Chapter 14 and16 Review
AP GOVERNMENT
INTEREST GROUPS and
CAMPAIGNS
TEST
a.
b.
c.
d.
A
B
C
D
65%
19%
15%
0%
a.
b.
c.
d.
One of the roles of interest groups is to make
government aware of problems and offer a
possible solution, which is known as what?
13%
0%
4%
83%
0%
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Representation
Participation
Education
Agenda building
Program monitoring
Which of the following best
describes gerrymandering?
a. The party in power wins four or five surrounding
districts by very small margins
b. The Supreme Court requires that state legislators must
0%
adopt the doctrine of one vote, one person
c. The party in control of the state legislature draws
88%
district boundaries in such a way as to favor its own
candidates in subsequent elections
4%
d. By polling voters, party officials are able to determine
how citizens will vote
4%
e. The public decides which issues are most important
and tells elected officials how to vote on specific bills
4%
An interest group can attempt to
lobby the judicial branch
through filing
96%
0%
4%
0%
0%
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
An amicus curiae brief
A writ of error Coram Nobis
A habeas corpus petition
A writ of certiorari
A writ of mandamus
The theory that all interests are free to compete for
influence in government, resulting in healthy
democratic balance, is called
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Elite power politics
Socialism
Pluralism
Rational choice
institutionalism
48%
35%
13%
4%
0%
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
The Bipartisan Campaign Reform
Act of 2002 (McCain-Feingold) did
which of the following?
28%
12%
52%
0%
8%
a. It created interest groups known as 527s
b. It made it illegal for unions to donate to
presidential campaigns
c. It banned soft money donations to
national parties
d. It banned candidates from running
negative advertisements
e. It banned third-parties from federal
funding
The process known as frontloading refers to
a. Presidential candidates raising funds far in
0%
advance of the first presidential primary
b. A presidential candidate seeking endorsements
0%
before officially declaring candidacy
c. The tendency of states to choose an early date
100%
on the primary calendar
d. Political Action Committees contributing money
0%
to candidates at least one year before the first
presidential primary or caucus
0%
e. The winner-take-all principle of the electoral
college
Participant Scores
500
500
Alex Stuve
Hannah Lane
500
500
Harrison Contesti
Patrick Backlas
500
500
500
Lauren Gregor
Monica Riley
Stefanie Kozera
500
400
400
Hannah Sluschewski
Lindsay Maxey
Donovan Foley
500
500
500
500
Sharon Sanders
Grace Glenn
Emma Kammer
Kayla Guerrero
500
Madison Corum
The three points of an iron
triangle include
0%
92%
4%
0%
4%
a. An independent agency, a state, and a
member of Congress
b. An administrative agency, an interest
group, and a congressional committee
c. A cabinet department, an interest group,
and the House majority leader
d. A regulatory commission, a corporation,
and the White House Office
e. The Executive Office of the President, an
interest group, and a Senate committee
The free rider problem occurs
when
0%
100%
0%
0%
0%
a. Interest groups seek public funding to advanc
their special interests
b. People benefit from an interest group’s efforts
without making any contribution
c. Elected officials provide government services
for those who have helped their campaign
d. Political campaigns manipulate the news med
in order to obtain free media
e. Congressional candidates win elections
because they belong to the party of a popular
president
When contributing to congressional
campaigns, political action committees
are most likely to contribute to
78%
4%
0%
0%
17%
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Incumbents of both major parties
Third-party challengers
Republican challengers
State party organizations
National party organizations
Participant Scores
800
800
Alex Stuve
Hannah Lane
700
700
Donovan Foley
Brandon Mills
800
800
800
Kayla Guerrero
Monica Riley
Lauren Gregor
700
700
700
Lindsay Maxey
Hannah Syme
Olivia Peltier
800
800
800
800
Grace Glenn
Sharon Sanders
Hannah Sluschewski
Madison Corum
800
Harrison Contesti
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
What percentage of your current points
would you like to wager on the next
question?
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Which of the following is true of
Political Action Committees
(PACs)?
96%
0%
0%
0%
4%
a. They make campaign contributions in
hope of gaining access to legislators
b. They are a part of political party
organizations
c. They are allowed to contribute to only one
candidate in any election
d. They nominate candidates for president
at national party conventions
e. They operate at the state level but not at
the national level
In response to the Bipartisan Campaign Reform
Act (McCain-Feingold), the United States Supreme
Court, in Citizens United v. FEC, ruled that
48%
48%
0%
4%
0%
a. Limits cannot be placed upon candidates’
contributions to their own campaigns
b. Independent campaign expenditures by
corporations and unions are protected by the
First Amendment
c. Limits on issue advertisements 90 days before
an election are unconstitutional
d. Limits on campaign contributions by minors are
constitutional under the First Amendment
e. Requiring endorsement statements in
campaign advertisements is unconstitutional
Fastest Responders (in seconds)
12.11
13.91
Stefanie Kozera
Alex Stuve
21.63
21.69
26.53
Donovan Foley
Madison Corum
Monica Riley
One of the best strategies that
interest groups can use to
achieve their goals is
17%
74%
0%
0%
9%
a. Pressing for changes in high-profile
public policies
b. Lobbying members of Congress to make
small changes in existing policy
c. Using the judiciary to invalidate federal
legislation
d. Encouraging states to use their Tenth
Amendment rights and ignore federal law
e. Running candidates for office
0%
Typically, presidential
candidates implement their
campaign
strategies
by
a. Applying their resources evenly among the states,
83% b.
