Topic 1: Introducing The University of
Hong Kong Libraries – And its Role in
Knowledge Exchange
第一讲：香港大学图书馆简介
及其在知识交流中的角色
Peter Sidorko, David Palmer and Tony Ferguson
HKU
HKU
Main
Library
HKU
HKU
The
University
香港大學
 Evolved from the Hong
Kong College of
Medicine, founded in
1887
 前身为1887年建
立的香港医学院
 Founded 1912
 奠基于1912年
 Multidisciplinary/compre
hensive - undergraduate
& postgraduate
 多元化及综合化
的学科供本科生
及研究生选择
The
University
香港大學
 22,000 students
(Government & self funded)
 22,000 名学生(由政府资
助及自费)
 111,000 students (Continuing
education school)
 111,000 名学生(持续教育
学校)
 Ranked24 in the world’s top
universities (THES, 2009),
18th in 2007
 2009年世界排名第24位，
2007年第18位 (世界大学
排行榜〉
 Ranked1 university in Asia
(Quacquarelli Symonds,May
2009)
 亚洲排名第一
(Quacquarelli Symonds
Survey,May,2009)
The Library today
今日的图书馆
 1 Main Library (arts,
architecture, humanities,
science and technology,
social sciences)
 6 branches (Dental,
Education, Law Medical,
Music and Chinese)
 ca 235 staff including 33
professionals
 1所总馆 (文学、建
筑、人文、科技、及
社会科学)
 6 所分馆 (牙科、教
育、法律、医学、音
乐及中文)
 约230名员工，包括
32名专业馆员
Main Library
Content
内容
 2,729,901 physical
volumes
 二百七十二万九仟九
百零一册纸本书
 1,895,309 e-books
 一百八九万伍仟三百
零九册电子书
 57,862 e-journal
subscriptions
 订购了五万七仟八百
六十二册电子期刋
 707 databases
 七百零七个数据库
 Many locally created
databases
 多個自建数据库
Budget Shift towards Electronic
经费运用趋向电子资源
Year
% of Materials
Budget
01/02
12%
02/03
21%
03/04
29%
04/05
42%
05/06
48%
06/07
50%
07/08
56%
08/09
59%
09/10
71%
Services and usage
服務及用途
 102,401 registered users including
46,891 alumni
• 1.9 million physical volumes reshelved last year (1.3 million
checked out)
 180 million hits on our website last
year
 E-resources accessed 3.7 million
times
 14,000+ enrollments in our
information skills classes
 Answered 70,000 reference
questions including 2,881 sent in by
email
 24,124 sqm
 102,401登记用户，包括
46,891名校友
• 去年重上架的纸本书数目达
一百九十万册 (借出一百三
十万册)
 去年本馆网页有一亿八仟万
的登入记录
 电子资源使用量达三百柒十
万次
 报读信息技巧课程的读者达
14,000以上人次
 回答了70,000个以上的参考
咨询查询，包括2,881个电
邮查询
 24,124平方米
Major challenges
重要挑战
• Lack of collections space.
Annually have to store 90,000+
volumes in remote storage
(Hingwai and Main Storage)
• 缺乏储存馆藏的空间。每
年需将90,000册以上的书
籍储存至离校存仓 (兴伟
及总存仓)
• Lack of library resources
fund budget increases.
Annually in deficit situation.
Relying upon rapidly dwindling
carry over funds from previous
years.
• 购书经费没有增加。年复
一年的赤字。依赖早年携
带下来的经费，而这笔经
费正在迅速缩减
• Insufficient overall funding for
the Libraries once our carry
over funds are exhausted
• 当早年携带下来的经费耗
尽后，图书馆整体经费将
出现短缺
Major challenges
重要挑战
• Complications related to our
moving from print to digital
world
• Need for better trained library
staff (now have 32
professionals – down from 44
seven years ago)
• 由纸本迈向数字化的复
杂性
• 需要更完善的人才培训
(专业馆员由7年前的44
名缩减至现时的32名)
• 引进无线射频识别设备
• Introduced RFID - world’s
技术 –世界上最大规
largest academic library RFID
模采用RFID技术的学术
implementation
图书馆
• Knowledge exchange and
open access
• 知识交流与公开存取
Knowledge Exchange and the Scholar’s Hub
知识交流及香港大学学术库
The HKU Scholars Hub
香港大学学术库
Aligned with HKU’s Mission, Vision & Strategic Plan
为配合香港大学的使命
、抱负及策略计划而建
HKU: Vision 香港大学的抱负
 The University of Hong Kong, as
a leading international institution
of higher learning in Asia, strives
to attract and nurture
outstanding scholars from
around the world through
excellence and innovation in
teaching and learning, research
and knowledge exchange,
contributing to the advancement
of society and the development
of leaders through a global
presence, regional significance
and engagement with the rest of
China.
 香港大学跻立国际
优等学府之首列，
标领亚洲，怀抱中
华，旷眼世界。教
学科研，是必竭心
悉力，交流广益。
期勉于精上求精，
开新启昧，荟萃天
下英才，教以成美
，树人淑世，明德
新民，止于至善。
HKU: Mission 香港大学的使命
 The University of Hong Kong will
endeavour:
 To…
 To…
 To be fully accountable for the
effective management of public
and private resources bestowed
upon the institution and act in
partnership with the community
over the generation,
dissemination and application of
knowledge
 To serve as a focal point of
intellectual and academic
endeavour in Hong Kong, China
and Asia and act as a gateway
and forum for scholarship with
the rest of the world
 香港大学将全力以赴，以求
达到下列目标：
 To…
 To…
 有效管理来自政府及民
间的资源，与社会携手
合作，拓展知识，并加
以传扬和应用
 使港大成为香港、中国
及亚洲的学术活动中心
，加强才智交流，并致
力促进与世界其他地区
的学术联系
HKU: Strategic Development 2009 ~ 2014
2009 ~ 2014 策略方針

