ordinal, should be written out in full (e.g. “two
elements”, “first step”) unless expressing a
measurement (e.g. “2 mm”, “7 m/s”) or a
range (e.g. “1-5 g”). As of 10, the pure
numerical form is used (e.g. "12 elements", "14
grooves", "36 perforations").
Comprises vs.
Consists of
The expression “an invention consisting of a
first element and a second element” signifies
that the invention includes only a first
element and a second element, and nothing
more. Meanwhile, the expression “an
invention comprising a first element and a
second element” signifies that the invention
includes a first element and a second
element, and may also include other
constituent items. Note that proper usage is
for a whole to comprise various parts (“a
book comprises pages”); the reverse
relationship uses the verb “compose” (“pages
compose a book”) or “constitute” (“pages
constitute a book”). As a matter of style, the
expression “is comprised of” should be
avoided.
In Korean, the expression “포함하다”
delimits a non-exhaustive list, and thus
should be rendered as “comprise”.
Meanwhile, the expression “(만)으로 구성되
다” delimits an exhaustive list, and therefore
should be translated as “consist of”. The
expression “필수적으로 포함하여 구성되다”
falls somewhere in-between, limiting the
scope of a claim to the specified materials or
steps “and those that do not materially affect
the basic and novel characteristic(s)” of the
claimed invention, and thus should be
translated as “consist essentially of”.
Ex: 본 발명은 베이스 몸체와, 서로
나란하게 배치되어 상기 베이스 몸체에
설치되는 한 쌍의 베이스 레일을
구비하는 베이스 부재; 및 슬라이드
몸체와, 상기 한 쌍의 베이스 레일과
각각 서로 마주하도록 상기 슬라이드
몸체에 설치되는 한 쌍의 슬라이드
레일을 구비하는 슬라이드 부재를
포함하는 예압 조절형 리니어 가이드
시스템에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to an
adjustable preload-type linear guide
system comprising: a base member
provided with a base body, and a pair
of base rails disposed on the base
body, one parallel to the other; and a
slide member provided with a slide
body, and a pair of slide rails disposed
on the slide body to face the pair of
base rails.
Ex: Ｒ1은 페닐기, 벤질기 및 니트로기로 이루어진
군으로부터 선택된다.
R1 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl groups,
benzyl groups and nitro groups.
Note: The expression “…로 이루어진 군으로부터 선택되는
” should always be translated as “selected from the group
consisting of …”.
상기 표면층은 C와 H, 또는 C와 H와 O를 필수적으로 포함
하여 구성되는 유기수지를 더 포함할 수도 있다.
The surface layer may further contain an organic
resin consisting essentially of C and H, or C, H and O.
Steps
In cases where a method or process
is presented as comprising a
sequence of steps, the standard
formulation is “comprises the steps
of: …”. When the Korean text
contains the expression “다음 단계
들” or “다음공정들”, the translation
may be rendered as “comprises the
following steps: ...” However,
translators should not add the
expression “the following steps” if
there is no such indication in
Korean. In addition, when the
Korean text does not contain the
expression “단계”, the translator
should not add “the step(s)”.
Ex: 본 발명에 따른 코팅 방법은, 1) 티타늄 또는 티타늄 합금
임플란트의 표면을 전처리하는 단계, 2) 인산 이온 용액 및
칼슘 이온 용액을 혼합하여 인산칼슘 이온 용액을 제조하는
단계, 및 3) 상기 티타늄 또는 티타늄 합금 임플란트를 상기
제조된 인산칼슘 이온 용액에 보관하는 단계를 포함한다.
The coating method according to the present
invention comprises the steps of: 1) preprocessing the
surface of a titanium or titanium alloy implant; 2) preparing
a calcium phosphate ion solution by mixing a phosphate ion
solution and a calcium ion solution; and 3) storing the
titanium or titanium alloy implant in the prepared
phosphate ion solution.
Ex (no steps): 본 발명은 티타늄 또는 티타늄 합금 임플란트
표면을 전처리하고, 인산 이온 용액 및 칼슘 이온 용액을
혼합하여 인산칼슘 이온 용액을 제조하며, 상기 티타늄 또는
티타늄 합금 임플란트를 상기 제조된 인산칼슘 이온 용액에
보관하는 것을 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 코팅 방법에
관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a coating
method comprising: preprocessing the surface of a titanium
or titanium alloy implant; preparing a calcium phosphate
ion solution by mixing a phosphate ion solution and a
calcium ion solution; and storing the titanium or titanium
alloy implant in the prepared calcium phosphate ion
solution.