17% c.
0%
d.
0%
e.
because they must win popular votes in a majority of
the states to be elected
Focusing on larger, competitive states because they
might tip the balance of the electoral college
Focusing on small states, because these states have
proportionally more electoral votes than more populous
states
Ignoring the electoral college, because the popular vote
determines the outcome of the election
Ignoring the electoral college, because more states are
moving away from the winner-take-all process
Participant Scores
4100
4100
Harrison Contesti
Hannah Lane
3500
3500
Logan Roda
Patrick Backlas
3900
3900
3900
Alex Stuve
Kayla Guerrero
Monica Riley
3500
3500
3500
Leigha Filips
Emma Kammer
Donovan Foley
3700
3700
3700
3700
Brandon Mills
Lauren Gregor
Grace Glenn
Hannah Sluschewski
3700
Sharon Sanders
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
What percentage of your current points
would you like to wager on the next
question?
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Interest groups use Political
Action Committees (PACs) to
4%
0%
96%
0%
0%
a. Provide expertise to members of Congress to
when they are writing legislation
b. Lobby the executive bureaucracy when they
are considering new rules and regulation
c. Raise and spend money on election campaigns
d. Generate research that can be used to
influence public opinion
e. Hire policy experts who will promote their views
in the media
Interest groups are protected
under the Constitution by the
4%
96%
0%
0%
0%
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Provisions of Article I Section 8
First Amendment
Ninth Amendment
Tenth Amendment
Fourteenth Amendment
The head of a political campaign is
usually called the
0%
0%
96%
0%
4%
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Campaign consultant
Political manager
Campaign manager
Political strategist
Political party leader
Political action committees representing which of
the following groups have increased in number
most substantially since the mid 1970s?
30%
26%
0%
13%
30%
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
Labor
Business
Health-care professionals
Veterans’ groups
Civil rights advocates
In The Federalist No. 10, James
Madison argued that factions in a
republic are
8%
92%
0%
0%
0%
a. A more serious threat if the republic is
large
b. Natural but controllable by institutions
c. Not likely to occur if people are honest
d. Prevented by majority rule
e. Prevented by free elections
Lobbyists try to influence legislators
mainly through
36%
8%
20%
0%
36%
a. “wining and dining” legislators
b. Orchestrating petition drives and letterwriting campaigns
c. Placing persuasive advertisements in
the media
d. Threatening to help the legislator’s
opponent in the next election
e. Providing legislators with information on
technical issues
If you got that question wrong,
don’t feel bad
• Question from the 2002 AP Test
• Only 41% of all AP students in the United
States got that question correct
• Only 44% of the students receiving a 3 on
the AP test answered that question
correctly
Which of the following is true of
amicus curiae briefs?
a. They are used by interest groups to
lobby courts
100%
b. They are used exclusively by liberal
0%
interest groups
c. They are used exclusively by
0%
conservative interest groups
d. They are now unconstitutional
0%
e. They are the means by which a litigant
seeks Supreme Court review of a lower
0%
court decision
Interest groups engage in all of the
following EXCEPT
21%
8%
4%
42%
25%
a. Testifying before congressional
committees
b. Sponsoring issue advocacy ads
c. Lobbying federal agencies
d. Filing federal lawsuits
e. Using the franking privilege
Participant Scores
9300
8500
Hannah Lane
Brandon Mills
5100
4300
Emily Boback
Kayla Guerrero
8500
8300
8100
Sharon Sanders
Donovan Foley
Lauren Gregor
3737.5
2000
500
Lindsay Maxey
Hannah Syme
Madison Corum
7700
7300
6987.5
6500
Olivia Peltier
Erika Nodland
Stefanie Kozera
Participant 32
6100
Brooke Shevela
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
What percentage of your current points
would you like to wager on the next
question?
0%
25%
50%
75%
100%
Which of the following is NOT a
way in which the federal
government regulate campaigns?
0%
4%
24%
24%
48%
a. By requirements for disclosure of
campaign donations
b. By establishment of federal agencies to
regulate campaign finance activities
c. By limits on the distribution of soft
money
d. By limits on individual donations to
campaigns
e. By prohibitions on negative advertising