Sentence Structure
(page 12R) Sentence Structure
We are going to go through these notes
quickly since we already learned this
material at the beginning of the year.
You need to write everything that is in
red.
Feel free to add anything else to your
notes if needed.
Here we go…
Isn’t a sentences just a
sentence?
NOPE!
Before we learn about the 3 different
types of sentences, we need to know
what an independent clause and
dependent clause are…
Before We Begin…
Does anyone know what a subject is?
– A noun that is the topic of the sentence
– Example: Susie ate ice cream today.
• Susie is a noun. Susie is the subject
Does anyone know what a verb is?
– A verb is an action word.
– Example: Susie ate ice cream today.
• ate is the verb in the sentence
1
INDEPENDENT AND DEPENDENT
CLAUSES
An Independent clause is a group of words that
contains a subject and verb and express a
complete thought. It’s a sentence all on its
own.
– Example:
A dependent clause is a group of words that
contains a subject and verb and does not
express a complete thought. It can not be a
sentence on its own.
– Example:
2
PRACTICE! CAN YOU HELP ME?
Sentence
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
While we were sleeping one night
A thunderstorm blew in from the north
Rain pelted the windows of my bedroom
Although I’m a sound sleeper
I awoke with a start
When I hear the first clap of thunder
Since I had left the window open
My books on the windowsill are wet
independent or dependent
(subordinate)
1. dependent
2. independent
3. independent
4. dependent
5. independent
6. dependent
7. dependent
8. independent
3
TYPES OF SENTENCES
Simple Sentences
Independent clause = Simple sentence
Ex: I love ice cream.
Complex Sentences
Independent clause + Dependent clause = Complex Sentence
Ex: When it’s hot out, I love ice cream.
Compound Sentences
Independent clause + Independent clause = Compound Sentence
Ex: I love ice cream, and I adore chocolate cake.
4
SENTENCE TYPES PRACTICE
Simple Sentence:
– You could go swimming.
– We could take a walk.
Compound Sentence:
– You could go swimming , or we could take a
walk.
Complex Sentence:
– You will enjoy the new animals at the zoo if
you are interested in elephants.
5
Compound sentence
Compound sentences always combine two
simple sentences with a comma + FANBOYS
– For, And, Nor, But, Or, Yet, So
THESE ARE CALLED COORDINATING
CONJUNCTIONS!!!!
Coordinating conjunctions connect 2 independent
clauses. There are 7 coordinating conjunctions
that link sentences. To remember them, we use
the word FANBOYS.
.
6
FANBOYS (NOTICE THE COMMAS BEFORE
THE CONJUNCTION!)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
For shows reason.
And shows addition.
Nor adds a negative.
But shows opposition.
Or shows an
alternative.
6. Yet shows exception.
7. So shows a result.
1. I like to read mystery novels, for I
love suspense
2. She goes to the beach, and she
takes her dog.
3. I don’t like garlic, nor do I like
onions
4. He won’t get into the concert, but
he can try.
5. I will take my kids to a movie, or I
will stay home.
6. I want to lose weight, yet I eat
chocolate daily.
7. I will study the fanboys, so I can
impress my teacher.
7
Complex Sentences
Complex sentences are combined with
SUBORDINATE CONJUNCTIONS
(BISAWAWE).
Dependent clause + independent
clause + BISAWAWE = Complex
Sentence.
7
Subordinate conjunctions
You can remember them as: BISAWAWE
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Because
If
Since
After
When
Although
While
Even though
Examples:
• If I go to the store
• After we ate at the restaurant
• While I was studying
Exit Ticket (page 12L)
Write 2 of the following types and structures of sentences. Feel
free to use your notes, but you need to come up with your own
sentences.
Interrogative
Declarative
Imperative
Exclamatory
Simple
Compound
Complex
2 sentences for each (2 x 7 = 14)