When the Korean text contains the names of steps, the names should be preserved in the
translation. For example:
본 발명에 따른 다결정 실리콘 박막의 제조방법은, 절연 기판상에 금속층을 형성시키는 금속층
형성단계; 상기 금속층 형성단계에서 형성된 금속층 위에 실리콘층을 적층하는 제1실리콘층
형성단계; 상기 금속층으로부터 촉매 금속 원자가 상기 실리콘층으로 이동하여 실리사이드층을
형성하는 제1열처리 단계; 상기 실리사이드층 위에 비정질 실리콘층을 적층시키는 제2실리콘층
형성단계; 및 상기 실리사이드층의 입자를 매개로 하여 상기 비정질 실리콘층에서 결정질
실리콘이 생성하는 결정화 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.
The method for manufacturing a polycrystalline silicon thin film according to the present
invention comprises: a metallic layer formation step for forming a metallic layer on an
insulation substrate;a first silicon layer formation step for laminating a silicon layer on the
metallic layer formed in the metallic layer formation step; a first heat treatment step
for forming a silicide layer by allowing metal catalyst atoms to be transferred from the
metallic layer to the silicon layer; a second silicon layer formation step for laminating an
amorphous silicon layer on the silicide layer; and a crystallization step for forming
crystalline silicon on the amorphous silicon layer by using particles of the silicide layer as a
mediator.
Wherein
In English patent language, the
expression “wherein” is generally
used to provide limitations and
descriptions to the element of an
invention which has been
previously mentioned.
Ex: 본 발명은 제1공기통로 및
제2공기통로를 포함하는
열교환기에 관한 것으로서, 상기
제1공기통로는 제1팬 유닛과
복수 개의 방열관을 구비하는
것을 특징으로 한다.
The present invention relates to
a heat exchanger comprising a
first air passage and a second air
passage, wherein the first air
passage is provided with a first
fan unit and a plurality of heat
dissipation tubes.
Means-PlusFunction Language
Often the elements of an invention
will be described generically in
terms of the functions thereof; in
such cases, it is common to use the
structure “[element] for [function]”.
Ex:상기 신호처리장치는
기지국으로부터 신호를 수신하는
수신부 및 수신된 신호를
처리하는 처리부를 포함한다.
The signal processing device
comprises a reception
unit for receiving signals from a
base station, and a processing
unit for processing the received
signals.
본 발명
It is common practice in Korean to
refer to the invention as “본 발명”.
This expression should be rendered
as “the present invention”.
Ex: 본 발명은 식（１）로
표시되는 신규한 디아민
화합물을 제공한다.
The present invention provides
a novel diamine compound
represented by formula (1).
Formed With
The expression “~에 B가 형성된 A”
should be translated as “A having
B (formed) on/in/…,” rather than
as “A formed with B on/in …”.
This structure can also be applied
to “～이 장착된～”, “～이 구비된～
”, etc.
Ex: 전면에 광고판 고정홈이 형성된
후면판
a rear panel having an advertising
panel fixing groove (formed) on
the front surface thereof
a rear panel formed with an
advertising panel fixing groove on
the front surface thereof
내부에 상기 보호회로모듈이
장착되는 팩 케이스
a lower pack case having the
protection circuit module mounted
therein
a rear panel mounted with the
protection circuit module