“We will continue to inculcate in our
academic staff members a culture
of knowledge sharing with the
public. “They will be encouraged
to share their intellectual
knowledge through public and
inaugural lectures, media
interviews, publications…”
 “我们将继续于港大教职
员之间推广公众共享知识
的文化，鼓励他们透过公
开讲座、就职演讲、媒体
访问、刊物 ……分享其知
识……”

Operational Priority: “… setting up
a database to record knowledge
exchange activities in the
University and improving
communication within and outside
the University, we will facilitate
dissemination of information and
 实施重点：“建立数据库，
记录港大的知识交流活动，
并加强大学对内对外的沟
通，促进信息传播并担当
serve as an exchange
hub.”
交流中心的角色。”
Knowledge Transfer (KT)  KE
知识转移 知识交流
 HK University Grants
Committee
 HK$50M / year to 8 institutions
 “the systems and processes by
which knowledge including
technology, know-how,
expertise and skills are
transferred between higher
education institutions and
society, leading to innovative,
profitable or economic or social
improvements”
 HKU’s interpretation of KT is
KE, emphasizing a two
exchange between HKU and
its community
 香港大学教育资助委员会
 每年5仟万港币予8间院校
 “在高等教育院校和社
会之间转移知识（包括
科技、技术、专业知识
及技能，所用的系统和
方法），从而带动经济
上或民生上的效益， 与
及带来创新及有经济效
益的活动。”
 港大将知识转移詮釋为知
识交流，着重于大学与社
会间的双向交流。
The HKU Scholars Hub
香港大学学术库
 To collect, preserve and
provide open access to the
intellectual output of HKU
 2008/2009
 25,000 items
 Over 1M downloads
  Now, it must become an
“exchange hub” for KE, to
make HKU research &
expertise highly visible
 收集、保存港大的
学术成果产出及为
其提供公开存取
 2008/2009
 25,000 项
 下载超过一百万次
  现在，有必要
将其变成知识交流
的“交流中心”令
港大的研究及专门
领域更易于搜找
Before: The Hub was
article-centric
以前，学术库主要收
集文章
HKU ResearcherPages
港大研究者頁
 Created for every current
HKU researcher; 2,000+
 Knowledge Exchange:
 A database in which
government, industry and the
community can easily find an
HKU expert for media
comment, contract research,
collaboration, etc.
 Our development Partner
 为港大2,000名以上的所
有现任研究人员而设
 知识交流:
 是一个港大专才参与，让
政府、工业界及社会易于
查询媒体评论、合同研究
及合作等等的数据库
 我们的发展伙伴
 Cilea, Consorzio
 Cilea, Consorzio
Interuniversitario
Interuniversitario
 www.cilea.it
 www.cilea.it
Authority Control
规范控制
 Hierarchy of Authority &
Synonymy


