Health
Healthand
andSafety
Safety
Executive
Executive
CDM 2007 Training
Package
Session 4 - Designers
Version: September 07
Who are designers? (1)
•
•
•
•
•
A ‘designer’ has a wide definition under CDM
2007
If you design or specify building work, then you
are a designer with duties under CDM
Duties apply to all projects, including nonnotifiable and domestic
It includes people who prepare
– Drawings
– Design details, analysis and calculations
– Specification and Bills of Quantities
The design could be on paper, computer or
verbal
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 2
Who are designers? (2)
•
Designers include
– Civil and structural engineers
– Building services engineers
– Those specifying or purchasing materials
– Temporary works designers
– Interior fit out designers
– Clients who specify
– Design and construction contractors
– Statutory bodies that require features that are not
statutory requirements
•
Statutory requirements are exempted i.e. Building Regs
requirements are not designs under CDM 2007
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 3
Who are designers? - Overseas
designers
•
Where the design work is undertaken by
oversees designers, the designers duties
under CDM 2007 falls on:
– Person who commissions it if in GB or
– The client for the work
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 4
Duties on designers (1)
•
Designers have to:
– Ensure clients are aware of their duties
– Make sure they (the designer) are
competent for the work they do
– Co-ordinate their work with others as
necessary to manage risk
– Co-operate with CDM co-ordinator and
others
– Provide information for the health and
safety file
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 5
Duties on designers (2)
•
Designers have to avoid foreseeable risks
SFAIRP by:
– Eliminating hazards from the
construction, cleaning, maintenance,
and proposed use (workplace only) &
demolition of a structure
– Reduce risks from any remaining
hazard
– Give collective risk reduction measures
priority over individual measures
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 6
Duties on designers (3)
Designers must also:
•
Take account of the Workplace (Health,
Safety & Welfare) Regulations 1992 when
designing a workplace structure
•
Provide information with the design to
assist clients, other designers, &
contractors
•
In particular – inform others of significant
or unusual/ “not obvious” residual risks
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 7
Duties on designers (4)
•
Designers have to be given relevant
information by the CDM co-ordinator
•
Risks which are not foreseeable do not
need to be considered
•
CDM 2007 does not require “zero risk”
designs
•
Amount of effort made to eliminate
hazards should be proportionate to the
risk
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 8
HSE’s expectation of Designers apply the ERI(C) principles (1)
Eliminate hazards
• By experience
• By red amber green lists (optional)
• By challenging existing practice
• By considering implications of their actions
• By talking/listening to contractors
• By complying with Workplace (Health, Safety and
Welfare) Regulations 1992
Reduce remaining risks
- Collective measures
- Individual measures
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 9
HSE’s expectations of designers –
apply the ERI(C) principles (2)
Inform others
•
Provide relevant information to project
team: other designers, CDM co-ordinator,
contractors
•
In particular: highlight significant, “not
obvious” risks, & those that are difficult to
manage
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 10
Designing out risk – example of
what can be done
Simple design
measure to reduce risk
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 11
Designing out risk – example of
what not to do
Inherent risks for future
maintenance of flue pipe
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 12
Designers - Information
•
Provide the right information to the right
people at the right time
•
How to inform
– Method of informing is optional
– Notes on drawings
– Written information with the design
– Suggested sequence of construction
(only if not obvious)
•
If in doubt – discuss it
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 13
Designers – co-operation
• A more managed approach will be necessary for larger
projects:
– integrated team involving designers, principal
contractor and other relevant contractors
– the appointment of a lead designer, where many
designers are involved
– agreeing a common approach to risk reduction during
design
– meetings of the design team (including the CDM coordinator) with contractors, and others
– regular reviews of developing designs
– encourage site visits, so designers can see how risks
are managed on site and vice versa
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 14
Designers - Paperwork
•
Competent designers eliminate hazards and
reduce risks – manage the risk, not paperwork.
•
Design risk assessments (DRAs) are seen by
many as unhelpful and should be discouraged
– Just say no to thoughtless DRA but yes to
eliminating hazards
•
CDM 2007 does not require designers to
produce copious amounts of paperwork detailing
generic hazards and risks
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 15
Designers - Records
•
Designers under CDM 2007 are not
legally required to keep records of the
design process
•
But
– Brief records why key decisions were
made will be helpful when designs are
passed to another, to prevent decisions
being reversed for the wrong reasons
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 16
Designers – design review
•
A process of design review will help to
ensure buildability, usability, &
maintainability
•
Designers should involve the contractor
when reviewing buildability
•
Designers should involve the client (or
building operators) when reviewing
usability and maintainability
•
Involve the CDM co-ordinator if project is
notifiable
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 17
Additional duties for notifiable
projects
•
Check that the client has appointed a
CDM co-ordinator
•
Only ‘initial’ design work is permitted until
a CDM co-ordinator has been appointed
•
Co-operate with the CDM co-ordinator,
principal contractors and with other
designers or contractors so all can
confirm with their CDM duties
•
Provide relevant information for the health
and safety file
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 18
Designers - “Do not……”
•
And never have been asked to control risk on site - they
can only influence what is within their control
•
•
Take into account unforeseeable hazards and risks
•
Specify construction methods, except where the design
requires a particular construction sequence
•
Exercise a health and safety management function over
contractors or others
•
Have to consider trivial risks
Design for possible future uses of structures that cannot
reasonably be anticipated from their design brief
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 19
Designers – Key messages
•
If you design or specify building work, then you
are a designer with new duties under CDM
•
Competent designers eliminate hazards and
reduce risks – manage the risk, not the
paperwork
•
Design for safety and health for those that build,
use, maintain and demolish – it’s safer by design
•
Tell others about significant risks which remain –
give the right information to the right people at
the right time
CDM 2007 Designers – Slide 20