Although this character can literally be
translated as “each”, it is often used to make
the associated noun plural (due to the lack of a
grammatical plural in Korean). Thus, “각 소자
”could be translated as “each element”, but in
many cases the translation “respective
elements” or “elements” will also be
appropriate.
상기
“상기”is typically used to refer to
an element, feature or step that has
been presented earlier in the
abstract. This expression can
generally be translated as “the,”
which is always preferable to
“said”.
Ex: 본 발명은 베이스 몸체와, 서로 나란하게 상기
베이스 몸체에 설치되는 한 쌍의 베이스 레일을
구비하는 베이스 부재; 및 슬라이드 몸체와, 상기 한
쌍의 베이스 레일과 각각 서로 마주하도록 상기
슬라이드 몸체에 설치되는 한 쌍의 슬라이드 레일을
구비하는 슬라이드 부재를 포함하는 예압 조절형
리니어 가이드 시스템에 관한 것이다.
The present invention relates to an adjustable
preload-type linear guide system comprising: a base
member provided with a base body, and a pair of
base rails disposed parallel to each other on the base
body; and a slide member provided with a slide
body, and a pair of slide rails disposed on the slide
body so as to face the pair of base rails.
Ex:서열번호 1의 염기서열을 포함하는
폴리뉴클레오티드, 상기 폴리뉴클레오티드를
포함하는 형질전환체, 및 상기 형질전환체를 이용하여
지방산을 제조하는 방법이 제공된다.
Provided are: a polynucleotide including the base
sequence represented by SEQ ID NO: 1; a
transformant including the polynucleotide; and a
method for producing fatty acids using the
transformant.

Due to the structural differences between the
Korean and English languages, it is common for
the order of the clauses in a sentence to be reversed
during the translation process. In such cases, it is
necessary to ensure that the expression “상기”
does not refer to a nonexistent statement.
Ex:차량의 경사각에 따라 상기 차량의 속도를 제어하는
controlling the speed of a vehicle according to the
inclination angle ofthe vehicle
controlling the speed of the vehicle according to the
inclination angle of a vehicle
대상
The expression “대상” is often used
to designate the direct object of an
action, and thus in many cases does
not have to be translated literally.
Ex: ＳＲＳ 전송 리소스 할당
대상의 이동단말
the mobile terminal to
which SRS transmission
resources are to be allocated
the mobile terminal that is the
SRS transmission resource
allocation target
감시대상
the subject being monitored
the monitoring target
～의
It is not always appropriate to
render the genitive construction “
의” in Korean as “of” in English.
Often the relationship between the
two nouns is better expressed in
other ways. For example:
Ex:벽의 개구
the opening in the wall
제1단계의 혼합물
the mixture obtained in the
first step

“복수의/다수의 [noun]” should be translated
as “a plurality of” [nouns] or “multiple”
[nouns]; the translation “plural” [nouns]
should be avoided.

Although ”1또는 2이상” can literally be
translated as “one or two or more”, the
translation “one or more” is sufficient.
Similarly, “적어도 하나 이상” can literally be
translated as “at least one or more”, but the
translation “at least one” is sufficient.

This expression is highly context sensitive, and
is often rendered as “part”, “section” or “unit”.
The translation “section” is preferred when
describing a specific portion of a larger
element; and the translation “unit” is preferred
when describing an electrical structure for
performing a process.
Ex: 처리부
processing unit

Complete instructions for the translation and
associated handling of the drawings associated
with abstracts are set out in a separate document,
the Guidelines for the Translation of Korean
Drawings. This document provides clear guidance
on all aspects of drawing translation, and
particularly addresses how to add manual
references to TIFF images.


Adherence to the drawing guidelines is
mandatory. If you have not received the drawing
guidelines, please contact the PCT Translation
Service immediately to obtain a copy.

An extensive patent glossary is provided on the
WIPO website