Chapter 2 Lecture
Worlds Collide:
The Expansion of Europe
Key Topics
*European background of American colonization
*Creation of the Spanish New World empire and
its first extensions to North America
*The large-scale intercontinental exchange of
peoples, crops, animals, and diseases
*The French role in the beginning of the North
America fur trade
*England’s first overseas Ireland and America
Post-it-Note Review
Based on your reading and your prior
knowledge, describe Europe in the14th, 15th
and 16th centuries.
Discussion question #2:
What economical changes are occurring?
What political changes are occurring?
Be ready to further explain your responses
Factors of the Renaissance
• Religious ideals and values changed (What
disastrous event would cause people to second
guess and question the one power institution of
the church?
• Consumerism
• Rise of Monarchies(Legitimacy)
• Technological advancements
• Crusades
• Humanism/secularism
• Feeling and ideology of human possibility
Statement:
Europeans were not so much
innovators as magnificent adaptors.
• Turn and talk
• What is meaning of the statement?
• How does this statement provide Europeans
justification to pursue the New World?
First the Portuguese and then the
Spanish
*Provide 2 reasons why some European states
were better positioned for colonizing than
others. (Map on page 36)
*What allowed the Portuguese to begin the age of
exploration?
*Where did their conquests lead them? What
precedent did they begin?
The partnership that changed the
world
Christopher Columbus
(Linked to 500 Nations episode)
King Ferdinand of Castile and Queen
Isabella of Aragon
Analyze
the
picture
using APPARTS
The Spanish and the New World
White Board Activity
-Groups of 3
-Discuss your notes from pages 39-44
-5-7 mins. Answer the following:
Not using the standards and bias of today, how
would you assess and evaluate the Spanish
conquest of the Americas?
(Read aloud Conquistadors American Pageant pg.18)
The Spanish and the New World
 Institution of Encomienda
 Eventual depletion of gold
 Depletion of the Native population
 Became the leading empire in Europe
 Precedence set for other Conquistadors
 Violence, plundering, slaughtering
 Cortez, Balboa, Pizzaro, de Leon, de Soto, de Coronado, etc.
Discuss Primary Source Reading of One Aztec Remembers…
Evaluate the pictures depicting Spanish cruelties to natives (pg. 42)
Discussion Question # 3:
What factors enabled the Spanish to conquer the
Aztec empire?
Conclusion and assignment
 Exit ticket
 Summarize the key concepts of today’s lecture and
activities in 3-4 sentences
 Assignment for tomorrow:
 Finish reading of Chapter 2 (Take notes and outline)
 Completion of discussion questions (1,3,4,5)
 Work on completion of Learning Targets
 Read through each of the following primary sources and
be ready to discuss them tomorrow:
* The English and the Algonquins at Roanoke
(pg. 32-33)
*A French Captain Describes His First Contact with
the Indians in 1534. (Chapter 2 Primary Source Packet)
Chapter 2 Lecture: Part 2
Smart Start: (White Board) 2-3 mins.
Briefly discuss with a partner next to you about
the First European attempts in the conquest of
the mainland of North America.
Be sure to provide 2 pieces of evidence to
support your understanding.
• Map 2.4
European
Exploration, 14921591
By the mid-sixteen
century, European
had explored most
the Atlantic coast o
North America and
penetrated into the
interior in the
disastrous
expeditions of de
Soto and Coronad
Part of an expedition
in 1528 that failed
and ended in some
of the men
wondering the
southwest and gulf
coast regions.
New Wave of Spanish
Conquistadors
Juan Ponce de Leon
First to attempt N.A.
mainland conquest
(1513)
Governor of Puerto Rico
Alvar Nunez
Cabeza de Vaca
Named Florida
In his attempt, killed by
Natives
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
Led conquest in Rio Grande region
(Texas border) and Southwest
Came in contact with Pueblo
Natives and Great Plain Natives
Disappointed to find trace of gold
Hernando de Soto
Published account in
which he told rumors
of empire known as
Cibola (Most likely
referred to the Native
Tribe of the
Mississippians.
Veteran of Peru conquest
Expedition Florida and the
South. Moved to Mississip
and Arkansas
Army heavily depleted and
mauled. Eventually died on
conquest
Spanish Empire of inclusion
By 1592 250,000 Spaniards had come to the
new world
Same time 125,000 Africans as slaves
Treaty of Tordesillas divided the Americas
(North and South) between Portugal and
Spain
Women only made up 10% of pop.
Intermarriage (Mestizos= Spanish/Native
Mullato= Spanish/African)
Stop….let’s discuss
Question # 3(little more enhanced and
review)
What factors enabled the Spanish to conquer
not only the Aztecs, but the vast population of
the Natives living in the Americas?
The quest for Furs (Picture and
Primary source analysis)
Major changes occurring…..
 Who is Martin Luther?
 What role did he play in changing the
course of history?
Why do you believe his movement had such
the impact and effect it did?
Revolution and Reformation
• 1517: Martin Luther develops
and proclaims his 95 Thesis
which claims that eternal
salvation is a gift from God,
not earned through good
deeds.
• Attraction to many over
Europe (Faced persecution
from Catholics)
• 1533: John Calvin takes
Lutheranism to a new level
where in he preaches that God
has chosen a small percentage
to salvation and the rest are
condemned. (Predestination)
So, we know of the Spanish and now
the French. What about the English?
• Sit back…..here is a short overview of how the
Reformation changed not only the view on
religion, but changed a little island nation for
ever.
Queen Elizabeth I: Golden Age of
England (1558-1603)
• How did Queen
Elizabeth try to
get England
involved in the
age of
exploration?
• What challenges
did England have
to face?
• Successful at
first?
Roanoke 1588-1589
• What happened
to this colony?
• Why did it fail to
sustain and be
successful?
• What predictions
can be made from
the experiences of
Roanoke and
what the English
will face at
Jamestown in
1607?
So, let’s discuss once more
Question #5 What role did the Protestant
Reformation play in enabling Europeans
embark on the conquest of the Americas?
Conclusion
For tomorrow:
• Write your first journal entry (200-250 words)
that demonstrates your understanding of the
concepts of chapter 2.
• Prepare for your first quiz (Multiple choice)