Authorized headings
Variant headings
 Multi-script Synonymy

Roman, Traditional
Chinese, Simplified
Chinese, Japanese,
Korean, etc. (UTF-8)
 规范及同义字的阶层
 规范标目
 变体标目
 多种语言同义字
 罗马字、中国繁体
字、中国简体字、
日本字、韩国字
通过这些接入点可在
Google找到谭教授的
踪迹：名字、部门、
职位、发言、写过的
文章及其主题等等
Access points by which
Prof Tam can be
discovered (in Google!):
names, dept, position,
languages spoken,
papers written, their
subjects, etc.
Marshal Data for Upload
整理资料准备上载
 Name & Contact Details
 名字及联络资料
 HKU Communications
 港大通讯录
Directory
 Picture & Biography
 相片及简传
 Departmental web pages
 部门网页
 Media Spokesmanship
 媒体发言人
 HKU Communications &
Public Affairs Office
 Metrics
 Scopus & ResearcherID
 Native silo  Visual
Studio  Excel  XML
 The Hub
 港大传讯及公共事务处
 计量
 Scopus & ResearcherID
 原生型储存 Visual
Studio  Excel  XML
 The Hub
Metrics : Scopus
计量指标：Scopus
 Project: Scopus
Bibliometric Rectification



1,000 HKU researcher
names
Disambiguate like named
individuals
Unify variant names for
one individual
 项目：Scopus计量指
标修正

1,000个港大研究者的
名字
 消解重名
 统一同人异名
Name
Papers Scopus AuthorID
Yam, V.W W
7
34769423500
Yam, Vy W W
265
18539304700
Yam, V.
34
34820310
Yam, V.W.W.
Yam, V.w.
Yam, V.W.w.
Yam, Vy
Metrics: Web of Knowledge
计量指标：学术信息资源整合体系
 No authorized headings for
personal or institution names
 Serious Search Noise
 University of HK
 Chinese University of HK
 City University of HK
 HK U of Sci & Tech
 Etc.
 个人或机构名字的规范标
目
 搜索中遇到的严重滋扰
 香港大学图书馆
 中文大学图书馆
 城市大学图书馆
 香港科技大学图书馆
 等等
计量指标
Metrics /
www.researcherID.com
 Project: RID Batch Creation
 1,000 HKU researcher
names
 Upload all publications
 Auto match on WoK
 Results: Exact Search & Deep
linking to RID pages
 项目：成批制作RID

1,000港大研究者的名
字
 上载所有出版物
 在WoK上自动配对
 结果：确切的搜索及深链
接到RID网页
Web Services to
Integrate with
Workflow
Institution automatically
creates RID profiles
• Unique identifier for each researcher
• Researchers maintain control of
information and privacy
• Current updated Web of Science
citation counts into institutional
repositories and systems
Updated citation counts, profile
and publication data flow into
institutions
HKU
网络服务与
工作流程整合
研究机构可自行建立RID档案
• 研究人员独一无二的识别账号
• 研究人员自行维护并控制个人
信息
• 将及时更新Web of Science 引文
数据引入机构智库和系统
及时更新的引文数据，个人概
况和发表的论文数据汇总于研
究机构
港大
Slide, courtesy of Thomson Reuters.
由Thomson Reuters 提供的幻灯片
New index, many ways to
search
新索引，多种搜索方法

Collapse Button

Expand Button

折叠按钮

扩展按钮

MouseOver on “R”
produces popup
 鼠标悬停在“R”会
出现一个弹出窗口
Media Spokesmanship
媒体发言
Clickable
bibliometric counts
from Scopus &
ResearcherID
可点击以Scopus
及ResearcherID计
算的计量指标
 OA fulltext items in
the Hub for this
author
 “” indicates there
is a RP.
 该作者在此学术库
开放存取的所有全
文项目
 “”显示有RP
User Authentication
用户认证
 HKU Single Sign-on
(SSO / CAS)
 港大单一登入
(SSO / CAS)
Staff Mode
职员模式
 Each RP owner
can,



Edit
Add
Delete

Hide
 每一RP的主人可
 更改
 加入
 删除
 隠藏
On any relevant search,
entry for Hub usually
comes top of page
在任何有关的搜索，学
术库的项目总是该页的
首项
KE: Relevant Key Indicators
知识交流：有关重要指标
 Objectively measured  基于学术库资料的客观
量度
by The Hub
 Item count of HKU Theses in
 港大论文开放存取资
Open Access
 Item count of HKU research
in Open Access
 Applications for patents
 Download counts of the
above
 Number of staff for media
contact
源的项目数
 港大研究项目开放存
取资源的项目数
 专利申请项目数
 上述内容的下载次数
 传媒联络过的职员人
数
KE: Relevant Key Indicators
知识交流：有关重要指标
 Outcomes, indirectly attributable  间接归功于学术库的成
to The Hub
果
 Number of collaborative researches
 Number of contract researches
 Number of consultancies, and income




thereby generated
Number of invited public lectures,
symposia, exhibitions, performances &
honorary degree speeches
Number of University staff invited to be
mentors
Number of positive media impact related
to knowledge transfer coverage,
including print, online and electronic
media
Number of appointments of external
members to HKU advisory boards
 合作研究项目数
 合同研究项目数
 提供顾问服务次数及因此而产生的
收益
 获邀公开演讲，出席研讨会、展览
、表现及名誉学位演讲的次数
 获邀为辅导教师的大学职员人数
 产生与知识交流有关的正面媒体效
应的次数，包括印刷、网上及电子
传媒
 受聘为港大顾问委员会的校外委员
人数
HKU Colleagues
港大同僚
Terima Kasih
спасибо
‫شكرا لك‬
謝謝您
감사합니다
cảm ơn bạn
धन्यवाद
Σε ευχαριστώ
‫תודה‬
有り難うございます
Thank You
a
 This PPT & PDF are licensed under a
Creative Commons license. This license
permits non-commercial use of this work, so
long as attribution is given. For more
information about the license, visit
 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-ncsa/3.0/hk/
 Archived at,
 http://hub.hku.hk/handle/123456789/57066
CLOCKSS: Archiving in the Hands of the
Community
An Example of Cloud Computing
雲計算的一個例子
http://www.clockss.org
www.clockss.org
53
CLOCKS
MEANING
C
CONTROLLED/regulated 控制/管理
L
LOTS
大量
O
OF
的
C
COPIES
副本
K
KEEPS
保存
S
STUFF
電子資源
S
SAFE
安全
www.clockss.org
54
The Problem
 Libraries don’t have
sufficient space to
keep bound journals
 图书馆是没有足够空间
来存放装订期刊
 Digital content at high
risk of loss
 电子资源存在很高的遗
失风险
 A number of long term  一连串的长期档案存在
archives exist to solve
并有需要解决这问题
this problem
CLOCKSS believes that archiving belongs in the hands of
the community
55
The Solution: CLOCKSS –
a library & publisher solution to a
library & publisher problem
 Publishers deposit
content with CLOCKS
 出版商用CLOCKS来存放
资源
 Content held at selected
CLOCKS libraries, worldwide
 资源是放在被CLOCKS
挑选的世界性图书馆内
 International communitygoverned archive
 Free access to abandoned
and orphaned content
 国际性共同管理档案
 自由存取那些遗弃和放弃
资源
 收费低
 Low fees
www.clockss.org
56
Serving The World’s Scholars
 Content can be
accessed when not
available from any
publisher
 CLOCKSS makes it
freely available to all
 The only way to keep
open access content,
open access
 当资源不能在任何一位出
版商中找到，也能取出
 CLOCKSS可使所有人自
由地存取资源
 是唯一的方法来公开存取
资源
www.clockss.org
57
3 Examples: Open Access Content
例子： 公開存取資源
 Graft
 Sage
 Auto/Biography
 Sage
 Brief Treatment & Crisis Intervention
 OUP
www.clockss.org
58
Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention
3 Archives 三種檔案
Ingenta
Portico
CLOCKSS
59
Ingenta: (send money 寄出金錢)
http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/oup/btcint
60
Portico: (Members Only 只限會員)
http://www.portico.org/Portico/article/access/viewHtml.por?journalId=ISSN_14743310&issueI
d=ISSN_14743310v8i4&articleId=pf1gm2zr90&fileType=html:FullText&fileValid=true
61
How does CLOCKS handle this problem? (free to all 所有人是免費)
http://btci.edina.clockss.org/cgi/content/full/8/4/294/
62
Decentralized
Preservation
Australian National University
OCLC
Edinburgh University
Indiana University
Japan NlI
Rice University
Stanford University
University of Alberta
University of Hong Kong
University of Virginia
Increased security through geographic, geologic, political redundancy
63
CLOCKSS: Four Unique Benefits
 Free access to
abandoned and
orphaned content
 自由存取以至遗弃和放
弃资源
 Content held at
libraries, world-wide
 资源是放在世界性图书
馆内
 International
community-governed
archive
 国际性共同管理档案
 Low fees
 收费低
www.clockss.org
64
Governance Structure
 The archive is managed
by all participants
 Board of Directors and
Advisory Council
 档案是由所有参加者管
理
- 董事会成员和
咨询委员会
 Publishers and
librarians have equal
say
 出版商与图书馆员拥有
同等的权利
 You direct strategic
directions and priorities
 您可在策略性方向和优
先级上作出管理
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Governing Board 管理成员
American Medical Association
American Physiological Society
Atypon
Elsevier
IOP Publishing
Nature Publishing Group
Oxford University Press
SAGE Publications
Springer
Taylor & Francis
Wiley-Blackwell
Australian National University
OCLC
Edinburgh University
Indiana University
Japan National Institute of
Informatics
Rice University
Stanford University
University of Alberta
University of Hong Kong
University of Virginia
Università Cattolica del Sacro
Cuore
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Advisory Council 咨询委员会
 You!
 是您！
 Each supporting library
has one delegate
 每一间支持的图书馆可
派出一名代表
 Voice in CLOCKSS
Archive governance
 能在CLOCKSS档案管
治中发出声音
 Meet quarterly
 每季会面
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Publisher Participants 参加的出版商
American Academy of Pediatrics; American Institute of
Physics; American Medical Association; American
Physiological Society; Association for Computing Machinery;
bepress; BioMed Central; Co-Action Publishing; Edinburgh
University Press; Elsevier; IOP Publishing; Liverpool
University Press; Nature Publishing Group; Oxford
University Press; Rockefeller University Press; Royal
Society Publishing; RSC Publishing; SAGE Publications;
Society for the Study of Reproduction;Springer; Taylor &
Francis; Wiley-Blackwell
Others still joining!
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Low Library Participation Fees: US$
Materials Budgets
Under $1 million
$1 - 2 million
$2 - 3 million
$3 - 4 million
$4 - 5 million
$5 - 7 million
$7 - 9 million
$9 - 11 million
$11 - 13 million
$13 - 15 million
$15 - 20 million
$20 - 25 million
Over $25 million
Annual Contribution
$450
$600
$1,200
$1,800
$2,400
$3,000
$4,200
$5,400
$6,600
$7,800
$9,000
$12,000
$15,000
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Low Publisher Participation Fees: US$
Publishing Revenue
Under $250,000
$250,000 – 500,000
$500,000 –1 million $800
$1 – 5 million
$5 – 10 million
$10 – 50 million
$50 – 200 million
Over $200 million
Annual Contribution
$200
$400
$2,000
$4,000
$9,000
$15,000
$25,000
Free back file ingest; Front file ingest $.25/article;
No charge for the first 500 articles; Fees capped at $75,000/year.
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Driving Costs Lower
 Discounts for groups of
libraries are available
 CLOCKSS recently
lowered fees for small
publishers
 CLOCKSS IS raising
funds to create an
endowment fund
 对数间参加的图书馆给
予折扣
 CLOCKSS 最近便调低小
规模出版商的收费
 CLOCKSS 正在筹募经费
， 创立捐赠基金
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Summary: Four Unique Benefits
 Free, open access to
content abandoned by
publishers
 出版商遺棄的資源能够
自由，開放存取
 Globally distributed
archive nodes
 全球地派發檔案節點
 Community-governed
archive
 共同管理檔案
 Low participation costs so
everyone can participate
 參加的成本費低因此所
有人能夠參與
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Contact CLOCKSS for more information
Victoria Reich
CLOCKSS Founding Director
Stanford University Libraries
info@clockss.org
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